The DOI matches its Crossref record; 105 of the 110 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 2 of the 29 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development and Validation
Open accessAbstract
In the last three decades, an influential research stream has emerged which highlights the dynamics of focal consumer/brand relationships. Specifically, more recently the ‘consumer brand engagement’ (CBE) concept has been postulated to more comprehensively reflect the nature of consumers’ particular interactive brand relationships, relative to traditional concepts, including ‘involvement.’ However, despite the growing scholarly interest regarding the undertaking of marketing research addressing ‘engagement,’ studies have been predominantly exploratory in nature, thus generating a lack of empirical research in this area to date. By developing and validating a CBE scale in specific social media settings, we address this identified literature gap. Specifically, we conceptualize CBE as a consumer's positively valenced brand-related cognitive, emotional and behavioral activity during or related to focal consumer/brand interactions. We derive three CBE dimensions, including cognitive processing, affection, and activation. Within three different social media contexts, we employ exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to develop a reliable, 10-item CBE scale, which we proceed to validate within a nomological net of conceptual relationships and a rival model. The findings suggest that while consumer brand ‘involvement’ acts as a CBE antecedent, consumer ‘self-brand connection’ and ‘brand usage intent’ represent key CBE consequences, thus providing a platform for further research…
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49 Own result · 21 Own interpretation · 9 No full text of the sources · 8 Sources not found · 8 Own method · 7 No basis given · 2 Couldn’t confirm · 1 Not checked yet · accuracy not yet measured
The cited sources that could be checked couldn’t confirm or dispute this claim.
In the paper
“the qualitative study shows consumer conceptions of CBE are aligned with key findings addressing the 'engagement' concept in prior research (Brodie et al. 2011;Leeflang 2011).”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Insert Table 2 about here
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Brodie et al. 2011
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Could not verifycites Leeflang 2011 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The available Abstract describes the formalization of marketing and future developments, while the metadata lists customer engagement only as a keyword. Searches for consumer conceptions of CBE, qualitative findings, and the engagement concept found no passage addressing whether those conceptions align with prior research. (LLM, conf=0.71)
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Not matched
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In an additional EFA including only the 10 retained CBE items, the scree plot and the eigen values exceeding 1.0 concurred in suggesting the suitability of a threefactor solution for CBE, which explained 69.63% of the total variance.”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Results
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For these brands, the respondents exhibited a substantially lower willingness to exert cognitive, emotional or behavioral activity in their brand interactions”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Insert Table 2 about here
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“we observed the scree in the scree plot at three factors; thus corresponding to our hypothesized three-factor model of CBE.”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Results
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Cattell 1966 source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The attained Cronbach alphas for the scale were: (i) Cognitive processing: .825;”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Insert Figure 1 about here
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The fit statistics for the re-estimated model were as follows: χ 2 (53) = 464.9(p=0.000); and χ 2 /df = 8.72, GFI = .865;CFI = .922;RMSEA = .118;and SRMR = .048;thus indicating a worse fit, relative to the three-factor model.”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Insert Figure 1 about here
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“the audio recorded findings suggested that consumers predominantly equated their 'engagement' with their selected brands to specific brand interactions.”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Insert Table 2 about here
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“while consumer brand 'involvement' acts as a CBE antecedent”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“the results indicated that for perceived 'highly engaging' brands consumers, typically, appeared willing to exert considerable cognitive, emotional and behavioral activity in their brand interactions”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Insert Table 2 about here
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We derive three CBE dimensions, including cognitive processing, affection, and activation.”
- Also stated in: § CBE Conceptual Development · plain
“we propose three CBE dimensions, which correspond to the generic cognitive, emotional and behavioral nature of 'engagement.'”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § CBE Conceptual Development · plain
- Probably not a substantial claim. 11
- It may state two separate claims as one. 14
The cited sources that could be checked couldn’t confirm or dispute this claim.
In the paper
“As such, this research responds directly to the Marketing Science Institute's (MSI 2010), Leeflang's (2011), and Brodie et al.'s (2011) call for the undertaking of 'engagement'-based scale development research.”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Brand usage intent
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites MSI 2010
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Could not verifycites Leeflang (2011) sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The indexed Abstract describes a broad agenda for developing marketing research, and the keywords include customer engagement. Searches for engagement-based scale development and customer-engagement measures returned no passage in our copy calling for that research; the retrieved text does not establish the specific attribution to Leeflang. (LLM, conf=0.72)
- Not matchedcites Brodie et al. (2011)
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“we employ exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to develop a reliable, 10-item CBE scale”
- Also stated in: § Results · plain
“resulting in a three-factor, 10-item CBE scale for further analysis.”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Abstract
plainn = 200- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Results · plain
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The item screening generated a reduced pool of 39 CBE items.”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“we retained 12 items for the 'cognitive processing,' 15 items for the 'affection,' and 12 items for the 'activation' dimensions of CBE for further analysis.”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Reliability (internal consistency) analyses using Cronbach's alpha indicated the scale had good reliability: (i) Cognitive processing: .753;(ii) Affection: .839;(iii) Activation: .776;and (iv) Overall 10-item CBE scale: .823.”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Results
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The attained Cronbach alphas for the scale were: (i) Cognitive processing: .825;(ii) Affection: .907; (iii) Activation: .894;and (iv) Overall CBE scale: .933.”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Insert Figure 1 about here
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The results in Figure 1 suggested excellent model fit (Iacobucci 2010: p. 91): χ 2 (32) = 97.994(p=0.000); and χ 2 /df = 3.06.Further, GFI = .968;CFI = .984;RMSEA = .061;and SRMR = .0278;thus corroborating the excellent model fit to the data”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Insert Figure 1 about here
What the sources say
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“The regression weights (βs) for each of the items onto their intended factor were significant (e.g.AFFECTION → AFFEC.1: .895);and all standardized coefficients .50;suggesting that each of the items should remain in the model”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Insert Figure 1 about here
What the sources say
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Similarly, while we found consumers' brand-related 'affection' (.426) and 'activation' (.402) in specific consumer/brand interactions to exert a similar significant effect on individuals' ensuing 'brand usage intent,' consumers' level of 'cognitive processing' (.045) failed to produce a significant effect.”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Hypothesis Testing Results
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“which indicated that discriminant validity was attained for 14 of the 15 possible construct pairs; that is, with the exception of COG.PROC.-AFFEC.(Table 5).”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Model Results
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Fornell and Larcker 1981a/b
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Each of the squared multiple correlations exceeded .50;also indicating good item reliability.”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Model Results
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The regression coefficients indicated that each of the items made a significant contribution to the measurement of its intended construct, thus contributing to the model's convergent validity.”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Model Results
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The fit statistics for the calibration sample are: χ 2 (243) = 653.561(p=0.000); and χ 2 /df = 2.69, GFI = .824;CFI = .932;RMSEA = .078;and SRMR = .0616;the validation sample: χ 2 (243) = 666.7 (p=0.000);χ 2 /df = 2.77, GFI = .817;CFI = .938;RMSEA = .079;and SRMR = .0516.”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Insert Table 5 about here
plainn = 278- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Highly similar results were attained across both sub-samples (Table 6), which also exhibited significant resemblance to the results for the full sample (Alwin and Jackson 1981).”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Insert Table 5 about here
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Alwin and Jackson 1981
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
boostedn = 278- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“Fourth, 'engagement' plays a central role in a nomological net of focal conceptual relationships (Brodie et al. 2011)”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Table 1 about here
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Brodie et al. 2011
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As such, study 3 confirmed the CBE scale representing a valid, reliable and stable measurement instrument.”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Insert Figure 1 about here
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“more recently the 'consumer brand engagement' (CBE) concept has been postulated to more comprehensively reflect the nature of consumers' particular interactive brand relationships, relative to traditional concepts, including 'involvement.'”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Brodie et al. 2011
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
In the paper
“'engagement' reflects a motivational state (Van Doorn et al. 2010), which occurs by virtue of an individual's (i.e. the 'engagement subject') focal interactive experiences with a particular object or agent”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Table 1 about here
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Van Doorn et al. 2010 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“studies have been predominantly exploratory in nature; thus generating a lack of empirical research in this area to date.”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“and as such, may be useful for scholars and managers seeking to predict specific consumer behavior outcomes;”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Brand usage intent
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Additionally, this paper contributes insights regarding the potential role of CBE in the advancement of the broader theoretical perspectives of relationship marketing, S-D logic and consumer culture theory, which are centered upon the importance of establishing and maintaining value-laden, interactive and co-creative consumer/brand interactions and relationships.”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Brand usage intent
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As a result, consumers' CBE levels with a focal brand may fluctuate: (i) During (i.e.within) a particular brand interaction; and (ii) Across brand interactions over time.”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Contributions, Limitations & Implications Academic Implications
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Overall, we expect managerial cultivation of CBE to generate enhanced consumer brand retention and loyalty outcomes.”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Managerial Implications
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Represents a promising, under-explored concept to date;”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Brand usage intent
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“thus indicating that not only does CBE have a positive effect on consumer 'self-brand connection,' but CBE explains most of the variance observed for this construct.”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Hypothesis Testing Results
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper relies on this without support.
The selected social media brands (Facebook.com, Twitter.com, LinkedIn.com) are representative of social media contexts for studying CBE.
“Within three different social media contexts, we employ exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to develop a reliable, 10-item CBE scale”
“we selected the brand Facebook.comfor investigation”
“we selected the social media brand Twitter.com for investigation”
The paper relies on this without support.
The causal direction is from consumer brand involvement through CBE to self-brand connection and brand usage intent, not the reverse.
“we identified a mediating effect of CBE in the association between consumer brand 'involvement' and 'brand usage intent.'”
The paper relies on this without support.
The nomological net includes all relevant mediating variables.
“which implies there are no omitted mediating variables, and the mediating hypotheses are supported.”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Study 2: CBE Measurement Assessment & Scale Dimensionality
“We selected a social media setting in studies 1-3”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Study 1: Consumer Conceptions of 'Consumer Brand Engagement' (CBE)
“We instructed the participants to select a brand in any category that is 'highly engaging' to them”
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
“| Activation | .72 | .67 | .75 | .69 | .46 | .49 | | Self-Brand | .84 | .74 | .86 | .86 | .75 | .45 |”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Brand usage intent
Reported 0.46 · recomputed 0.7396
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
“| Affection | .84 | .85 | .76 | .57 | .74 | .46 | | Activation | .72 | .67 | .75 | .69 | .46 | .49 | | Self-Brand | .84 | .74 | .86 | .86 | .75 | .45 | | Connection | | | | | | | | Brand Usage | .67 | .64 | .74 | .70 | .67 | .76 |”
§ Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development & Validation > Brand usage intent
Reported 0.46 · recomputed 0.5476
Citations
Cites
Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.2307/3151312 · Cited by 109,314
Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1177/002224378101800104 · Cited by 109,190
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Sorted by citations
Items 1,501–1,600 of 3,233
Irshad, W., Zhou, E., Rasheed, H. M. W., Mumtaz, M. U., & Khurshid, R. (2025) · Journal of Consumer Behaviour · doi:10.1002/cb.2458 · Cited by 11
Naeem, M., Ozuem, W., Ranfagni, S., & Howell, K. E. (2025) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2025.108642 · Cited by 31
Sen, S. (., Gorgoglione, M., & Panniello, U. (2025) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2025.115257 · Cited by 11
Ruiz‐Equihua, D., Romero, J., & Casaló, L. V. (2025) · Service Industries Journal · doi:10.1080/02642069.2025.2508975 · Cited by 12
“Measurement scales were adapted and validated from previous research and, consistent with previous conceptualizations (Hollebeek et al., 2014), customer engagement was measured as type II re fl ective-formative constructs (Hair et al., 2022).”
Yamawaki, M. A. C., & Sarfati, G. (2019) · Internext · doi:10.18568/internext.v14i1.442 · Cited by 10
“50% of total population) (Innovar e Pesquisa, 2016). According to Visa (2017), millennials in Brazil is the group that buy the most through internet, holding more than 20% of all the transactions made online.”
BackgroundHedonic and Utilitarian Values Behind Engagement of Online Consumers
Zeba, F., Shaheen, M., & Krishnankutty, R. (2020) · Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations · doi:10.4018/jeco.2020070101 · Cited by 10
Harman, D. M., & Porter, M. C. (2021) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2021.102603 · Cited by 11
eWOM, confianza y engagement: incidencia en el capital de marca
Puma, M. F. V., & Contrí, G. B. (2020) · Revista Venezolana de Gerencia · doi:10.37960/rvg.v25i3.33368 · Cited by 16
“…visto como un concepto prometedor que se espera proporcione un poder predictivo y explicativo de los resultados del comportamiento del consumidor (Hollebeek et al, 2014) De ahí que (Bowden, 2009) lo considera como un proceso interactivo de la marca con el consumidor, que comienza con la…”
BackgroundMARKETING DE INFLUENCERS EN REDES SOCIALES
Gallego, J. S. R., & Torres, J. S. (2021) · FACE Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales · doi:10.24054/01204211.v2.n2.2021.1109 · Cited by 10
Amer, S. M., & Rakha, S. A. (2022) · Cogent Business & Management · doi:10.1080/23311975.2022.2055443 · Cited by 10
“However, our research conceptualizes customer engagement as a multi-dimensional variable incorporating the cognitive, affective, and behavioral constructs proposed by Brodie et al. (2011) and Hollebeek et al. (2014).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialMei, X. Y., Brataas, A., & Stothers, R. A. (2022) · Journal of Strategic Marketing · doi:10.1080/0965254x.2022.2127854 · Cited by 10
“In addition to being a motivational construct (Dessart, 2017), engagement is a psychological state that occurs due to the consumer’s interactive experience (Brodie et al., 2013; Hollebeek et al., 2014).”
BackgroundBozkurt, S., Welch, E., Gligor, D. M., Gligor, N., Garg, V. K., & Pillai, K. G. (2023) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.114077 · Cited by 10
From tourist motivations to buying decisions: A multilevel engagement perspective
Nusair, K., Okumus, F., Karatepe, O. M., Alfarhan, U. F., & de Larrea, G. L. (2023) · Tourism Management Perspectives · doi:10.1016/j.tmp.2023.101148 · Cited by 11
Kwon, E., Choi, T. R., & Ma, L. (2023) · Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising · doi:10.1080/10641734.2023.2236176 · Cited by 13
“Ten items from Hollebeek, Glynn, and Brodie (2014) were used to evaluate three dimensions of CBE: cognitive processing, affection, and activation.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialMaking frugal innovations inclusive: A gendered approach
Girija, S., Banerji, B., Batra, N., Paruchuru, M., & Yeediballi, T. (2023) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.140182 · Cited by 12
Rohrbach, S., Bruns, D., & Langner, T. (2024) · International Journal of Advertising · doi:10.1080/02650487.2024.2354081 · Cited by 11
Pedroni, M., & Pofi, M. P. (2018) · Observatorio (OBS*) · doi:10.15847/obsobs0001383 · Cited by 10
“Each area of study has been and remains particularly interested in the perspective of the consumer (Hollebeek et al., 2014) or that of the influencer (Titton, 2015), who is described both as an amateur (Rocamora & Bartlett, 2009) naively transported from the edge to the heart of fashion world (Khamis & Munt, 2010), or…”
BackgroundTaşdelen, B. (2020) · Gaziantep University journal of social sciences · doi:10.21547/jss.731673 · Cited by 7
Crowdsupporting als Gabentausch
Schulz-Schaeffer, I. (2017) · KZfSS Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie · doi:10.1007/s11577-016-0400-7 · Cited by 10
Broadening brand engagement within the service-centric perspective
Seo, Y., Kelleher, C., & Brodie, R. J. (2017) · Journal of Service Theory and Practice · doi:10.1108/jstp-02-2015-0055 · Cited by 11
Self-citationLiu, R. L., Sprott, D. E., Spangenberg, E. R., & Czellar, S. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-61985-9_12 · Cited by 11
CONSUMER JOURNEY OF CULINARY PRODUCTS THROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA IN INDONESIA
Dwityas, N. A., Briandana, R., & Aulia, P. (2020) · Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews · doi:10.18510/hssr.2020.8141 · Cited by 10
Susanti, V., & Samudro, A. (2023) · Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing · doi:10.1108/jbim-02-2022-0077 · Cited by 9
Verleye, K., & Holvoet, S. (2024) · Journal of Service Theory and Practice · doi:10.1108/jstp-09-2022-0193 · Cited by 9
Ahmed, S., Ghaffar, A., Zaidi, S. S. Z., Islam, T., Khan, M. M., Islam, F., Kincl, T., & Sheikh, A. A. (2024) · Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science · doi:10.1080/21639159.2024.2308285 · Cited by 9
“CBE (cognitive dimension and emotional component) was bor-rowed from the study of Hollebeek et al. (2014).”
MethodIntegrating the customer equity and brand equity approaches to the financial value of marketing
Calder, B. J., Malthouse, E. C., & Omatoi, J. (2024) · Journal of Marketing Analytics · doi:10.1057/s41270-024-00298-y · Cited by 15
Safitri, A., Husin, N., Arifah, I. D. C., Dewi, R. S., Kharisma, F., & Kautsar, A. (2024) · ASU International Conference in Emerging Technologies for Sustainability and Intelligent Systems (ICETSIS) · doi:10.1109/icetsis61505.2024.10459506 · Cited by 10
Resonance or resistance? The dual impact of green brand ritual on customer engagement behavior
Guo, R., Wang, J., Zhou, M., Cao, Z., Tao, L., Luo, Y., Zhang, W. D., & Chen, J. (2024) · Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing · doi:10.1108/jrim-12-2023-0444 · Cited by 9
Park, K., Cheng, Y., Jiang, H., et al. (2024) · Journal of Public Relations Research · doi:10.1080/1062726x.2024.2373252 · Cited by 9
“As prior literature (e.g., Hollebeek et al., 2014; O’Brien, 2016; Oh & Sundar, 2016; Smith et al., 2017), employees’ CSR communication engagement may consist of absorption, experience, and related behavioral outcomes.”
Yao, L., Ngai, C. S. B., Singh, R. G., & Chen, F. (2024) · Journal of Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10810730.2024.2378338 · Cited by 9
“In this context, engagement is defined as the public ’ s willingness to participate in interactions with particular engagement objects (Hollebeek et al., 2014), such as government social media accounts.”
Effect of consumer brand involvement on brand advocacy: a moderated mediation model
Cheung, M. F. Y., & To, W. M. (2024) · The Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice · doi:10.1080/10696679.2024.2427207 · Cited by 15
“Brand involvement is considered a key predictor of brand engagement (Adhikari & Panda, 2019; de Vries & Carlson, 2014; Hollebeek et al., 2014).”
Metaverse for digital health solutions
Shamim, N., Wei, M., Gupta, S., Verma, D. S., Abdollahi, S., & Shin, M. M. (2025) · International Journal of Information Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2025.102869 · Cited by 8
Influencing mechanisms of live streamer's language strategies on product sales
Ma, X., Ren, J., Khor, X., Wang, R., Li, T., & Lang, X. (2025) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2025.104291 · Cited by 9
Chatterjee, R., George, S. R., Verma, J. S., Heggde, G. S., & Gadhavi, D. D. (2025) · Journal of Service Theory and Practice · doi:10.1108/jstp-08-2024-0258 · Cited by 9
Arfat, Y., Shahid, M. K., Altayyar, R. S., Mahmood, K., & Alghamdi, A. (2025) · Sustainable Futures · doi:10.1016/j.sftr.2025.100887 · Cited by 20
Role of traditional and social media in developing consumer‐based brand equity
Zubair, A., Baharun, R., & Kiran, F. (2020) · Journal of Public Affairs · doi:10.1002/pa.2469 · Cited by 9
A Negative Actor Engagement Scale for Online Knowledge-Sharing Platforms
Li, L. P., Frethey‐Bentham, C., Jurić, B., & Brodie, R. J. (2021) · Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ) · doi:10.1177/18393349211022044 · Cited by 9
“Furthermore, positive and negative engagement have been regarded as two ends on the same scale (Hollebeek et al., 2014).”
BackgroundSelf-citationInvestigating The Antecedents of Consumer Brand Engagement to Luxury Brands on Social Media
Febrian, A., & Ahluwalia, L. (2021) · Indonesian Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship · doi:10.17358/ijbe.7.3.245 · Cited by 11
“Considering that customers in luxury brands need a community to express themselves in social practices in society through various media (Hollebeek, Juric, and Tang 2017).”
BackgroundMcLaughlin, C., Haverila, K. C., & Haverila, M. J. (2021) · Journal of Brand Management · doi:10.1057/s41262-021-00262-6 · Cited by 9
“Others have utilized larger categories to encompass many of these same concepts into cognitive, affective, and behavioural dimensions (Baldus et al. 2015; Cheung et al. 2021; Hollebeek et al. 2014; Kaur et al. 2020).”
BackgroundHerlina, V., Yacob, S., Johannes, J., et al. (2022) · Put It Right Journal · doi:10.22437/pirj.v1i1.17183 · Cited by 9
Cultural Drivers of Health Engagement
Alkire, L., Myrden, S. E., Köcher, S., & O’Connor, G. E. (2022) · Journal of International Marketing · doi:10.1177/1069031x221127938 · Cited by 9
Tang, X., Jianping, Z., He, M., & Feng, C. (2023) · Electronic Commerce Research and Applications · doi:10.1016/j.elerap.2023.101272 · Cited by 10
Tan, C. S. L. (2023) · Journal of Strategic Marketing · doi:10.1080/0965254x.2023.2232791 · Cited by 10
The power of beliefs: how diversity advertising builds audience connectedness
Burgess, A. J., Wilkie, D. C. H., & Dolan, R. M. (2024) · European Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1108/ejm-01-2023-0051 · Cited by 11
Roustasekehravani, A., Hamid, A. B. A., Haghkhah, A., et al. (2014) · Cited by 9
Smith, D., Hernández-García, Á., Peregrina, Á. F. A., & Hair, J. F. (2016) · International Conference on Social Media and Society (SMSociety) · doi:10.1145/2930971.2930992 · Cited by 8
“[41] demonstrate the relationship between fashion involvement and online brand engagement, and Rahman et al.”
BackgroundKatsifaraki, G. D., & Theodosiou, M. (2020) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.04.061 · Cited by 9
I heard it through the grapevine: managing and engaging customers on the web
Kemp, E., Porter, M., Fuller, N. R., & Min, K. S. (2020) · The Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice · doi:10.1080/10696679.2020.1750962 · Cited by 9
Co-creation of a food marketing offer by final purchasers in the context of their lifestyles
Baruk, A. I. (2020) · British Food Journal · doi:10.1108/bfj-05-2020-0404 · Cited by 8
The Role of Customer Engagement in the COVID-19 Era
Santos, S., Santo, P. E., & Augusto, L. (2021) · Advances in marketing, customer relationship management, and e-services book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-3919-4.ch005 · Cited by 10
Social Media Conversations About High Engagement Sports Team Brands
Chadwick, S., Fenton, A., Dron, R., & Ahmed, W. (2021) · IIM Kozhikode Society & Management Review · doi:10.1177/22779752211017275 · Cited by 9
“Dessart et al. (2015), Dwivedi, (2015) and Hollebeek et al. (2014) instead view engagement as being cognitive, emotional and behavioural, while Brodie et al. (2013) subsequently distils the debate into the notion that consumer engagement is essentially a multi-dimensional concept.”
BackgroundUtami, B. A., & Kurnia, K. (2021) · Jurnal Riset Manajemen Komunikasi · doi:10.29313/jrmk.v1i1.116 · Cited by 9
Mavens at Work: Brand Commitment and the Moderating Role of Market Mavens on Social Media Engagement
Goldring, D., Gong, B., & Gironda, J. T. (2021) · Journal of Promotion Management · doi:10.1080/10496491.2021.1989536 · Cited by 11
“Social media engagement is the state of being connected to and involved with a brand (Hollebeek et al., 2014) and is characterized by cognitive, affective, and behavioral processing while interacting with the brand in the context of social media (Dessart, 2017).”
BackgroundWhat Makes Brand Social Media Posts Engaging? An Integrative Framework and Future Research Agenda
Deng, Q., Hine, M. J., Ji, S., & Wang, Y. (2021) · Journal of Internet Commerce · doi:10.1080/15332861.2021.2011599 · Cited by 10
“Research agenda II: Re-consider consumer engagement as a MultiDimensional concept The concept of consumer engagement has received research attention since around 2005 (Hollebeek, Glynn, and Brodie 2014).”
BackgroundA touristic tale of four cities on instagram
Tugores-Ques, J., & Bonilla-Quijada, M. (2022) · Journal Of Vacation Marketing · doi:10.1177/13567667221078246 · Cited by 10
“A classic reference is Hollebeek et al., 2014, which highlights the combination of cognitive, emotional and behavioural aspects and (see also Rather and Hollebeek, 2021; Gupta et al., 2018) the latter being highlighted in a relevant study by Romero, 2018 relating to tourism.”
BackgroundShao, M., Xinjie, Z., & Li, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.903186 · Cited by 10
“…the importance of user engagement and loyalty, scholars have conducted a lot of research based on different scenarios, including brand engagement in offline consumption, user engagement in online brand community, and user engagement in social media (Claussen et al., 2013; Hollebeek et al., 2014).”
BackgroundThe manifestation of brand engagement in self-concept through customer word-of-mouth behavior
Leckie, C., Nyadzayo, M. W., & Johnson, L. W. (2022) · Journal of Strategic Marketing · doi:10.1080/0965254x.2022.2098525 · Cited by 10
“…the impact of brand engagement on word-of-mouth communication across online and offline contexts, future studies can adopt the CBE dimensions by Hollebeek et al. (2014) or capture the duality of engagement (i.e. brand and community) using a 22-item scale of consumer engagement proposed by…”
MethodMapping the Field of Social Media Engagement: A Literature Review Using Bibliometric Analysis
Kaur, A., Khandai, S., & Mathew, J. (2022) · FIIB Business Review · doi:10.1177/23197145221112734 · Cited by 10
“‘Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization, Scale Development and Validation’ (Hollebeek et al., 2014) with 810 citations is the most cited paper in which the authors furnish a philosophical framework for interpreting customer brand engagement with social media and also discuss…”
BackgroundInfluentialONUORAH, C. P., Ojiaku, O. C., & OLISE, M. C. (2022) · Management & Marketing · doi:10.52846/mnmk.20.2.01 · Cited by 9
Primate Portrayals: Narratives and Perceptions of Primates in Entertainment
Aldrich, B. C., Feddema, K., Fourage, A., Nekaris, K. A. I., & Shanee, S. (2023) · Developments in primatology · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-11736-7_17 · Cited by 10
Garbas, J., Blaurock, M., Büttgen, M., & Ates, Z. (2023) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.21788 · Cited by 9
Corporate communication on social media: a case study before and during pandemic COVID-19
Mušanović, J., Dorčić, J., & Gregorić, M. (2023) · Corporate Communications An International Journal · doi:10.1108/ccij-07-2022-0085 · Cited by 9
Shen, Z. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-14961-0_19 · Cited by 9
Observing customer stress and engagement: An intercultural perspective
Temerak, M. S., Zhang, R. W., & Lages, C. R. (2023) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.21791 · Cited by 11
Chung, & Hyeuk (2016) · International journal of Asia digital art and design · doi:10.20668/adada.19.4_91 · Cited by 9
Customer engagement: Developing an innovative research that has scholarly impact
Brodie, R. J., & Jurić, B. (2018) · Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science · doi:10.1080/21639159.2018.1466657 · Cited by 9
“For example, “Consumer brand engagement in social media: Conceptualization, scale development, and validation” by Hollebeek, Glynn, and Brodie (2014), develop the first scale to measure consumer brand engagement in social media.”
BackgroundSelf-citationJiang, W., Ko, E., & Chae, H. (2019) · Fashion & Textile Research Journal · doi:10.5805/sfti.2019.21.4.432 · Cited by 9
Kaushik, K., Mishra, A., & Dey, S. (2020) · European Sport Management Quarterly · doi:10.1080/16184742.2020.1776748 · Cited by 6
“Extant literature explores how SNS can serve as a consumer engagement tool for achieving the desired sponsor objectives (e.g. Abeza et al., 2015; Gillooly & Anagnostopoulos, 2017; Goh et al., 2013; Hollebeek et al., 2014).”
BackgroundSolem, B. A. A. (2015) · BIBSYS Brage (BIBSYS (Norway)) · Cited by 9
Emotional Engagement in a New Marketing Communication Environment
Chan‐Olmsted, S. M., & Wolter, L. (2018) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119167600.ch29 · Cited by 9
Hollebeek, L. D., Sprott, D. E., & Andreassen, T. W. (2019) · European Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1108/ejm-09-2019-969 · Cited by 11
Self-citationPhysiological Signals and Affect as Predictors of Advertising Engagement
Strle, G., Košir, A., & Burnik, U. (2023) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s23156916 · Cited by 10
“For example, [12] examined engagement in terms of behavioral manifestations in the consumer–brand relationship, while [5,11] focused on affective responses to ads.”
BackgroundPublic health emergencies and travelers' review efforts
Zhang, Z., Wang, B., Law, R., & Yu, H. (2024) · Annals of Tourism Research · doi:10.1016/j.annals.2024.103769 · Cited by 9
de Assis, W. M., & Vilela, B. D. A. (2024) · International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing · doi:10.1108/ijphm-06-2023-0057 · Cited by 13
Lai, C., & Nguyen, D. T. (2024) · Nonprofit Management and Leadership · doi:10.1002/nml.21632 · Cited by 8
Rather, R. A., Hollebeek, L. D., Wait, M., & Khan, I. M. (2025) · Current Issues in Tourism · doi:10.1080/13683500.2024.2435420 · Cited by 9
“Though tourists’ engagement has developed into a key firm metric (Hollebeek et al., 2014; Rather et al., 2019; Taheri et al., 2019), its conceptualisation is debated (Abbasi et al., 2022, 2023; Ghali et al., 2024b, Kim & Barber, 2022).”
InfluentialSelf-citationFilipović, J., & Šapić, S. (2025) · International Communication of Chinese Culture · doi:10.1007/s40636-025-00324-3 · Cited by 15
“Variables related to consumer engagement were informed by the studies of Khan et al. (2022) and Hollebeek et al. (2014), while those concerning purchase intentions were derived from Yin and Qui (2021) and Pillai et al. (2020).”
Song, C., & Kim, E. (2025) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs15040458 · Cited by 9
“For instance, brand engagement mediates the effects of brand involvement on self-brand connection and brand usage intentions (L. D. Hollebeek et al., 2014).”
Loyalty beyond transactions: the role of perceived brand ethics in e-commerce
Peña-García, N., & ter Horst, E. (2025) · Frontiers in Communication · doi:10.3389/fcomm.2025.1605171 · Cited by 14
Engaged to Gain: How psychological needs drive integrative benefits via online customer engagement
Roopak, R., Chakrabarti, S., & Sreen, N. (2025) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2025.104383 · Cited by 8
Mapping the digital transformation in the fashion industry: the past, present and future
Liu, S., & Liu, C. (2025) · Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management · doi:10.1108/jfmm-09-2024-0380 · Cited by 8
Consumers’ climate change engagement: Conceptualization, scale development, and assessment
Köcher, S., Alkire, L., Köcher, S., Myrden, S. E., & O’Connor, G. E. (2025) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2025.115568 · Cited by 9
Utami, H. N., Elfa, M. O. J., Wiyono, S. N., Sari, D. N., & Perdana, T. (2025) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su17178061 · Cited by 18
Shabankareh, M., Daronkola, H. K., Sarhadi, A., Thaichon, P., & Nazarian, A. (2025) · International Journal of Advertising · doi:10.1080/02650487.2025.2557053 · Cited by 16
“OBE was gauged using 10 items adopted from (Hollebeek, Glynn, and Brodie 2014).”
Nguyen, T. D. X., & Nguyen, K. M. (2025) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2025.104646 · Cited by 14
Patterns of publications in social media-based co-creation: a bibliometric analysis
Kargaran, S., Shahri, M. H., Ghorbani, Z., Saberi, A., Jamali, S. M., & Ebrahim, N. A. (2022) · VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems · doi:10.1108/vjikms-09-2021-0222 · Cited by 8
Ho, C.-I., Chen, Y., & Chu, J.-Y. (2022) · Cogent Social Sciences · doi:10.1080/23311886.2022.2042113 · Cited by 8
“Therefore, consumers who are highly committed to a brand community exhibit more brand loyalty (Hollebeek et al., 2014), whose findings indicated that SNS users’ satisfaction may influence their attitudes and loyalty.”
BackgroundInfluentialKeng, C., Liu, H.-Y., & Chen, Y.-H. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-14961-0_10 · Cited by 9
Geldres-Weiss, S. L., Boluda, I. K., & López, N. V. (2023) · European Journal of Management and Business Economics · doi:10.1108/ejmbe-04-2022-0121 · Cited by 11
Raichur, V. G., Sharma, D., & Kalro, A. D. (2023) · Information Systems and e-Business Management · doi:10.1007/s10257-023-00630-6 · Cited by 13
“Research in the past decade has shown that customers have rapidly adopted social media to engage with brands and firms (Hollebeek et al. 2014).”
InfluentialKiran, F., Lodhi, S. A., Shabbir, R., & Zubair, A. (2023) · Journal of Promotion Management · doi:10.1080/10496491.2023.2251466 · Cited by 10
“Engagement within BCs is characterized by the extent of communication between consumers and the brand (Hollebeek et al., 2014; Usman & Okafor, 2019) to foster the creation, growth, and strengthening of consumer-brand relationships (Zaglia, 2013).”
BackgroundThe Role of Social Media in Healthcare Marketing
Todua, N., Jashi, C., & Todua, N. (2023) · Advances in healthcare information systems and administration book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-0679-6.ch002 · Cited by 8
Yadav, G. N. S., & Seranmadevi, R. (2024) · Advances in web technologies and engineering book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-1762-4.ch005 · Cited by 9
Šerić, M., Vernuccio, M., & Pastore, A. (2024) · Corporate Communications An International Journal · doi:10.1108/ccij-05-2023-0081 · Cited by 8
Castro‐González, S., Bande, B., & Ferrín, P. F. (2024) · European Journal of Management and Business Economics · doi:10.1108/ejmbe-10-2023-0331 · Cited by 8
Can customer engagement in social media be used as a predictor of operating revenue in SMEs?
Matosas-López, L. (2024) · Journal of Open Innovation Technology Market and Complexity · doi:10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100380 · Cited by 8
Marketing Brexit: An exploratory study of young voter engagement in relation to the EU referendum
Pich, C., Harvey, J., Armannsdottir, G., Poorrezaei, M., Illodo, I. B., & Kincaid, A. (2018) · International Journal of Market Research · doi:10.1177/1470785318793260 · Cited by 9
“Although there is still debate on the forms of dimensionality, it is generally accepted among scholars that customer engagement includes cognitive, affective and behavioural dimensions (Brodie et al. 2011; Hollebeek et al. 2014; Dessart et al. 2016).”
BackgroundConsumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: A Pre-Registered Replication
Tunca, B. (2019) · Lund University Publications (Lund University) · Cited by 7
Pan, H. (2020) · Interdisciplinary Journal of Information Knowledge and Management · doi:10.28945/4536 · Cited by 8
“…interaction”; Affection refers to “a consumer’s degree of positive brand-related affect in a particular consumer/brand interaction”; Activation is defined as “a consumer’s level of energy, effort and time spent on a brand in a particular consumer/brand interaction” (Hollebeek et al., 2014, p.54).”
BackgroundInfluentialUm Modelo Integrativo do Engajamento do Consumidor com a Marca nas Mídias Sociais
Nery, M. M. R., Sincorá, L. A., Brandão, M., & Carneiro, T. C. J. (2020) · ReMark - Revista Brasileira de Marketing · doi:10.5585/remark.v19i1.11345 · Cited by 9
“19(1), pp. 53-80, Jan./Mar. 2020 consumidor com a marca nas mídias sociais (Chan & Ngai, 2011; Kim & Ko 2012; Hollebeek et al., 2014; Alhidari et al., 2015; Dijkmans et al., 2015).”
BackgroundInfluential
Metadata
- Authors
- Hollebeek, L. D., Glynn, M. S., & Brodie, R. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Waikato (NZ)
- Auckland University of Technology (NZ)
- University of Auckland (NZ)
- Corresponding author
- Hollebeek, Linda D.
- Glynn, Mark S.
- Brodie, Roderick J.
- Venue
- Journal of Interactive Marketing
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2014-05
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 149-165
- ISSN
- 1094-9968 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-6653
- OpenAlex
- W2061289966
- Cited by
- 3,276
- References
- 110
- Citations by year
- 2026: 392 · 2025: 370 · 2024: 349 · 2023: 398 · 2022: 363 · 2021: 334 · 2020: 316 · 2019: 259 · 2018: 196 · 2017: 159 · 2016: 92 · 2015: 41 · 2014: 7
- FWCI
- 323.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Locations
- Journal of Interactive Marketing (publishedVersion)
- Tuwhera (Auckland University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Massey University
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Marketing › Digital Marketing and Social Media
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Marketing › Consumer Behavior in Brand Consumption and Identification
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Marketing › Marketing and Advertising Strategies
- Keywords
- brand engagement, social media, scale development, consumer-brand relationships, consumer involvement, self-brand connection, cognitive processes, affect, activation, nomological network
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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