Training-related improvements in mental well-being through reduction in negative interpretation bias: A randomized trial of online socio-emotional dyadic and mindfulness interventions
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Effects of online contemplative practices, especially partner-based practices, on psychological well-being remain mixed, with sparse understanding of potential affective-cognitive mechanisms. The study aimed to assess the efficacy of two online contemplative interventions in improving depression, anxiety, emotion regulation (ER), and resilience, and to evaluate the mechanistic role of negative attention and interpretation biases. METHODS: Employing a randomized controlled design (n = 285), we compared the efficacy of 10-week online mindfulness-based and partner-based socio-emotional dyadic interventions, both supported by weekly coaching sessions. Mental health aspects were assessed using validated self-report measures and negative biases using the mouse-contingent Scrambled Sentences Task. RESULTS: Both interventions, compared to waitlist control, led to reductions in depression and ER difficulties, while trait anxiety decreased only after mindfulness training. Increases in multidimensional resilience were observed only after socio-emotional training and in stress recovery only after mindfulness-based training, both compared to waitlist control. Socio-emotional training led to significant reductions in negative interpretation bias and this mediated reductions in depression and trait anxiety. Neither training led to reductions in state anxiety or negative attention bias. LIMITATIONS: The subclinical nature and overrepresentation of females in the sample limits generalizability. CONCLUSIONS: Findings indicate that online mindfulness-based and socio-emotional partner-based interventions, supported by online coaching sessions, can reduce depression and ER difficulties. Though mindfulness practice reduced trait anxiety and enhanced stress recovery, socio-emotional training increased multidimensional resilience. Socio-emotional training reduced negative interpretation bias, which emerged as an intervention-specific mechanism. These findings highlight the potential benefits of online contemplative intervention approaches for psychological well-being.
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In a prior study using mental health data from phase 2 of the CovSocial project, MB and SE were equally effective in reducing depressive symptomatology and anxiety vulnerability compared to a waitlist control group.
“In a prior study [59] using the mental health data from phase 2 of the CovSocial project, we were already able to show that MB and SE were equally effective in reducing depressive symptomatology and anxiety vulnerability, compared to a waitlist control group.”
In that prior study, SE led to increases in multi-dimensional resilience.
“Moreover, MB led to increases in self-reported levels of stress recovery and SE led to increases in multi-dimensional resilience.”
In that prior study, MB led to increases in self-reported levels of stress recovery.
“Moreover, MB led to increases in self-reported levels of stress recovery and SE led to increases in multi-dimensional resilience.”
Mechanisms or treatment response predictors for partner-based practices such as contemplative dyads remain largely unexamined.
“Moreover, mechanisms or treatment response predictors for partner-based practices, such as contemplative dyads, remain largely unexamined given their novelty [59].”
Earlier observations show that only the SE, and not the MB, intervention increases positive interpretation bias, which in turn mediates decreases in depression and trait anxiety.
“earlier observations that only the SE, and not the MB, intervention increases positive interpretation bias, which in turn mediates decreases in depression and trait anxiety [59].”
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“These findings are also in line with earlier observations that only the SE, and not the MB, intervention increases positive interpretation bias, which in turn mediates decreases in depression and trait anxiety [59].”
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- Authors
- Godara, M., Hecht, M., & Singer, T.
- Affiliations
- Max Planck Society (DE)
- Helmut Schmidt University (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Godara, Malvika
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2024-06
- Volume
- 354
- Pages
- 662-672
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4392699254
- Cited by
- 12
- References
- 92
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3
- FWCI
- 6.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Max Planck Society
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Keywords
- online mindfulness intervention, interpretation bias, attentional bias, depression, anxiety, emotion regulation, resilience, stress recovery, online coaching, contemplative practice, mediation, psychological well-being
- MeSH terms
- Psychological Well-Being, Animals, Anxiety, Depression, Female, Humans, Mental Health, Bias, Mice, Mindfulness
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