Maternal stress in pregnancy: considerations for fetal development

DiPietro, Janet A.

doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.04.008

Cited by 224Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and PostpartumPrenatal Substance Exposure EffectsBirth, Development, and Health

Maternal stress in pregnancy: considerations for fetal development

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DiPietro, Janet A.·2012·Journal of Adolescent Health

DOI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.04.008PMC PMC3402207

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Abstract

There is significant current interest in the degree to which prenatal exposures, including maternal psychological factors, influence child outcomes. Studies that detect an association between prenatal maternal psychological distress and child developmental outcomes are subject to a number of interpretative challenges in the inference of causality. Some of these are common to many types of prenatal exposures that must necessarily rely on observational designs. Such challenges include the correlation between prenatal and postnatal exposures and the potential role of other sources of shared influence, such as genetic factors. Others are more specific to this area of research. These include confounding between maternal report of child outcomes and the maternal psychological attributes under study, difficulties in distinguishing maternal stress from more ubiquitous aspects of maternal personality, and the lack of association between cortisol and measures of maternal psychological stress. This article considers these methodological issues and offers an additional methodology focused on fetal neurobehavior for discerning potential mechanisms that may mediate associations between maternal psychological functioning and the developing fetal nervous system.

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Maternal physiology, particularly stress and nutrition, can greatly impact the neural and behavioral development of offspring.
“This is in keeping with a large body of research showing that maternal physiology, particularly stress (85–87) and nutrition (88–90), can greatly impact the neural and behavioral development of offspring.”
From Oxytocin during Development: Possible Organizational Effects on Behavior (2015) · cites this paper as [87]

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Effects of perinatal mental disorders on the fetus and child
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Pregnancy: An Underutilized Window of Opportunity to Improve Long-term Maternal and Infant Health—An Appeal for Continuous Family Care and Interdisciplinary Communication
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Effects of pre- and postnatal maternal stress on infant temperament and autonomic nervous system reactivity and regulation in a diverse, low-income population
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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MATERNAL DEPRESSIVE, ANXIOUS, AND STRESS SYMPTOMS DURING PREGNANCY AND ADULT OFFSPRING BEHAVIORAL AND EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS
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Prenatal maternal stress predicts stress reactivity at 2½ years of age: The Iowa Flood Study
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MATERNAL DEPRESSIVE, ANXIOUS, AND STRESS SYMPTOMS DURING PREGNANCY PREDICT INTERNALIZING PROBLEMS IN ADOLESCENCE
Betts, K. S., Williams, G. M., Najman, J. M., & Alati, R. (2013) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22210 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
The effects of maternal depression and maternal selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor exposure on offspring
Olivier, J. D. A., Åkerud, H., Kaihola, H., Pawluski, J. L., Skalkidou, A., Högberg, U., & Poromaa, I. S. (2013) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2013.00073 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Prenatal stress and depression associated neuronal development in neonates
Fatima, M., Srivastav, S., & Mondal, A. C. (2017) · International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2017.04.001 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Effect of socioeconomic status ( SES ) disparity on neural development in female African‐American infants at age 1 month
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Altered circadian patterns of salivary cortisol in low-functioning children and adolescents with autism
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Using a Developmental Ecology Framework to Align Fear Neurobiology Across Species
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Autism spectrum disorder and prenatal exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: A systematic review and meta-analysis
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A potential psychological mechanism linking disaster-related prenatal maternal stress with child cognitive and motor development at 16 months: The QF2011 Queensland Flood Study.
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Oxytocin during Development: Possible Organizational Effects on Behavior
Miller, T. V., & Caldwell, H. K. (2015) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2015.00076 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Prenatal stress due to a natural disaster predicts insulin secretion in adolescence
Dancause, K. N., Veru, F., Andersen, R. E., Laplante, D. P., & King, S. (2013) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2013.06.006 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Relationships, Regulation, and Early Development
Thompson, R. A. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118963418.childpsy306 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Epigenetics, maternal prenatal psychosocial stress, and infant mental health
DeSocio, J. E. (2018) · Archives of Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2018.09.001 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Prevalence and determinants of antenatal depression in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
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Influence of prenatal maternal stress on umbilical cord blood cytokine levels
Andersson, N. W., Li, Q., Mills, C. W., Ly, J. J., Nomura, Y., & Chen, J. (2016) · Archives of Women s Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-016-0607-7 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Pregnancy distress gets under fetal skin: Maternal ambulatory assessment & sex differences in prenatal development
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Impact of COVID‐19 on psychosocial functioning of peripartum women: A qualitative study comprising focus group discussions and in‐depth interviews
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Associations between maternal stress during pregnancy and offspring internalizing and externalizing problems in childhood
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Effects of Prenatal Stress on Behavior, Cognition, and Psychopathology: A Comprehensive Review
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Maternal stress and placental function, a study using questionnaires and biomarkers at birth
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Prenatal Stress, Partner Support, and Infant Cortisol Reactivity in Low-Income Mexican American Families
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Prenatal Adversities and Latino Children’s Autonomic Nervous System Reactivity Trajectories from 6 Months to 5 Years of Age
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Effect of socioeconomic status disparity on child language and neural outcome: how early is early?
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Prenatal Maternal Stress and the Risk of Asthma in Children
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Guided Imagery for Stress and Symptom Management in Pregnant African American Women
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Perceived Pregnancy Stress and Quality of Life amongst Iranian Women
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Variations in Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Children with Prenatal SSRI Antidepressant Exposure
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In utero exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals, maternal factors and alterations in the epigenetic landscape underlying later-life health effects
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Associations between psychological distress and hair cortisol during pregnancy and the early postpartum: A meta-analysis
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Maternal psychosocial stress and children’s ADHD diagnosis: a prospective birth cohort study
Okano, L., Ji, Y., Riley, A. W., & Wang, X. (2018) · Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1080/0167482x.2018.1468434 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Intimate partner violence, forced first sex and adverse pregnancy outcomes in a sample of Zimbabwean women accessing maternal and child health care
Shamu, S., Munjanja, S. P., Zarowsky, C., Shamu, P., Temmerman, M., & Abrahams, N. (2018) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5464-z · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Association of Preterm Birth and Socioeconomic Status With Neonatal Brain Structure
McKinnon, K. I. M., Galdi, P., Blesa, M., Sullivan, G., Vaher, K., Corrigan, A. E., Hall, J., Sánchez, L. J., Thrippleton, M. J., Bastin, M. E., et al. (2023) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.16067 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
The role of prenatal maternal stress in the development of childhood anxiety symptomatology: The QF2011 Queensland Flood Study
McLean, M. A., Cobham, V. E., Simcock, G. P., Elgbeili, G., Kildea, S. V., & King, S. (2018) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579418000408 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Effect of prenatal exposure to maternal cortisol and psychological distress on infant development in Bengaluru, southern India: a prospective cohort study
Nath, A., Murthy, G. V. S., Babu, G. R., & Renzo, G. C. D. (2017) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-017-1424-x · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Prenatal maternal stress is associated with toddler cognitive functioning: The Iowa Flood Study
Laplante, D. P., Hart, K. J., O’Hara, M. W., Brunet, A., & King, S. (2017) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2017.11.012 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Prenatal Stress, Poverty, and Child Outcomes
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Sexually dimorphic and interactive effects of prenatal maternal cortisol and psychological distress on infant cortisol reactivity
Giesbrecht, G. F., Letourneau, N. L., Campbell, T. S., & The Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition Study Team (2016) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579416000493 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Does Antenatal Maternal Psychological Distress Affect Placental Circulation in the Third Trimester?
Helbig, A., Kaasen, A., Malt, U. F., & Haugen, G. N. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0057071 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
DNA methylation mediates the effect of maternal cognitive appraisal of a disaster in pregnancy on the child’s C-peptide secretion in adolescence: Project Ice Storm
Cao-Lei, L., Dancause, K. N., Elgbeili, G., Laplante, D. P., Moshe Szyf, A., & King, S. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0192199 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Effects of opioids on the parental brain in health and disease
Swain, J. E., Ho, S.-H. S., Fox, H. C., Garry, D. J., & Brummelte, S. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2019.100766 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
The Association between Maternal Stress and Childhood Eczema: A Systematic Review
Chan, C. W. H., Law, B. M. H., Liu, Y.-H., Ambrocio, A., Au, N., Jiang, M., & Chow, K. M. (2018) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph15030395 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Associations among maternal socioeconomic status in childhood and pregnancy and hair cortisol in pregnancy
Enlow, M. B., Sideridis, G. D., Chiu, Y.-H. M., Nentin, F., Howell, E. A., Grand, B. A. L., & Wright, R. J. (2018) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.09.017 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Early and current life adversity: Past and present influences on maternal diurnal cortisol rhythms during pregnancy
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Adverse Intrauterine Environment and Cardiac miRNA Expression
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Prenatal meditation influences infant behaviors
Chan, K. P. (2014) · Infant Behavior and Development · doi:10.1016/j.infbeh.2014.06.011 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Maternal prenatal depression and epigenetic age deceleration: testing potentially confounding effects of prenatal stress and SSRI use
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Maternal psychological stress during pregnancy and risk of congenital heart disease in offspring: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Gu, J., & Guan, H.-B. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.002 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
The Effects of Environmental Adversities on Human Neocortical Neurogenesis Modeled in Brain Organoids
Sarieva, K., & Mayer, S. (2021) · Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences · doi:10.3389/fmolb.2021.686410 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Interactions of early-life stress with the genome and epigenome: from prenatal stress to psychiatric disorders
Cruceanu, C., Matosin, N., & Binder, E. B. (2017) · Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2017.04.001 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Associations of prenatal maternal stress with measures of cognition in 7.5‐month‐old infants
Merced‐Nieves, F. M., Dzwilewski, K. L. C., Aguiar, A., Lin, J., & Schantz, S. L. (2020) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.22059 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Psychoneuroendocrinology of Stress
Gunnar, M., Doom, J., & Esposito, E. A. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118963418.childpsy304 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Limited association between markers of stress during pregnancy and fetal growth in ‘Born into Life’, a new prospective birth cohort
Smew, A. I., Hedman, A. M., Chiesa, F., Ullemar, V., Andolf, E. G., Pershagen, G., & Almqvist, C. (2018) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/apa.14246 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Sexual Identity and Birth Outcomes: A Focus on the Moderating Role of Race-ethnicity
Everett, B. G., Limburg, A., Charlton, B. M., Downing, J. M., & Matthews, A. K. (2021) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.1177/0022146521997811 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
From Vulnerability to Neurotoxicity: A Developmental Approach to the Effects of Stress on the Brain and Behavior
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Self-citation
TO WHAT EXTENT DOES EXPOSURE TO PRENATAL STRESS AFFECT OFFSPRING BEHAVIOURAL OUTCOMES
Shah, A.-N. Y. (2020) · Pakistan Journal of Public Health · doi:10.32413/pjph.v9i3.305

Authors: DiPietro, J. A.
Affiliations: Johns Hopkins University (US)
Corresponding author: DiPietro, Janet A.
ORCID: DiPietro, Janet A.
Venue: Journal of Adolescent Health
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2012-08
Volume: 51
Issue: 2
Pages: S3-S8
ISSN: 1054-139X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.04.008
PMC: PMC3402207
OpenAlex: W2111026616
Cited by: 224
References: 104
Citations by year: 2026: 9 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 4
FWCI: 15.75
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Adolescent Health (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Public Health Service (NICHD 2 R01 HD27592-18)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD027592)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
Keywords: maternal stress, pregnancy, fetal development, child development outcomes, causal inference, confounding, maternal personality, cortisol, fetal neurobehavior, fetal nervous system, prenatal exposure
MeSH terms: Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Pregnancy Outcome, Prenatal Care, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Stress, Psychological, Maternal-Fetal Relations, Fetal Development

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Maternal stress in pregnancy: considerations for fetal development

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