Interventions for Adolescent Mental Health: An Overview of Systematic Reviews

In the paper

“AMSTAR rating ranged between 5 and 11 with a median score of 7.5.”

In the paper

“School-based suicide prevention programs suggest that classroom-based didactic and experiential programs increase short-term knowledge of suicide (SMD: 1.51; 95% CI: .57–2.45)”

• Also stated in: § School-based interventions · hedged

  “Interventions for primary prevention of suicide in university and other postsecondary educational settings suggest that classroom-based didactic and experiential programs increased short-term knowledge of suicide (SMD: 1.51; 95% CI: .57–2.45)”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [28] Harrod, 2014, Interventions for primary prevention of suicide in university and other post-secondary educational settings. status and date, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Another review evaluating community-based mental health and behavioral programs for low-income urban youth suggested that person-only interventions had a nonsignificant impact on improving mental health (measured by an aggregate outcome measure; SMD: .03; 95% CI: −.19 to .25)”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [33] Farahmand, 2012, Community-based mental health and behavioral programs for low-income urban youth: A meta-analytic review, Clin Psychol Sci Pract source

In the paper

“with no evidence of an effect on suicide-related attitudes or behaviors.”

• Also stated in: § School-based interventions · hedged

  “with no evidence of an effect on participant's suicide-related attitudes or behaviors; however, these findings are limited by the overall low quality [28].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [28] Harrod, 2014, Interventions for primary prevention of suicide in university and other post-secondary educational settings. status and date, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“A systematic review on the effectiveness of school nurse implemented mental health screening for adolescents in schools did not find any evidence of existing screening tools to detect mental ill health among adolescents in schools [22].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [22] Fothergill, 2003, A systematic review on the effectiveness of school nurse implemented mental health screening available for adolescents in schools, J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs source

In the paper

“while person plus environmental interventions (SMD: .27; 95% CI: .16–.37)”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [33] Farahmand, 2012, Community-based mental health and behavioral programs for low-income urban youth: A meta-analytic review, Clin Psychol Sci Pract source

In the paper

“A systematic review of 28 school-based prevention and early intervention programs for depression has shown some support for the implementation of depression prevention and early intervention programs in schools [23].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [23] Calear, 2010, Systematic review of school-based prevention and early intervention programs for depression, J Adolesc

In the paper

“AMSTAR ratings ranged between 4 and 7 with a median score of 5.”

In the paper

“and knowledge of suicide prevention (SMD: .72; 95% CI: .36–1.07)”

• Also stated in: § School-based interventions · plain

  “and knowledge of suicide prevention (SMD: .72; 95% CI: .36–1.07)”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [28] Harrod, 2014, Interventions for primary prevention of suicide in university and other post-secondary educational settings. status and date, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Evidence from school-based interventions suggests that targeted group-based interventions and cognitive behavioral therapy are effective in reducing depressive symptoms (standard mean difference [SMD]: −.16; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −.26 to −.05)”

• Also stated in: § School-based interventions · plain

  “It was found that CBT delivered to young people in secondary schools can reduce the symptoms of depression (standard mean difference [SMD]: −.16; 95% CI: −.26 to −.05)”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [24] Kavanagh, 2009

In the paper

“Meta-analysis was not conducted due to variations in interventions and outcomes.”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [18] O'Mara, 2013, What do we know about school mental health promotion programmes for children and youth?, Adv Sch Ment Health Promot source

In the paper

“However, meta-analysis was not done due to study quality.”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [19] Mason-Jones, 2012, A systematic review of the role of school-based healthcare in adolescent sexual, reproductive, and mental health, Syst Rev source

In the paper

“Evidence from 20 studies evaluating community-based creative activities (including music, dance, singing, drama, and visual arts) suggests some positive effect on behavioral changes, self-confidence, self-esteem, levels of knowledge, and physical activity [30].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [30] Bungay, 2013, The effects of participating in creative activities on the health and well-being of children and young people: A rapid review of the literature, Perspect Public Health source

In the paper

“Further evaluation of the abstracts and full texts resulted in the inclusion of 38 eligible reviews.”

• Also stated in: § Abstract · plain

  “A total of 38 systematic reviews were included.”

In the paper

“and anxiety (SMD: −.33; 95% CI: −.59 to −.06)”

• Also stated in: § School-based interventions · plain

  “and anxiety (SMD: −.33; 95% CI: −.59 to −.06) [24].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [24] Kavanagh, 2009

In the paper

“Evidence from a review evaluating primary prevention mental health programs for adolescents suggests that individually focused mental health promotion efforts and attempts to help negotiate stressful transitions yield significant mean effects on reducing problems and increasing competencies [32].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [32] Durlak, 1997, Primary prevention mental health programs for children and adolescents: A meta-analytic review, Am J Community Psychol source

In the paper

“Another review based on 15 studies on community-based parent training and social skills training for preventing depression suggested significant reductions in symptom and/or diagnostic measures at follow-up [31].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [31] Waddell, 2007, Preventing mental disorders in children: A systematic review to inform policy-making, Can J Public Health source

In the paper

“School-based mental health interventions specifically focusing on low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) suggest that the majority of the school-based life skills and resilience programs indicated positive effects on students' self-esteem, motivation, and self-efficacy.”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [19] Mason-Jones, 2012, A systematic review of the role of school-based healthcare in adolescent sexual, reproductive, and mental health, Syst Rev source

In the paper

“and environment-only interventions had a significant positive impact (SMD: .38; 95% CI: .15–.60) [33].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [33] Farahmand, 2012, Community-based mental health and behavioral programs for low-income urban youth: A meta-analytic review, Clin Psychol Sci Pract source

In the paper

“Eating Attitude Test at 6- to 12-month follow-up (SMD: .01; 95% CI: −.13 to .15)”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [43] Pratt, 2002, Interventions for preventing eating disorders in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“and social acceptance (SMD: −.03; 95% CI: −.10, .04) at 3-month follow-up.”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [43] Pratt, 2002, Interventions for preventing eating disorders in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Cognitive behavioral therapy compared to waitlist is effective in reducing remission (odds ratio: 7.85; 95% CI: 5.31–11.6).”

In the paper

“Exercise as a part of other comprehensive interventions was evaluated in four studies and showed a significant improvement in self-esteem (SMD: .51; 95% CI: .15–.88).”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [44] Ekeland, 2004, Exercise to improve self-esteem in children and young people, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Exercise when compared to psychological therapy and pharmacological treatment found no significant difference on depression (SMD −.03; 95% CI: −.32 to .26 and SMD: −.11; 95% CI: −.34 to .12, respectively) [46].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [46] Cooney, 2013, Exercise for depression, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“while there was no impact on dropouts (relative risk [RR]: 1.00; 95% CI: .97–1.04).”

In the paper

“Exercise when compared to psychological therapy and pharmacological treatment found no significant difference on depression (SMD −.03; 95% CI: −.32 to .26 and SMD: −.11; 95% CI: −.34 to .12, respectively) [46].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [46] Cooney, 2013, Exercise for depression, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“however, due to mixed findings and the high risk of bias, the efficacy of physical activity programs could not be concluded [45].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [45] Lubans, 2012, Review: A systematic review of the impact of physical activity programmes on social and emotional well-being in at-risk youth, Child Adolesc Ment Health source

In the paper

“while the impact on prejudice ranged between SMD −2.94 and 2.40.”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [35] Clement, 2013, Mass media interventions for reducing mental health-related stigma, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Due to small number of studies and large heterogeneity in terms of study length, sample size, assessment of outcomes, and participants, meta-analysis was not conducted.”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [45] Lubans, 2012, Review: A systematic review of the impact of physical activity programmes on social and emotional well-being in at-risk youth, Child Adolesc Ment Health source

In the paper

“Exercise is found to be effective in improving self-esteem (SMD: .49; 95% CI: .16–.81) and reducing depression score (SMD: −.66; 95% CI: −1.25 to −.08) with no impact on anxiety scores.”

In the paper

“Evidence pertaining to mass media suggests that mass media–based behavioral treatments have a moderate effect”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [36] Musiat, 2014, Collateral outcomes in e-mental health: A systematic review of the evidence for added benefits of computerized cognitive behavior therapy interventions for mental health, Psychol Med source

In the paper

“Evidence on the use of exercise for depression compared to no treatment suggests significant impact in reducing depression from 35 trials (SMD: −.62; 95% CI: −.81 to −.42)”

In the paper

“Another review evaluating online youth mental health promotion and prevention interventions indicates that there is some evidence that skills-based interventions presented in a module-based format can have a significant impact on adolescent mental health; however, an insufficient number of studies limit this finding.”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [38] Clarke, 2015, A systematic review of online youth mental health promotion and prevention interventions, J Youth Adolesc source

In the paper

“Exercise alone was evaluated in eight studies showing significant impact on self-esteem (SMD: .49; 95% CI: .16–.81).”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [44] Ekeland, 2004, Exercise to improve self-esteem in children and young people, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“All included studies were conducted in high-income countries (HICs).”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [43] Pratt, 2002, Interventions for preventing eating disorders in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“The results from online interventions indicate significant positive effect of computerized CBT on adolescents' and emerging adults' anxiety and depression symptoms [38].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [38] Clarke, 2015, A systematic review of online youth mental health promotion and prevention interventions, J Youth Adolesc source

In the paper

“Two studies focusing on self-esteem approach showed no impact on close friendships (SMD: −.01; 95% CI: −.09 to .06)”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [43] Pratt, 2002, Interventions for preventing eating disorders in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“There is not enough evidence to suggest any harm from any of the prevention programs included in the review.”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [43] Pratt, 2002, Interventions for preventing eating disorders in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Combined data from two eating disorder prevention programs based on a media literacy and advocacy approach showed a significant reduction in the internalization or acceptance of societal ideals relating to appearance at a 3- to 6-month follow-up (SMD: −.28; 95% CI: −.51 to −.05).”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [43] Pratt, 2002, Interventions for preventing eating disorders in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Some studies suggested positive impacts on social and emotional well-being; however, due to mixed findings and the high risk of bias, the efficacy of physical activity programs could not be concluded [45].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [45] Lubans, 2012, Review: A systematic review of the impact of physical activity programmes on social and emotional well-being in at-risk youth, Child Adolesc Ment Health source

In the paper

“and bulimia at 12- to 14-month follow-up (SMD: −.03; 95% CI: −.16 to .10).”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [43] Pratt, 2002, Interventions for preventing eating disorders in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Evidence from four Internet-based prevention and treatment programs for anxiety and depression suggests early support for the effectiveness; however, more extensive and rigorous research is warranted to further establish the conditions through which effectiveness is enhanced, as well as to develop additional programs to address gaps in the field [39].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [39] Calear, 2010, Review of internet-based prevention and treatment programs for anxiety and depression in children and adolescents, Med J Aust source

In the paper

“Interventions focusing on eating attitudes and behaviors showed no impact on body mass index at 12- to 14-month follow-up (SMD: −.10; 95% CI: −.45 to .25)”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [43] Pratt, 2002, Interventions for preventing eating disorders in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Exercise is found to be effective in improving self-esteem (SMD: .49; 95% CI: .16–.81) and reducing depression score (SMD: −.66; 95% CI: −1.25 to −.08) with no impact on anxiety scores.”

In the paper

“A review evaluating the impact of mass media interventions from two studies suggests an impact ranging from SMD −.85 to −.17 on discrimination”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [35] Clement, 2013, Mass media interventions for reducing mental health-related stigma, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Psychological therapy when compared to antidepressants have comparable effect on remission, dropouts, and depression symptoms.”

In the paper

“Vigorous exercise when compared to no intervention led to reduced depression score (SMD: −.66; 95% CI: −1.25, −.08) with no impact on anxiety scores (SMD: −.48; 95% CI: −.97, .01) while vigorous exercise when compared to low intensity exercise and psychosocial interventions showed comparable results.”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [47] Larun, 2006, Exercise in prevention and treatment of anxiety and depression among children and young people, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Findings suggest that psychological therapy when compared to antidepressants had comparable effect on remission (OR: .62; 95% CI: .28–1.35), dropouts (OR: .61; 95% CI: .11–3.28), and depression symptoms (SMD: .16; 95% CI: −.69 to 1.01) while psychological therapy significantly reduced suicidal ideation (SMD: −3.12, 95% CI: −5.91 to −.33) when compared to antidepressant.”

• Also stated in: § Discussion · plain

  “Psychological therapy when compared to antidepressants had comparable effect on remission, dropouts, and depression symptoms.”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [49] Cox, 2012, Psychological therapies versus antidepressant medication, alone and in combination for depression in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Combination therapy significantly reduced depression symptoms (SMD: −.52; 95% CI: −.78 to −.26) compared to psychological therapy plus placebo [49].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [49] Cox, 2012, Psychological therapies versus antidepressant medication, alone and in combination for depression in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Findings suggest reduction in number of relapsed recurred (OR: .34; 95% CI: .18–.64) with no impact on suicide-related behaviors (OR: 1.02; 95% CI: .14–7.39) and dropouts (1.02; 95% CI: .38–2.79) [50].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [50] Cox, 2012, Interventions for preventing relapse and recurrence of a depressive disorder in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Findings suggest that psychological therapy when compared to antidepressants had comparable effect on remission (OR: .62; 95% CI: .28–1.35), dropouts (OR: .61; 95% CI: .11–3.28), and depression symptoms (SMD: .16; 95% CI: −.69 to 1.01) while psychological therapy significantly reduced suicidal ideation (SMD: −3.12, 95% CI: −5.91 to −.33) when compared to antidepressant.”

• Also stated in: § Discussion · plain

  “Psychological therapy when compared to antidepressants had comparable effect on remission, dropouts, and depression symptoms.”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [49] Cox, 2012, Psychological therapies versus antidepressant medication, alone and in combination for depression in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Findings suggest reduction in number of relapsed recurred (OR: .34; 95% CI: .18–.64) with no impact on suicide-related behaviors (OR: 1.02; 95% CI: .14–7.39) and dropouts (1.02; 95% CI: .38–2.79) [50].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [50] Cox, 2012, Interventions for preventing relapse and recurrence of a depressive disorder in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Combination therapy was also found to be comparable to antidepressant medications for remission (OR: 1.50; 95% CI: .99–2.27), dropouts (OR: .84; 95% CI: .51–1.39), suicidal ideation (OR: .75; 95% CI: .26–2.16), depression symptoms (SMD: −.27; 95% CI: −4.95 to 4.41), and functioning (SMD: .09; 95% CI: −.11 to .28).”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [49] Cox, 2012, Psychological therapies versus antidepressant medication, alone and in combination for depression in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Combination therapy was also found to be comparable to antidepressant medications for remission (OR: 1.50; 95% CI: .99–2.27), dropouts (OR: .84; 95% CI: .51–1.39), suicidal ideation (OR: .75; 95% CI: .26–2.16), depression symptoms (SMD: −.27; 95% CI: −4.95 to 4.41), and functioning (SMD: .09; 95% CI: −.11 to .28).”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [49] Cox, 2012, Psychological therapies versus antidepressant medication, alone and in combination for depression in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“CBT compared to waitlist was effective in reducing remission (odds ratio [OR]: 7.85; 95% CI: 5.31–11.6).”

• Also stated in: § Discussion · plain

  “CBT compared to waitlist was effective in reducing remission.”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [48] James, 2013, Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Psychological therapy when compared to combination therapy was effective in reducing remission (OR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.15–4.02).”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [49] Cox, 2012, Psychological therapies versus antidepressant medication, alone and in combination for depression in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Findings suggest that psychological therapy when compared to antidepressants had comparable effect on remission (OR: .62; 95% CI: .28–1.35), dropouts (OR: .61; 95% CI: .11–3.28), and depression symptoms (SMD: .16; 95% CI: −.69 to 1.01) while psychological therapy significantly reduced suicidal ideation (SMD: −3.12, 95% CI: −5.91 to −.33) when compared to antidepressant.”

• Also stated in: § Discussion · plain

  “Psychological therapy when compared to antidepressants had comparable effect on remission, dropouts, and depression symptoms.”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [49] Cox, 2012, Psychological therapies versus antidepressant medication, alone and in combination for depression in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Vigorous exercise when compared to no intervention led to reduced depression score (SMD: −.66; 95% CI: −1.25, −.08) with no impact on anxiety scores (SMD: −.48; 95% CI: −.97, .01) while vigorous exercise when compared to low intensity exercise and psychosocial interventions showed comparable results.”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [47] Larun, 2006, Exercise in prevention and treatment of anxiety and depression among children and young people, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“There was nonsignificant impact on participants lost to follow-up (OR: .93; 95% CI: .58–1.51) [48].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [48] James, 2013, Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Findings suggest that psychological therapy when compared to antidepressants had comparable effect on remission (OR: .62; 95% CI: .28–1.35), dropouts (OR: .61; 95% CI: .11–3.28), and depression symptoms (SMD: .16; 95% CI: −.69 to 1.01) while psychological therapy significantly reduced suicidal ideation (SMD: −3.12, 95% CI: −5.91 to −.33) when compared to antidepressant.”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [49] Cox, 2012, Psychological therapies versus antidepressant medication, alone and in combination for depression in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Combination therapy was also found to be comparable to antidepressant medications for remission (OR: 1.50; 95% CI: .99–2.27), dropouts (OR: .84; 95% CI: .51–1.39), suicidal ideation (OR: .75; 95% CI: .26–2.16), depression symptoms (SMD: −.27; 95% CI: −4.95 to 4.41), and functioning (SMD: .09; 95% CI: −.11 to .28).”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [49] Cox, 2012, Psychological therapies versus antidepressant medication, alone and in combination for depression in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Combination therapy was also found to be comparable to antidepressant medications for remission (OR: 1.50; 95% CI: .99–2.27), dropouts (OR: .84; 95% CI: .51–1.39), suicidal ideation (OR: .75; 95% CI: .26–2.16), depression symptoms (SMD: −.27; 95% CI: −4.95 to 4.41), and functioning (SMD: .09; 95% CI: −.11 to .28).”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [49] Cox, 2012, Psychological therapies versus antidepressant medication, alone and in combination for depression in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Findings suggest reduction in number of relapsed recurred (OR: .34; 95% CI: .18–.64) with no impact on suicide-related behaviors (OR: 1.02; 95% CI: .14–7.39) and dropouts (1.02; 95% CI: .38–2.79) [50].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [50] Cox, 2012, Interventions for preventing relapse and recurrence of a depressive disorder in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Combination therapy was also found to be comparable to antidepressant medications for remission (OR: 1.50; 95% CI: .99–2.27), dropouts (OR: .84; 95% CI: .51–1.39), suicidal ideation (OR: .75; 95% CI: .26–2.16), depression symptoms (SMD: −.27; 95% CI: −4.95 to 4.41), and functioning (SMD: .09; 95% CI: −.11 to .28).”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [49] Cox, 2012, Psychological therapies versus antidepressant medication, alone and in combination for depression in children and adolescents, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“A multimodal and multidisciplinary group-based treatment approach has shown to be most effective, and participants could benefit from the involvement of at least one health professional from a psychology or psychiatric background.”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [54] Deenadayalan, 2010, Day therapy programs for adolescents with mental health problems: A systematic review, Int J Allied Health Sci Pract

In the paper

“Among individual- and family-based interventions, interventions focusing on eating attitudes and behaviors showed no impact on body mass index, Eating Attitude Test, and bulimia.”

In the paper

“Long-term follow-up data were not available since most of the studies reported outcomes at short-term follow-up, and hence the extent to which the effects of programs were maintained over longer periods of time could not be evaluated.”

In the paper

“Evidence suggests that home-based multisystemic therapy resulted in improved externalizing symptoms, and they spent fewer days out-of-school and out-of-home placement.”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [53] Shepperd, 2009, Alternatives to inpatient mental health care for children and young people, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“School-based suicide prevention programs suggest that classroom-based didactic and experiential programs increased short-term knowledge of suicide and knowledge of suicide prevention with no evidence of an effect on suicide-related attitudes or behaviors.”

In the paper

“Evidence from digital platforms supports Internet-based prevention and treatment programs for anxiety and depression; however, more extensive and rigorous research is warranted to further establish the conditions.”

In the paper

“School-based suicide prevention programs suggest that classroom-based didactic and experiential programs increased short-term knowledge of suicide and knowledge of suicide prevention with no evidence of an effect on suicide-related attitudes or behaviors.”

In the paper

“Exercise was found to be effective in improving self-esteem and reduced depression score with no impact on anxiety scores.”

In the paper

“Meta-analysis could not be conducted in many of the included reviews due to heterogeneity in their populations, interventions, and outcomes.”

In the paper

“Behavioral therapy when compared to all other psychological therapies is reported to be equally effective for depression response (RR: .97; 95% CI: .86–1.09); remission (RR: .91; 95% CI: .8–1.04); response at follow-up (RR: .77; 95% CI: .59–1.01); depression severity (SMD: −.03; 95% CI: −.2–.15); and dropout (RR: 1.02; 95% CI: .65–1.61) [51].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [51] Shinohara, 2013, Behavioural therapies versus other psychological therapies for depression, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Behavioral therapy when compared to all other psychological therapies is reported to be equally effective for depression response (RR: .97; 95% CI: .86–1.09); remission (RR: .91; 95% CI: .8–1.04); response at follow-up (RR: .77; 95% CI: .59–1.01); depression severity (SMD: −.03; 95% CI: −.2–.15); and dropout (RR: 1.02; 95% CI: .65–1.61) [51].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [51] Shinohara, 2013, Behavioural therapies versus other psychological therapies for depression, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Behavioral therapy when compared to all other psychological therapies is reported to be equally effective for depression response (RR: .97; 95% CI: .86–1.09); remission (RR: .91; 95% CI: .8–1.04); response at follow-up (RR: .77; 95% CI: .59–1.01); depression severity (SMD: −.03; 95% CI: −.2–.15); and dropout (RR: 1.02; 95% CI: .65–1.61) [51].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [51] Shinohara, 2013, Behavioural therapies versus other psychological therapies for depression, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Evidence suggests that home-based multisystemic therapy resulted in improved externalizing symptoms, and they spent fewer days out-of-school and out-of-home placement.”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [53] Shepperd, 2009, Alternatives to inpatient mental health care for children and young people, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Exercise was found to be effective in improving self-esteem and reduced depression score with no impact on anxiety scores.”

In the paper

“There is lack of standardized interventions and outcomes due to which meta-analysis could not be conducted in most of the included systematic reviews.”

In the paper

“School-based suicide prevention programs suggest that classroom-based didactic and experiential programs increased short-term knowledge of suicide and knowledge of suicide prevention with no evidence of an effect on suicide-related attitudes or behaviors.”

In the paper

“Among individual- and family-based interventions, interventions focusing on eating attitudes and behaviors showed no impact on body mass index, Eating Attitude Test, and bulimia.”

In the paper

“Behavioral therapy when compared to all other psychological therapies is reported to be equally effective for depression response (RR: .97; 95% CI: .86–1.09); remission (RR: .91; 95% CI: .8–1.04); response at follow-up (RR: .77; 95% CI: .59–1.01); depression severity (SMD: −.03; 95% CI: −.2–.15); and dropout (RR: 1.02; 95% CI: .65–1.61) [51].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [51] Shinohara, 2013, Behavioural therapies versus other psychological therapies for depression, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Behavioral therapy when compared to all other psychological therapies is reported to be equally effective for depression response (RR: .97; 95% CI: .86–1.09); remission (RR: .91; 95% CI: .8–1.04); response at follow-up (RR: .77; 95% CI: .59–1.01); depression severity (SMD: −.03; 95% CI: −.2–.15); and dropout (RR: 1.02; 95% CI: .65–1.61) [51].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [51] Shinohara, 2013, Behavioural therapies versus other psychological therapies for depression, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Most of the evidence is from HICs, limiting the generalizability of the findings for LMICs.”

• Also stated in: § Discussion · plain

  “Findings from our review highlight that the existing evidence on mental health interventions for adolescents comes mainly from HICs.”

In the paper

“Evidence suggests that home-based multisystemic therapy resulted in improved externalizing symptoms, and they spent fewer days out-of-school and out-of-home placement.”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [53] Shepperd, 2009, Alternatives to inpatient mental health care for children and young people, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Exercise was found to be effective in improving self-esteem and reduced depression score with no impact on anxiety scores.”

In the paper

“Among individual- and family-based interventions, interventions focusing on eating attitudes and behaviors showed no impact on body mass index, Eating Attitude Test, and bulimia.”

In the paper

“however, these findings are limited by the overall low quality [28].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [28] Harrod, 2014, Interventions for primary prevention of suicide in university and other post-secondary educational settings. status and date, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“However, the small number of studies and the clinical diversity of participants, interventions, and methods of measurement limit the ability to draw conclusions [47].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [47] Larun, 2006, Exercise in prevention and treatment of anxiety and depression among children and young people, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“A multimodal and multidisciplinary group-based treatment approach has shown to be most effective, and participants could benefit from the involvement of at least one health professional from a psychology or psychiatric background.”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [54] Deenadayalan, 2010, Day therapy programs for adolescents with mental health problems: A systematic review, Int J Allied Health Sci Pract

In the paper

“Day therapy programs for adolescents with mental health disorders (including anxiety disorders, social phobia, and behavioral issues) suggest that it may be an effective intervention for adolescents with mental health disorders.”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [54] Deenadayalan, 2010, Day therapy programs for adolescents with mental health problems: A systematic review, Int J Allied Health Sci Pract

In the paper

“Most of the evidence is from HICs, limiting the generalizability of the findings for LMICs.”

In the paper

“Evidence from recent literature suggests interventions to support parenting offer much scope for improving mental health among children and adolescents later in life [58], [59], [60], [61], [62].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [58] Stewart-Brown, 2011, Parenting for mental health: What does the evidence say we need to do? Report of Workpackage 2 of the DataPrev project, Health Promot Int source
• Not checked yetcites [59] Barlow, 2015, Parent-infant psychotherapy for improving parental and infant mental health, Cochrane Database Syst Rev
• Not checked yetcites [60] Barlow, 2010, Group-based parent-training programmes for improving emotional and behavioural adjustment in children from birth to three years old, Cochrane Database Syst Rev

In the paper

“Long-term follow-up data were not available since most of the studies reported outcomes at short-term follow-up, and hence the extent to which the effects of programs were maintained over longer periods of time could not be evaluated.”

In the paper

“Evidence also suggests that ECD and parenting interventions can be implemented effectively in LMICs' schools and community settings; however, evidence for scaling-up and sustainability of mental health promotion interventions in LMICs needs to be strengthened [68].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [68] Barry, 2013, A systematic review of the effectiveness of mental health promotion interventions for young people in low and middle income countries, BMC Public Health source

In the paper

“Evidence suggests that early childhood development (ECD) interventions including stimulation in early childhood, preschool level interventions, and ECD consultations have shown to be effective in improving health behaviors, conduct problems, and social skills and are also low-cost interventions delivered in home and at school [63], [64], [65], [66], [67].”

What the sources say

• Not checked yetcites [63] Baker-Henningham, 2014, The role of early childhood education programmes in the promotion of child and adolescent mental health in low-and middle-income countries, Int J Epidemiol source
• Not checked yetcites [64] Walker, 2006, Effects of psychosocial stimulation and dietary supplementation in early childhood on psychosocial functioning in late adolescence: Follow-up of randomised controlled trial, BMJ source
• Not checked yetcites [65] D'Onise, 2010, Does attendance at preschool affect adult health? A systematic review, Public Health source