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Cited by 727Mental Health Treatment and AccessChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentSchool Health and Nursing Education

Prevention and early intervention in youth mental health: is it time for a multidisciplinary and trans-diagnostic model for care?

Open access
Colizzi, Marco, Lasalvia, Antonio, Ruggeri, Mirella·2020·International Journal of Mental Health Systems
DOI 10.1186/s13033-020-00356-9PMC PMC7092613
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Abstract

Background: Similar to other health care sectors, mental health has moved towards the secondary prevention, with the effort to detect and treat mental disorders as early as possible. However, converging evidence sheds new light on the potential of primary preventive and promotion strategies for mental health of young people. We aimed to reappraise such evidence. Methods: We reviewed the current state of knowledge on delivering promotion and preventive interventions addressing youth mental health. Results: Half of all mental disorders start by 14 years and are usually preceded by non-specific psychosocial disturbances potentially evolving in any major mental disorder and accounting for 45% of the global burden of disease across the 0–25 age span. While some action has been taken to promote the implementation of services dedicated to young people, mental health needs during this critical period are still largely unmet. This urges redesigning preventive strategies in a youth-focused multidisciplinary and trans-diagnostic framework which might early modify possible psychopathological trajectories. Conclusions: Evidence suggests that it would be unrealistic to consider promotion and prevention in mental health responsibility of mental health professionals alone. Integrated and multidisciplinary services are needed to increase the range of possible interventions and limit the risk of poor long-term outcome, with also potential benefits in terms of healthcare system costs. However, mental health professionals have the scientific, ethical, and moral responsibility to indicate the direction to all social, political, and other health care bodies involved in the process of meeting mental health needs during youth years.

AI snapshot

Written from the paper’s full text.

TL;DR

This narrative review argues that youth mental health care should move beyond secondary prevention toward primary prevention and early intervention, using a trans-diagnostic clinical staging model and integrated multidisciplinary services for ages 0–25. It synthesizes evidence on risk factors, prevention stages, and service models to support a youth-focused framework.

Key findings

  • Half of all mental disorders start by age 14, and mental health problems account for 45% of the global burden of disease across the 0–25 age span; up to 1 in 5 people experience clinically relevant mental health problems before age 25, with 50% already symptomatic by age 14.
  • Childhood adversities are shared risk factors across disorders; a WHO survey of 51,945 adults in 21 countries estimated that eradicating childhood adversities would reduce any lifetime mental disorder by 29.8%, adolescence-onset disorders by 32.3%, and childhood-onset disorders by 38.2%.
  • The paper proposes a trans-diagnostic clinical high-risk mental state (CHARMS) paradigm to intercept a wider range of lower-risk cases beyond ultra-high risk for psychosis, including sub-threshold bipolar and borderline personality symptoms and mild-moderate depression.
  • Integrated youth services such as Headspace expanded from 10 to more than 110 centers, reaching about 100,000 young people per year, and models like MCPAP, MHSPY, Jigsaw, and Youth space show positive access, satisfaction, and functional outcomes, though long-term efficacy evidence remains limited.

Methods

  • Narrative review with a literature search in MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus using terms describing risk factors, clinical staging, and multidisciplinary prevention and early interventions in youth mental health, with special attention to research from the past 25 years; some additional evidence was included if considered appropriate by all authors.
  • Studies were eligible if they assessed preventing strategies in youth in a trans-diagnostic and multidisciplinary approach; exclusions were studies not applying a clinical staging model for youth mental health in a trans-diagnostic framework, not investigating youth mental health service provision in a multidisciplinary framework, or primarily assessing older populations.
  • Main analysis was a narrative synthesis across the at-risk mental state concept, early-life psychosocial risk factors, prevention stages (promotion, universal/selective/indicated, secondary, tertiary), and integrated service models.

Limitations

  • The paper does not state a limitations section. Evident from the text: as a narrative review, it lacks systematic review elements such as PRISMA reporting, full search strings, and formal quality appraisal, so selection and synthesis may be non-exhaustive.
  • The paper itself notes evidence gaps: lack of studies assessing longer-term efficacy of collaborative care, especially in preventing poor outcome, treatment disengagement, and relapse; and absence of validated interventions to prevent multiple relapses.
  • It also states that vertical and horizontal integration of the enhanced primary care model with more specialized and intensive services is not covered in this reappraisal.

Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1186/s13033-020-00356-9

Cites

140 of 140 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Nothing to recompute.

Claims the paper makes

0 of 102 cited sources checked · 0 supported · 0 flagged

  • Premisecitation

    Half of all mental disorders start by 14 years.

    “Half of all mental disorders start by 14 years”
    • Also stated in: § The need for implementing prevention and early intervention in youth mental health · plain
      “50% of whom being already symptomatic by the age of 14 [14]”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [14] Kessler RC, Berglund P, Demler O, Jin R, Merikangas KR, Walters EE. Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005;62(6):593–602. source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • Premisecitation

    Stressful life events produce the most 'toxic' effect on children's stress system, raising the risk of subsequent development of stress-related mental difficulties, when experienced in the absence of a stable and supporting environment.

    “stressful life events produce the most ‘toxic’ effect on children’s stress system, raising the risk of subsequent development of stress-related mental difficulties, when experienced in the absence of a stable and supporting environment [34]”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [34] Shonkoff JP. Building a new biodevelopmental framework to guide the future of early childhood policy. Child Dev. 2010;81(1):357–67. source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • Premisecitation

    The relation between attachment difficulties and youth psychological problems is most likely bidirectional.

    “The relation between attachment difficulties and youth psychological problems is most likely bidirectional”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [38] Kobak R, Zajac K, Herres J, Krauthamer Ewing ES. Attachment based treatments for adolescents: the secure cycle as a framework for assessment, treatment and evaluation. Attach Hum Dev. 2015;17(2):220–39. source

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  • Premisecitation

    50% of people who experience clinically relevant mental health problems before age 25 are already symptomatic by age 14.

    “50% of whom being already symptomatic by the age of 14 [14]”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [14] Kessler RC, Berglund P, Demler O, Jin R, Merikangas KR, Walters EE. Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005;62(6):593–602. source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • Premisecitation

    Meta-analytic work strongly supports the effectiveness of youth prevention programs addressing child abuse, negative consequences of parents' divorce on children, substance abuse, and school-related problematic behaviors in reducing rates of psychosocial difficulties later in life.

    “Meta-analytic work strongly supports the effectiveness of youth prevention programs addressing child abuse [44], negative consequences of parents’ divorce on children [45], substance abuse [46], and school-related problematic behaviors [47] in reducing rates of psychosocial difficulties later in life [48].”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites [44] Davis MK, Gidycz CA. Child sexual abuse prevention programs: a meta-analysis. J Clin Child Psychol. 2000;29(2):257–65. source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [45] Lee CM, Bax KA. Children’s reactions to parental separation and divorce. Paediatr Child Health. 2000;5(4):217–8. source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [46] Tobler NS. Meta-analysis of adolescent drug prevention programs: results of the 1993 meta-analysis. NIDA Res Monogr. 1997;170:5–68.

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  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 7
  • May combine two claims. 15
  • The quote only partly states this claim. 1

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Premisecitation

    Problematic substance use including alcohol and illicit drugs is the main risk factor for incident DALY (9%) among people younger than 25.

    “with problematic substance use including alcohol and illicit drugs being the main risk factor for incident DALY (9%) [15]”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [15] Gore FM, Bloem PJ, Patton GC, Ferguson J, Joseph V, Coffey C, et al. Global burden of disease in young people aged 10–24 years: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2011;377(9783):2093–102. source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Premisecitation

    Among people younger than 25 years old, mental health problems, especially anxiety and mood disorders, are the main cause of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs).

    “Among people younger than 25 years old, mental health problems, especially anxiety and mood disorders, are the main cause of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs)”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [15] Gore FM, Bloem PJ, Patton GC, Ferguson J, Joseph V, Coffey C, et al. Global burden of disease in young people aged 10–24 years: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2011;377(9783):2093–102. source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Premisecitation

    Mental health problems account for 45% of the global burden of disease across the 0-25 age span.

    “accounting for 45% of the global burden of disease across the 0–25 age span”
    • Also stated in: § Results · plain
      “accounting for 45% of the global burden of disease”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [15] Gore FM, Bloem PJ, Patton GC, Ferguson J, Joseph V, Coffey C, et al. Global burden of disease in young people aged 10–24 years: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2011;377(9783):2093–102. source

      Not checked in the free run.

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    Premisecitation

    Internalizing and externalizing psychopathology predict psychosis-like experiences and vice versa.

    “internalizing and externalizing psychopathology predicting psychosis-like experiences and vice versa [40]”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [40] Lancefield KS, Raudino A, Downs JM, Laurens KR. Trajectories of childhood internalizing and externalizing psychopathology and psychotic-like experiences in adolescence: a prospective population-based cohort study. Dev Psychopathol. 2016;28(2):527–36. source

      Not checked in the free run.

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    Premisecitation

    A number of factors influence the person's mental health from before birth until early adulthood, after which mental health can still be significantly modulated but to a lesser extent.

    “Research evidence indicates that a number of factors influence the person’s mental health from before birth until early adulthood, after which mental health can still be significantly modulated but to a lesser extent [29]”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [29] Mustard JF. Brain development, child development—adult health and well-being and paediatrics. Paediatr Child Health. 1999;4(8):519–20. source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    Interventions addressing multiple co-occurring problems are more likely to impact positively on youth mental health, potentially interrupting the continuity between childhood internalizing and externalizing psychopathology and psychiatric disorders in adulthood.

    “interventions addressing multiple co-occurring problems are more likely to impact positively on youth mental health, potentially interrupting the continuity between childhood internalizing and externalizing psychopathology that may also co-occur with psychosis-like experiences on one hand, and psychiatric disorders in adulthood on the other.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    In the absence of secure attachment, neurodevelopment may be undermined, making the person more vulnerable to further environmental insults and subsequent development of both internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems, including anxiety, depression, substance misuse, maladaptive eating patterns, sexual risk behavior, and suicidality.

    “In its absence, neurodevelopment may be undermined, making that person more vulnerable to further environmental insults and subsequent development of both internalizing [36] and externalizing [37] behavioral problems, including anxiety, depression, substance misuse, maladaptive eating patterns, sexual risk behavior, and suicidality.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 2 sources checked
    • cites [36] Groh AM, Roisman GI, van Ijzendoorn MH, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, Fearon RP. The significance of insecure and disorganized attachment for children’s internalizing symptoms: a meta-analytic study. Child Dev. 2012;83(2):591–610. source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [37] Fearon RP, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, van Ijzendoorn MH, Lapsley AM, Roisman GI. The significance of insecure attachment and disorganization in the development of children’s externalizing behavior: a meta-analytic study. Child Dev. 2010;81(2):435–56. source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • May combine two claims. The quote only partly states this claim.

    Premisecitation

    Lifetime omega-3 fatty acid, vitamin, sulforaphane, and prebiotic supplementation are effective universal prevention interventions to support good mental health by reducing neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and microbiota dysbiosis.

    “lifetime omega-3 fatty acid [56–58], vitamin [57–59], sulforaphane [60], and prebiotic [61] supplementation to support good mental health by reducing neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and microbiota dysbiosis”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 5 sources checked
    • cites [56] Pusceddu MM, Kelly P, Stanton C, Cryan JF, Dinan TG. N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids through the Lifespan: Implication for Psychopathology. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2016;19(12):pyw078. source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [57] Dawson SL, Bowe SJ, Crowe TC. A combination of omega-3 fatty acids, folic acid and B-group vitamins is superior at lowering homocysteine than omega-3 alone: a meta-analysis. Nutr Res. 2016;36(6):499–508. source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [58] Kurtys E, Eisel ULM, Verkuyl JM, Broersen LM, Dierckx RAJO, de Vries EFJ. The combination of vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids has an enhanced anti-inflammatory effect on microglia. Neurochem Int. 2016;99:206–14. source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [59] Eryilmaz H, Dowling KF, Huntington FC, Rodriguez-Thompson A, Soare TW, Beard LM, et al. Association of prenatal exposure to population-wide folic acid fortification with altered cerebral cortex maturation in youths. JAMA Psychiatry. 2018;75(9):918–28. source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [60] Do KQ, Cuenod M, Hensch TK. Targeting oxidative stress and aberrant critical period plasticity in the developmental trajectory to schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 2015;41(4):835–46. source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Some health and social domains such as education, housing, nutrition, and healthcare have pervasive influence on low income settings, while lack of supportive environments and community networks may have more detrimental effects in urban areas with high population density or ethnic minorities.

    “some health and social domains such as education, housing, nutrition, and healthcare, have pervasive influence on low income settings, while lack of supportive environments and community networks may have more detrimental effects in urban areas with high population density or ethnic minorities [50, 51]”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 2 sources checked
    • cites [50] Castillo EG, Ijadi-Maghsoodi R, Shadravan S, Moore E, Mensah MO, Docherty M, et al. Community interventions to promote mental health and social equity. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2019;21(5):35. source

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites [51] Jané-Llopis E, Barry M, Hosman C, Patel V. Mental health promotion works: a review. Promot Educ. 2005; 12(Suppl 2):9–25, 61, 7.

      Not checked in the free run.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Indicated interventions have positive effects not only in reducing the presenting problem but also in improving other areas of psychosocial adjustment among at-risk students.

    “Results suggested that indicated interventions have positive effects not only in reducing the presenting problem but also in improving other areas of psychosocial adjustment [94].”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [94] Conley CS, Shapiro JB, Kirsch AC, Durlak JA. A meta-analysis of indicated mental health prevention programs for at-risk higher education students. J Couns Psychol. 2017;64(2):121–40. source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Pathways to mental disorders are pluripotent and trans-diagnostic.

    “increasingly clear evidence that pathways to mental disorders are pluripotent and trans-diagnostic [22]”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [22] McGorry PD, Mei C. Ultra-high-risk paradigm: lessons learnt and new directions. Evid Based Ment Health. 2018;21(4):131–3. source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    The development of services for indicated prevention has met the objectives of strengthening service engagement, reducing the duration of untreated illness, and liaising with secondary prevention interventions.

    “Research evidence suggests that the development of services for indicated prevention has met the objectives of strengthening service engagement, reducing the duration of untreated illness, and liaising with secondary prevention interventions [42].”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [42] WHO. Prevention of mental disorders. Effective interventions and policy options. Geneva: World Health Organisation; 2004.

      Not checked in the free run.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S3 (load-bearing).

    Interpretationreasoning

    Promotion programs require tailoring to the specific socio-cultural setting.

    “Most likely, promotion programs require tailoring to the specific socio-cultural setting.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Studies have shown that most primary care practices have enrolled in MCPAP, increasing young individuals' access to psychiatric services and overall satisfaction.

    “Studies have shown that most primary care practices have enrolled in the program, increasing young individuals’ access to psychiatric services and overall satisfaction [130].”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [130] Straus JH, Sarvet B. Behavioral health care for children: the massachusetts child psychiatry access project. Health Aff (Millwood). 2014;33(12):2153–61. source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

    Interpretationreasoning

    Research evidence summarized in this review suggests that health researchers and professionals as well as health service institutions and governments have to join forces to deliver integrated and multidisciplinary actions in mental health, especially in the early steps of the prevention chain.

    “Research evidence summarized in this review suggests that health researchers and professionals as well as health service institutions and governments have to join forces to deliver integrated and multidisciplinary actions in mental health, especially in the early steps of the prevention chain.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
    • Rests on an assumption: Promotion and prevention in mental health are not necessarily the responsibility of mental health professionals alone.
    • Rests on an assumption: The mental health care sector has among its prerogatives the provision of effective interventions from early stages of illness to long-lasting conditions.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    In Ireland, services called 'Headstrong' and 'Jigsaw' have developed, proving to be effective in facilitating access to community care to people aged 12-25 with emerging mental health difficulties.

    “In Ireland, services called ‘Headstrong’ and ‘Jigsaw’ have developed, proving to be effective in facilitating access to community care to people aged 12–25 with emerging mental health difficulties [134].”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [134] O’Keeffe L, O’Reilly A, O’Brien G, Buckley R, Illback R. Description and outcome evaluation of Jigsaw: an emergent Irish mental health early intervention programme for young people. Ir J Psychol Med. 2015;32(1):71–7. source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Depending on the presenting concern, the proportion of each delivered service can vary as well as the main service provider (general practitioner, psychologist, allied mental health etc.) and funding source.

    “Depending on the presenting concern, the proportion of each delivered service can vary as well as the main service provider (general practitioner, psychologist, allied mental health etc.) and funding source [137].”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [137] Rickwood DJ, Telford NR, Mazzer KR, Parker AG, Tanti CJ, McGorry PD. The services provided to young people through the headspace centres across Australia. Med J Aust. 2015;202(10):533–6. source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Studies have shown benefits of MHSPY interventions in terms of higher psychosocial functioning and family satisfaction as well as lower burden on services and risk to self and others.

    “Studies have shown benefits of MHSPY interventions in terms of higher psychosocial functioning and family satisfaction as well as lower burden on services and risk to self and others [131].”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [131] Grimes KE, Mullin B. MHSPY: a children’s health initiative for maintaining at-risk youth in the community. J Behav Health Serv Res. 2006;33(2):196–212. source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    In a decade, thanks to the creation of 'communities of youth services' (CYSs), Headspace has seen growing the number of its centers from 10 to more than 110, granting access to services to about 100,000 young people per year, including vulnerable, marginalized, and at-risk groups.

    “In a decade, thanks to the creation of ‘communities of youth services’ (CYSs), Headspace has seen growing the number of its centers from 10 to more than 110, granting access to services to about 100,000 young people per year, including vulnerable, marginalized, and at-risk groups [8].”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [8] McGorry PD, Mei C. Early intervention in youth mental health: progress and future directions. Evid Based Ment Health. 2018;21(4):182–4. source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisecitation

    Elements indicating best practice have been identified, including being highly accessible, acceptable, appropriate, and sustainable.

    “elements indicating best practice have been identified, including being highly accessible (affordable, convenient, timely, non-stigmatizing, flexible, inclusive, and awareness raising), acceptable (youth-friendly, confidential, respectful, engaging, responsive, competent, and collaborative), appropriate (early intervention focused, comprehensive, developmentally-appropriate, suitable to early st”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [138] Hetrick SE, Bailey AP, Smith KE, Malla A, Mathias S, Singh SP, et al. Integrated (one-stop shop) youth health care: best available evidence and future directions. Med J Aust. 2017;207(10):S5–18.

      Not checked in the free run.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable). May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    The continuity of youth mental health needs from an early age seems to go beyond the boundaries of what falls within the mental health professionals' competences and duties, putting at stake the epistemological status of psychiatry.

    “The continuity of youth mental health needs from an early age seems to go beyond the boundaries of what falls within the mental health professionals’ competences and duties, putting at stake the epistemological status of psychiatry.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
21 of 21

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Promotion and prevention in mental health are not necessarily the responsibility of mental health professionals alone.

    “Promotion and prevention in mental health are not necessarily responsibility of mental health professionals alone.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    The mental health care sector has among its prerogatives the provision of effective interventions from early stages of illness to long-lasting conditions.

    “The mental health care sector has among its prerogatives the provision of effective interventions from early stages of illness to long-lasting conditions.”
2 of 2

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • The marked benefits of early detection of STBs include acute suicide prevention and identification of at-risk children for early intervention.

    “the marked benefits of early detection of STBs, ranging from acute suicide prevention to identification of at-risk children for early intervention, when such interventions are potentially most effective18”

    From Asking Preadolescents About Suicide Is Not Associated With Increased Suicidal Thoughts (2026) · cites this paper as [18]

    The Background (page not provided) says screening and early detection may enable intervention before health problems worsen or begin. The Primary prevention section also describes identifying young people at clinical high risk for mental disorders. Neither passage establishes a benefit specifically for early detection of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) or acute suicide prevention. (LLM, conf=0.85)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. WHO. Mental health action plan 2013–2020. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2013.
  2. Birchwood M. Youth space and youth mental health. Eur Psychiatry. 2018;48:S7.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Colizzi, M., Lasalvia, A., & Ruggeri, M.
Affiliations
University of Verona (IT)
Corresponding author
Colizzi, Marco
ORCID
Venue
International Journal of Mental Health Systems
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2020-03-24
Volume
14
Issue
1
Pages
23-23
ISSN
1752-4458 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/s13033-020-00356-9
PMC
PMC7092613
OpenAlex
W3013568653
Semantic Scholar
3bc453fe077f87269b72f8b873fceffbdf36ae4f
Cited by
727
References
140
Citations by year
2026: 153 · 2025: 185 · 2024: 188 · 2023: 101 · 2022: 70 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 8
FWCI
8.10
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • International Journal of Mental Health Systems (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Institutional Research Information System (Università degli Studi di Trento) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Institutional Research Information System (University of Udine) (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › School Health and Nursing Education
Keywords
youth mental health, mental health prevention, early intervention, primary prevention, mental health promotion, multidisciplinary care, psychosocial problems, unmet mental health needs, integrated mental health services

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