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Cited by 295Early Childhood Education and DevelopmentChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentDevelopmental and Educational Neuropsychology

Demographic and familial predictors of early executive function development: Contribution of a person-centered perspective.

Open access
Rhoades, Brittany L., Greenberg, Mark T., Lanza, Stephanie T., Blair, Clancy·2011·Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
DOI 10.1016/j.jecp.2010.08.004PMC PMC3016464
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Abstract

Executive function (EF) skills are integral components of young children's growing competence, but little is known about the role of early family context and experiences in their development. We examined how demographic and familial risks during infancy predicted EF competence at 36months of age in a large, predominantly low-income sample of nonurban families from Pennsylvania and North Carolina in the United States. Using latent class analysis, six ecological risk profiles best captured the diverse experiences of these families. Profiles with various combinations of family structure, income, and psychosocial risks were differentially related to EF. Much of the influence of early risks on later EF appears to be transmitted through quality of parent-child interactions during infancy. Findings suggest that early family environments may prove to be especially fruitful contexts for the promotion of EF development.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.jecp.2010.08.004

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  • Harsh rearing, neglectful parenting, and/or low cognitive stimulation during childhood may contribute to poor executive function skills throughout the lifespan.

    “Additionally, harsh rearing, neglectful parenting, and/or low cognitive stimulation during childhood may contribute to poor EF skills throughout the lifespan (Rhoades et al., 2011).”

    From Assessment of executive functions in school-aged children: A narrative review (2022) · cites this paper as Rhoades et al., 2011

    The Ecological Factors Influencing Early Cognitive Development section reports a link between severe adverse rearing environments and EF deficits. The Discussion also connects sensitive parenting and access to cognitively stimulating materials with early EF development. Neither passage establishes that these effects persist throughout the lifespan; the study assessed EF at 36 months (Methods, Outcome Measures: Executive Function). (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Negative parenting characteristics, including disorganization and unpredictability, impede early executive function development in young children.

    “Unfortunately, this positive association between parenting and executive function development means that certain negative parenting characteristics such as disorganization and unpredictability hinders early development of these skills in young children (C.H. Hughes & Ensor, 2009;Rhoades, Greenberg, Lanza, & Blair, 2011).”

    From Assessing Executive Function in Preschoolers (2012) · cites this paper as Rhoades, Greenberg, Lanza, & Blair, 2011

  • The family environment, especially parenting styles, has significant implications for the development of executive function.

    “Consistent with this notion, research has demonstrated that the family environment, in particular parenting styles, has important implications to executive function development (C.Hughes, 2011;Rhoades, Greenberg, Lanza, & Blair, 2011).”

    From Assessing Executive Function in Preschoolers (2012) · cites this paper as Rhoades, Greenberg, Lanza, & Blair, 2011

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7 of the 135 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Blair C Willoughby M Mills-Koonce R Granger DG Greenberg MT Key Family Life Project Investigators The measurement of executive function in 3-year-olds: Early prediction from child and family characteristics in a population-based, longitudinal sample (under review)

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Authors
Rhoades, B. L., Greenberg, M. T., Lanza, S. T., & Blair, C.
Affiliations
  • Pennsylvania State University (US)
  • New York University (US)
Corresponding author
Rhoades, Brittany L.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2011-03
Volume
108
Issue
3
Pages
638-662
ISSN
0022-0965 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jecp.2010.08.004
PMC
PMC3016464
OpenAlex
W2067118148
Cited by
295
References
135
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 11
FWCI
35.95
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of Experimental Child Psychology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (P50DA010075, R03DA023032, T32 DA017629, P01HD39667)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (P50DA010075, R03DA023032, T32 DA017629, P01HD39667)
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P50DA010075, R03DA023032, T32 DA017629, P01HD39667)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Education › Early Childhood Education and Development
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
Keywords
executive function, early childhood development, family environment, family structure, low-income households, parent-child interaction, psychosocial risks, household income, infancy, person-centered approach
MeSH terms
Adult, Affect, Child Development, Child, Preschool, Cognition Disorders, Educational Status, Family, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Infant, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Mothers, North Carolina, Parent-Child Relations, Pennsylvania, Poverty, Risk Factors, Smoking, Social Support, Socioeconomic Factors, Stress, Psychological, Task Performance and Analysis, Marital Status, Executive Function

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