Cited by 3,536Arsenic contamination and mitigationAdsorption and biosorption for pollutant removalEnvironmental remediation with nanomaterials

Arsenic removal from water/wastewater using adsorbents—A critical review

Mohan, Dinesh, Pittman, Charles U.·2007·Journal of Hazardous Materials

Abstract

Arsenic's history in science, medicine and technology has been overshadowed by its notoriety as a poison in homicides. Arsenic is viewed as being synonymous with toxicity. Dangerous arsenic concentrations in natural waters is now a worldwide problem and often referred to as a 20th-21st century calamity. High arsenic concentrations have been reported recently from the USA, China, Chile, Bangladesh, Taiwan, Mexico, Argentina, Poland, Canada, Hungary, Japan and India. Among 21 countries in different parts of the world affected by groundwater arsenic contamination, the largest population at risk is in Bangladesh followed by West Bengal in India. Existing overviews of arsenic removal include technologies that have traditionally been used (oxidation, precipitation/coagulation/membrane separation) with far less attention paid to adsorption. No previous review is available where readers can get an overview of the sorption capacities of both available and developed sorbents used for arsenic remediation together with the traditional remediation methods. We have incorporated most of the valuable available literature on arsenic remediation by adsorption ( approximately 600 references). Existing purification methods for drinking water; wastewater; industrial effluents, and technological solutions for arsenic have been listed. Arsenic sorption by commercially available carbons and other low-cost adsorbents are surveyed and critically reviewed and their sorption efficiencies are compared. Arsenic adsorption behavior in presence of other impurities has been discussed. Some commercially available adsorbents are also surveyed. An extensive table summarizes the sorption capacities of various adsorbents. Some low-cost adsorbents are superior including treated slags, carbons developed from agricultural waste (char carbons and coconut husk carbons), biosorbents (immobilized biomass, orange juice residue), goethite and some commercial adsorbents, which include resins, gels, silica, treated silica tested for arsenic removal come out to be superior. Immobilized biomass adsorbents offered outstanding performances. Desorption of arsenic followed by regeneration of sorbents has been discussed. Strong acids and bases seem to be the best desorbing agents to produce arsenic concentrates. Arsenic concentrate treatment and disposal obtained is briefly addressed. This issue is very important but much less discussed.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.01.006

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Authors
Mohan, D., & Pittman, C. U.
Affiliations
  • Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (IN)
  • Mississippi State University (US)
Corresponding author
Mohan, Dinesh
Venue
Journal of Hazardous Materials
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2007-04
Volume
142
Issue
1-2
Pages
1-53
ISSN
0304-3894 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2125266999
Cited by
3,536
References
570
Citations by year
2026: 98 · 2025: 116 · 2024: 152 · 2023: 165 · 2022: 204 · 2021: 231 · 2020: 241 · 2019: 259 · 2018: 222 · 2017: 257 · 2016: 257 · 2015: 251 · 2014: 239 · 2013: 227 · 2012: 187
FWCI
6.74
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Hazardous Materials (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Arsenic contamination and mitigation
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Environmental remediation with nanomaterials
Keywords
arsenic removal, adsorption, sorption capacity, low-cost adsorbent, biosorbent, immobilized biomass, goethite, silica adsorbent, desorption, adsorbent regeneration, groundwater arsenic contamination, drinking water treatment, wastewater treatment, industrial wastewater
MeSH terms
Adsorption, Arsenic, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Environmental Restoration and Remediation

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