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Cited by 133Stress Responses and CortisolGut microbiota and healthCancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response

Stress induces the translocation of cutaneous and gastrointestinal microflora to secondary lymphoid organs of C57BL/6 mice

Bailey, Michael T., Engler, Harald, Sheridan, John F.·2006·Journal of Neuroimmunology
DOI 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2005.09.008
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Abstract

Mammals are colonized by a vast array of bacteria that reside as part of the host's microflora. Despite their enormous levels, these microorganisms tend to be restricted to cutaneous and mucosal surfaces. In the current experiment, only a small percentage of non-stressed mice exhibited detectable levels of bacteria in their inguinal lymph nodes (ILN), spleen, liver, or mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). However, after experiencing repeated social disruption (SDR), a significant increase in the number of animals having bacteria in their ILN and MLN was found. Since SDR involves fighting in which bite wounds on the skin could provide a portal of entry into the host, it was determined whether experimental wounding (full-thickness skin biopsy), chronic restraint (which is a potent stressor that does not disrupt the skin barrier), or wounding combined with restraint would increase the occurrence of bacteria in secondary lymphoid tissues and liver. Wounding did not significantly increase the prevalence of bacteria in the ILN, MLN, or liver. Interestingly, a larger percentage of restrained and restrained plus wounded mice, in comparison to controls, had bacteria in the ILN, MLN, and liver. Although the stressors increased the number of animals that became colonized, the levels of bacteria in the stressed mice were similar to the levels found in the few non-stressed mice that did become colonized. Our results indicate that psychological components of social stress facilitate the translocation of indigenous bacteria into the host, thus identifying an additional facet through which stressors may impact health.

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  • Increased intestinal permeability caused by stress allows microbiota to cross the gut epithelial barrier to trigger mucosal immune reactions and then transfer to secondary lymphoid organs to activate the innate immune system.

    “Increased intestinal permeability caused by stress allows microbiota to cross the gut epithelial barrier to trigger the mucosal immune reactions (42) and then transfer to secondary lymphoid organs (46) to activate the innate immune system.”

    From Stress triggers flare of inflammatory bowel disease in children and adults (2019) · cites this paper as [46]

  • Stress can break established tolerance and augments immune responses in chronic intestinal inflammation.

    “Stress can also break the established tolerance and augments immune responses in chronic intestinal inflammation.”

    From Stress triggers flare of inflammatory bowel disease in children and adults (2019) · cites this paper as [46]

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Authors
Bailey, M. T., Engler, H., & Sheridan, J. F.
Affiliations
The Ohio State University (US)
Corresponding author
Bailey, Michael T.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Neuroimmunology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2006-02
Volume
171
Issue
1-2
Pages
29-37
ISSN
0165-5728 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jneuroim.2005.09.008
OpenAlex
W2038270610
Cited by
133
References
61
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 10
FWCI
2.50
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Neuroimmunology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH046801, R01-MH46801)
  • National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (T32 DE14320, T32DE014320)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Cancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response
Keywords
psychological stress, bacterial translocation, secondary lymphoid organs, gut microbiota, skin microbiome, social stress, social disruption, inguinal lymph nodes, mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen, liver colonization, C57BL/6 mice
MeSH terms
Animals, Biopsy, Cell Movement, Digestive System, Lymph Nodes, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Random Allocation, Restraint, Physical, Skin, Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms, Stress, Physiological, Bacterial Translocation, Mice

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