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Cited by 83Smoking Behavior and CessationMindfulness and Compassion InterventionsSubstance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes

Randomized trial comparing mindfulness training for smokers to a matched control

Open access
Davis, James M., Manley, Alison R., Goldberg, Simon B., Smith, Stevens S., Jorenby, Douglas E.·2014·Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment
DOI 10.1016/j.jsat.2014.04.005PMC PMC4121076
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Abstract

Smoking continues to take an enormous toll on society, and although most smokers would like to quit, most are unsuccessful using existing therapies. These findings call on researchers to develop and test therapies that provide higher rates of long-term smoking abstinence. We report results of a randomized controlled trial comparing a novel smoking cessation treatment using mindfulness training to a matched control based on the American Lung Association's Freedom From Smoking program. Data were collected on 175 low socioeconomic status smokers in 2011-2012 in a medium sized midwestern city. A significant difference was not found in the primary outcome; intent-to-treat biochemically confirmed 6-month smoking abstinence rates were mindfulness=25.0%, control=17.9% (p=0.35). Differences favoring the mindfulness condition were found on measures of urges and changes in mindfulness, perceived stress, and experiential avoidance. While no significant differences were found in quit rates, the mindfulness intervention resulted in positive outcomes.

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  • MBIs (e.g., MTS) showed significant improvements on self-reported measures of attentional control, emotion regulation, and mindfulness, and these measures were significantly correlated with meditation time and smoking abstinence versus Quit Line intervention or FFS.

    “MBIs (e.g., MTS) showed significant improvements on self-reported measures of attentional control, emotion regulation, and mindfulness. Post-treatment, these measures were significantly correlated with meditation time and smoking abstinence versus Quit Line intervention or FFS (55, 73, 74).”

    From Mindfulness-Based Interventions for the Treatment of Substance and Behavioral Addictions: A Systematic Review (2018) · cites this paper as [55]

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  • Some, but not all, studies and meta-analyses have found that meditation can decrease various forms of psychological and psychosocial distress such as perceived stress, anxiety, and negative affect; increase smoking cessation rates; and modestly lower systolic and diastolic blood pressures.

    “Some, but not all, studies and meta-analyses have found that meditation can decrease various forms of psychological and psychosocial distress such as perceived stress, anxiety, and negative affect; increase smoking cessation rates; and modestly lower systolic and diastolic blood pressures. 81,213-218”

    From Psychological Health, Well-Being, and the Mind-Heart-Body Connection: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2021) · cites this paper as [218]

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  • A study of mindfulness training for smokers found that mindfulness significantly reduced post-quit smoking urge ratings that were significantly associated with smoking abstinence.

    “a study of mindfulness training for smokers found that mindfulness significantly reduced post-quit smoking urge ratings that were significantly associated with smoking abstinence [54].”

    From Mindfulness-based treatment of addiction: current state of the field and envisioning the next wave of research (2018) · cites this paper as [54]

  • In individual studies, MBIs produced significant increases in emotion regulation, substance-related self-efficacy, and positive emotions.

    “In individual studies, MBIs produced a host of other significant salutary effects including increases in emotion regulation [41, 54], substance-related self-efficacy [65, 66], and positive emotions [33]”

    From Mindfulness-based treatment of addiction: current state of the field and envisioning the next wave of research (2018) · cites this paper as [54]

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Authors
Davis, J. M., Manley, A. R., Goldberg, S. B., Smith, S. S., & Jorenby, D. E.
Affiliations
University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
Corresponding author
Davis, James M.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014-09
Volume
47
Issue
3
Pages
213-221
ISSN
0740-5472 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jsat.2014.04.005
PMC
PMC4121076
OpenAlex
W2140524348
Semantic Scholar
cee1fb59357b10002713e26c932470b64bac94bf
Cited by
83
References
80
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1
FWCI
5.33
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • DukeSpace (Duke University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders
  • American Lung Association
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (K23DA022471)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Keywords
mindfulness training, smoking cessation, smokers, smoking abstinence, perceived stress, experiential avoidance, low socioeconomic status, matched controls
MeSH terms
Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nicotine, Patient Compliance, Tobacco Use Disorder, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Smoking Cessation, Treatment Outcome, Nicotinic Agonists, Meditation, Mindfulness

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