Efficacy of mindfulness-based addiction treatment (MBAT) for smoking cessation and lapse recovery: A randomized clinical trial.
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Addiction Treatment (MBAT) to a Cognitive Behavioral Treatment (CBT) that matched MBAT on treatment contact time, and a Usual Care (UC) condition that comprised brief individual counseling. METHOD: Participants (N = 412) were 48.2% African American, 41.5% non-Latino White, 5.4% Latino, and 4.9% other, and 57.6% reported a total annual household income < $30,000. The majority of participants were female (54.9%). Mean cigarettes per day was 19.9 (SD = 10.1). Following the baseline visit, participants were randomized to UC (n = 103), CBT (n = 155), or MBAT (n = 154). All participants were given self-help materials and nicotine patch therapy. CBT and MBAT groups received 8 2-hr in-person group counseling sessions. UC participants received 4 brief individual counseling sessions. Biochemically verified smoking abstinence was assessed 4 and 26 weeks after the quit date. RESULTS: Logistic random effects model analyses over time indicated no overall significant treatment effects (completers only: F(2, 236) = 0.29, p = .749; intent-to-treat: F(2, 401) = 0.9, p = .407). Among participants classified as smoking at the last treatment session, analyses examining the recovery of abstinence revealed a significant overall treatment effect, F(2, 103) = 4.41, p = .015 (MBAT vs. CBT: OR = 4.94, 95% CI: 1.47 to 16.59, p = .010, Effect Size = .88; MBAT vs. UC: OR = 4.18, 95% CI: 1.04 to 16.75, p = .043, Effect Size = .79). CONCLUSION: Although there were no overall significant effects of treatment on abstinence, MBAT may be more effective than CBT or UC in promoting recovery from lapses. (PsycINFO Database Record
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Vidrine 2016 observed no statistically significant or clinically meaningful difference between conditions for depression, perceived stress, negative affect, or positive affect at any time point.
“They analysed changes between quit date and six months and observed no statistically significant or clinically meaningful difference between conditions for any outcome.”
From Mindfulness for smoking cessation (2022) · cites this paper as Vidrine 2016
The Results section, “Effects of MBAT in Facilitating Recovery from a Lapse” (page unavailable), reports statistically significant differences between conditions, contrary to the printed sentence’s claim of no difference for any outcome. The paper’s mentions of depression, perceived stress, and affect in “Attrition and Sensitivity Analyses” concern missing-data comparisons, not treatment effects on those outcomes; they do not establish the narrower claim about those four outcomes. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPooled data from three studies comparing mindfulness training with an intensity-matched alternative smoking cessation treatment showed no evidence of benefit, with RR 0.99 (95% CI 0.67 to 1.46; I2 = 0%; 542 participants; low-certainty evidence).
“Pooled data showed no evidence of a benefit of mindfulness training, with a point estimate very close to the null (RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.46; I2 = 0%; 542 participants; low‐certainty evidence; Analysis 1.1).”
From Mindfulness for smoking cessation (2022) · cites this paper as Vidrine 2016
Split into 2 atoms — 0 confirmed, 2 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThere were no significant overall differences in abstinence rates across MBAT, CBT, and TAU, but MBAT showed benefits over CBT and TAU in promoting recovery from a lapse among participants who were not abstinent at the end of treatment.
“In another study (78) that evaluated the efficacy of MBAT versus CBT and TAU, there were no significant overall differences in abstinence rates across the three treatments. However, MBAT showed benefits over CBT and TAU in promoting recovery from a lapse among participants who were not abstinent at the end of treatment.”
From Mindfulness-Based Interventions for the Treatment of Substance and Behavioral Addictions: A Systematic Review (2018) · cites this paper as [78]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being
Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.84.4.822 · Cited by 13,448 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Furthermore, MBCT has demonstrated strong efficacy in preventing relapse to depression compared to alternative approaches (Brown & Ryan, 2003; Teasdale et al., 2002).”
Child abuse: Adolescent records vs. adult recall
Femina, D. D., Yeager, C. A., & Lewis, D. O. (1990) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/0145-2134(90)90033-p · Cited by 8,820 · see citing works
(2008) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 7,477 · see citing works
Mindfulness training as a clinical intervention: a conceptual and empirical review
Baer, R. A. (2003) · Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice · doi:10.1093/clipsy.bpg015 · Cited by 4,577 · cited 3× · see citing works
“…only across numerous disorders and populations, but that in many cases, MBSR was effective when the individual treatment groups themselves were heterogeneous with respect to the condition/disorder being treated (Baer, 2003; Chiesa & Serretti, 2009, 2011, 2014; Hofmann, Sawyer, Witt, & Oh, 2010).”
BackgroundMindfulness training as a clinical intervention: A conceptual and empirical review.
Baer, R. A. (2003) · Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice · doi:10.1093/clipsy/bpg015 · Cited by 4,576 · see citing works
Kabat-Zinn, J. (1982) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0163-8343(82)90026-3 · Cited by 4,255 · cited 2× · see citing works
“…et al., 2014; Aucoin, Lalonde-Parsi, & Cooley, 2014; Baer, 2003; Godfrey, Gallo, & Afari, 2014; Hatchard, Lepage, Hutton, Skidmore, & Poulin, 2014; Kabat-Zinn, 1982; Kabat-Zinn, Lipworth, Burncy, & Sellers, 1987; Kabat-Zinn, Lipworth, & Burney, 1985; Khoury, Lecomte, Fortin, et al., 2013; Khoury,…”
Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence: 2008 Update
Panel, T. U. A. D. G. (2008) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e566222009-001 · Cited by 3,864 · cited 11× · see citing works
“CBT utilized a fairly standard problem-solving/coping skills training approach based on relapse prevention theory (Marlatt & Gordon, 1985) and the Guideline (Fiore et al., 2008).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialThe effect of mindfulness based therapy on anxiety and depression: A meta analytic review
Hofmann, S. G., Sawyer, A. T., Witt, A. A., & Oh, D. (2010) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0018555 · Cited by 3,846 · see citing works
(2001) · Cited by 3,666 · see citing works
Treating tobacco use and dependence-Clinical practice guideline
Mc, F. (2000) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 3,616 · see citing works
(2005) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 3,197 · see citing works
Current Cigarette Smoking Among Adults — United States, 2016
Jamal, A., Phillips, E., Gentzke, A. S., Homa, D. M., Babb, S. D., King, B. A., & Neff, L. J. (2018) · MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report · doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6702a1 · Cited by 3,060 · see citing works
Current Cigarette Smoking Among Adults — United States, 2005–2014
Jamal, A., Homa, D. M., O’Connor, E., Babb, S. D., Caraballo, R. S., Singh, T., Hu, S., & King, B. A. (2015) · MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report · doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6444a2 · Cited by 2,544 · see citing works
Meditation Programs for Psychological Stress and Well-being: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Goyal, M., Singh, S., Sibinga, E. M. S., Gould, N. F., Rowland-Seymour, A., Sharma, R., Berger, Z., Sleicher, D., Maron, D. D., Shihab, H. M., et al. (2014) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.13018 · Cited by 2,380 · see citing works
Research design in clinical psychology
Kazdin, A. E. (1952) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/1097-4679(195201)8:1 · Cited by 2,153 · see citing works
Mindfulness-based therapy: a comprehensive meta-analysis
Khoury, B., Lecomte, T., Fortin, G., Masse, M., Therien, P., Bouchard, V., Chapleau, M.-A., Paquin, K., & Hofmann, S. G. (2013) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2013.05.005 · Cited by 2,003 · see citing works
The clinical use of mindfulness meditation for the self-regulation of chronic pain
Kabat-Zinn, J., Lipworth, L., & Burney, R. (1985) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf00845519 · Cited by 1,745 · see citing works
Chiesa, A., & Serretti, A. (2009) · The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine · doi:10.1089/acm.2008.0495 · Cited by 1,681 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…only across numerous disorders and populations, but that in many cases, MBSR was effective when the individual treatment groups themselves were heterogeneous with respect to the condition/disorder being treated (Baer, 2003; Chiesa & Serretti, 2009, 2011, 2014; Hofmann, Sawyer, Witt, & Oh, 2010).”
BackgroundTeasdale, J. D., Segal, Z., & Williams, J. M. G. (1995) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(94)e0011-7 · Cited by 1,349 · see citing works
Goldin, P. R., & Gross, J. J. (2010) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0018441 · Cited by 1,242 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Neurological studies also provide support that mindfulness training reduces both the severity of negative emotions and reactivity to those emotions (Brown, Goodman, & Inzlicht, 2012; Farb, Anderson, & Segal, 2012; Goldin & Gross, 2010; van den Hurk, Janssen, Giommi, Barendregt, & Gielen, 2010).”
BackgroundMetacognitive awareness and prevention of relapse in depression: Empirical evidence.
Teasdale, J. D., Moore, R. G., Hayhurst, H., Pope, M., Williams, S., & Segal, Z. V. (2002) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.70.2.275 · Cited by 1,221 · cited 3× · see citing works
“Furthermore, MBCT has demonstrated strong efficacy in preventing relapse to depression compared to alternative approaches (Brown & Ryan, 2003; Teasdale et al., 2002).”
BackgroundMetacognitive awareness and prevention of relapse in depression: Empirical evidence
Teasdale, J. D., Moore, R. G., Hayhurst, H., Pope, M., Williams, S., & Segal, Z. V. (2002) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.70.2.275 · Cited by 1,221 · see citing works
Smoking, smoking cessation, and major depression
Glassman, A. H. (1990) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1990.03450120058029 · Cited by 1,207 · cited 2× · see citing works
“This phenomenon is further complicated by a plethora of evidence indicating that stress, negative affect, and depression strongly predict and are setting events for relapse (Baker, Brandon, & Chassin, 2004; Borrelli, Bock, King, Pinto, & Marcus, 1996; Brandon, 1994; Correa-Fernandez et al., 2012; Glassman et al., 1990…”
BackgroundSpeca, M., Carlson, L. E., Goodey, E., & Angen, M. (2000) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-200009000-00004 · Cited by 1,082 · see citing works
Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Efficacy Trial
Bowen, S., Chawla, N., Collins, S. E., Witkiewitz, K., Hsu, S., Grow, J., Clifasefi, S., Garner, M., Douglass, A., Larimer, M. E., et al. (2009) · Substance Abuse · doi:10.1080/08897070903250084 · Cited by 715 · cited 5× · see citing works
“Two of these studies found that the mindfulness-based treatments evaluated were associated with significantly lower rates of substance use (Bowen et al., 2009; Bowen et al., 2014), whereas the other study found no differences in substance use outcomes between a mindfulness-based treatment and a standard CBT-based cont…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialBowen, S., Witkiewitz, K., Clifasefi, S. L., Grow, J., Chawla, N., Hsu, S. H., Carroll, H. A., Harrop, E., Collins, S. E., Lustyk, M. K., et al. (2014) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.4546 · Cited by 701 · cited 3× · see citing works
“…studies found that the mindfulness-based treatments evaluated were associated with significantly lower rates of substance use (Bowen et al., 2009; Bowen et al., 2014), whereas the other study found no differences in substance use outcomes between a mindfulness-based treatment and a standard…”
ResultAn Exploratory Study of a Meditation-based Intervention for Binge Eating Disorder
Kristeller, J. L., & Hallett, C. B. (1999) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/135910539900400305 · Cited by 681 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…& Sellers, 1987; Kabat-Zinn, Lipworth, & Burney, 1985; Khoury, Lecomte, Fortin, et al., 2013; Khoury, Lecomte, Gaudiano, & Paquin, 2013; Kim et al., 2013; Kristeller & Hallett, 1999; Lakhan & Schofield, 2013; Lauche, Cramer, Dobos, Langhorst, & Schmidt, 2013; Speca, Carlson, Goodey, & Angen, 2000).”
Chiesa, A., & Serretti, A. (2011) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2010.08.011 · Cited by 650 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…only across numerous disorders and populations, but that in many cases, MBSR was effective when the individual treatment groups themselves were heterogeneous with respect to the condition/disorder being treated (Baer, 2003; Chiesa & Serretti, 2009, 2011, 2014; Hofmann, Sawyer, Witt, & Oh, 2010).”
BackgroundPredictors of smoking cessation in a cohort of adult smokers followed for five years
Hymowitz, N., Cummings, K., Hyland, A., Lynn, W., Pechacek, T., & Hartwell, T. (1997) · Tobacco Control · doi:10.1136/tc.6.suppl_2.s57 · Cited by 593 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Given that the HSI comprises only two items, and has demonstrated psychometric equivalence to the FTND in multiple studies (Borland, Yong, O'Connor, Hyland, & Thompson, 2010; Chabrol, Niezborala, Chastan, & de Leon, 2005; Hymowitz et al., 1997; Kozlowski et al., 1994; Schnoll, Goren, Annunziata, & Suaya, 2013), it was…”
MethodPredicting smoking cessation with self-reported measures of nicotine dependence: FTQ, FTND, and HSI
Kozlowski, L. T., Porter, C. Q., Orleans, C. T., Pope, M. A., & Heatherton, T. F. (1994) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/0376-8716(94)90158-9 · Cited by 494 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Given that the HSI comprises only two items, and has demonstrated psychometric equivalence to the FTND in multiple studies (Borland, Yong, O'Connor, Hyland, & Thompson, 2010; Chabrol, Niezborala, Chastan, & de Leon, 2005; Hymowitz et al., 1997; Kozlowski et al., 1994; Schnoll, Goren, Annunziata, & Suaya, 2013), it was…”
MethodKabat-Zinn, J., Lipworth, L., Burncy, R., & Sellers, W. (1986) · The Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/00002508-198602030-00004 · Cited by 483 · see citing works
van der Velden, A. M., Kuyken, W., Wattar, U., Crane, C., Pallesen, K. J., Dahlgaard, J., Fjorback, L. O., & Piet, J. (2015) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2015.02.001 · Cited by 455 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Such modeling has been suggested to be an active ingredient in mindfulnessbased treatments (van der Velden et al., 2015).”
BackgroundMarlatt, G. A., & Kristeller, J. L. (1999) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/10327-004 · Cited by 443 · see citing works
Segal, Z. V., Teasdale, J. D., Williams, J. M., & Gemar, M. C. (2002) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.320 · Cited by 432 · see citing works
Mindfulness training for smoking cessation: Results from a randomized controlled trial
Brewer, J. A., Mallik, S., Babuscio, T. A., Nich, C., Johnson, H. E., Deleone, C. M., Minnix-Cotton, C. A., Byrne, S. A., Kober, H., Weinstein, A. J., et al. (2011) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.027 · Cited by 383 · cited 3× · see citing works
“Outcomes evaluated have included tobacco and other substance use (Bowen et al., 2009; Bowen & Marlatt, 2009; Brewer et al., 2011; Brewer et al., 2009; Davis, Fleming, Bonus, & Baker, 2007; Davis, Goldberg, et al., 2014), psychological distress, craving, mindfulness (Davis et al., 2007; Davis,…”
BackgroundBorland, R., Yong, H., O’Connor, R. J., Hyland, A. J., & Thompson, M. E. (2010) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntq038 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
The Mindful Brain and Emotion Regulation in Mood Disorders
Farb, N. A. S., Anderson, A. K., & Segal, Z. V. (2012) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674371205700203 · Cited by 366 · see citing works
Motivational Influences on Cigarette Smoking
Baker, T. B., Brandon, T. H., & Chassin, L. (2004) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.142054 · Cited by 352 · see citing works
Chiesa, A., & Serretti, A. (2014) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.3109/10826084.2013.770027 · Cited by 348 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…only across numerous disorders and populations, but that in many cases, MBSR was effective when the individual treatment groups themselves were heterogeneous with respect to the condition/disorder being treated (Baer, 2003; Chiesa & Serretti, 2009, 2011, 2014; Hofmann, Sawyer, Witt, & Oh, 2010).”
BackgroundCohen, S., Lichtenstein, E., Prochaska, J. O., Rossi, J. S., Gritz, E. R., Carr, C. R., Orleans, C. T., Schoenbach, V. J., Biener, L., Abrams, D. B., et al. (1989) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.44.11.1355 · Cited by 344 · see citing works
Defining an agenda for future research on the clinical application of mindfulness practice
Dimidjian, S., & Linehan, M. M. (2003) · Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice · doi:10.1093/clipsy.bpg019 · Cited by 334 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Furthermore, mindfulness researchers have noted that future rigorous tests of mindfulness-based interventions should include adequate control groups and sufficient power (Baer, 2003; Dimidjian & Linehan, 2003; Roemer & Orsillo, 2003; Teasdale, Segal, & Williams, 1995).”
BackgroundSmoking cessation: What have we learned over the past decade?
Lichtenstein, E., & Glasgow, R. E. (1992) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.60.4.518 · Cited by 332 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…in helping smokers recover from early lapses has important implications given that existing treatments designed to prevent relapse and promote recovery from lapses have generally not demonstrated superior efficacy relative to other treatment approaches (Carroll, 1996; Lichtenstein & Glasgow, 1992).”
ResultSurfing the urge: Brief mindfulness-based intervention for college student smokers
Bowen, S., & Marlatt, A. (2009) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/a0017127 · Cited by 316 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Outcomes evaluated have included tobacco and other substance use (Bowen et al., 2009; Bowen & Marlatt, 2009; Brewer et al., 2011; Brewer et al., 2009; Davis, Fleming, Bonus, & Baker, 2007; Davis, Goldberg, et al., 2014), psychological distress, craving, mindfulness (Davis et al., 2007; Davis,…”
BackgroundCohen, S., Lichtenstein, E., Prochaska, J. O., Rossi, J. S., Gritz, E. R., Carr, C. R., Orleans, C. T., Schoenbach, V. J., Biener, L., Abrams, D., et al. (1989) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.44.11.1355 · Cited by 315 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Most smokers want to quit, and nearly half of all smokers attempt to quit each year (CDC, 2009), but only about 5% of all smokers successfully quit each year (Cohen et al., 1989).”
BackgroundAbbott, R. A., Whear, R., Rodgers, L. R., Bethel, A., Thompson Coon, J., Kuyken, W., Stein, K., & Dickens, C. (2014) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2014.02.012 · Cited by 313 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…and physiological outcomes for individuals with vascular disease, multiple sclerosis, fibromyalgia, somatization and mental health disorders; Abbott et al., 2014; Aucoin, Lalonde-Parsi, & Cooley, 2014; Baer, 2003; Godfrey, Gallo, & Afari, 2014; Hatchard, Lepage, Hutton, Skidmore, & Poulin,…”
Development and validation of the Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale.
Welsch, S. K., Smith, S. S., Wetter, D. W., Jorenby, D. E., Fiore, M. C., & Baker, T. B. (1999) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037//1064-1297.7.4.354 · Cited by 308 · cited 2× · see citing works
“This phenomenon is further complicated by a plethora of evidence indicating that stress, negative affect, and depression strongly predict and are setting events for relapse (Baker, Brandon, & Chassin, 2004; Borrelli, Bock, King, Pinto, & Marcus, 1996; Brandon, 1994; Correa-Fernandez et al., 2012; Glassman et al., 1990…”
BackgroundSelf-citationMindfulness interventions for psychosis: A meta-analysis
Khoury, B., Lecomte, T., Gaudiano, B. A., & Paquin, K. (2013) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2013.07.055 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
Brewer, J. A., Sinha, R., Chen, J. A., Michalsen, R. N., Babuscio, T. A., Nich, C., Grier, A., Bergquist, K. L., Reis, D. L., Potenza, M. N., et al. (2009) · Substance Abuse · doi:10.1080/08897070903250241 · Cited by 286 · cited 4× · see citing works
“Outcomes evaluated have included tobacco and other substance use (Bowen et al., 2009; Bowen & Marlatt, 2009; Brewer et al., 2011; Brewer et al., 2009; Davis, Fleming, Bonus, & Baker, 2007; Davis, Goldberg, et al., 2014), psychological distress, craving, mindfulness (Davis et al.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialRelapse prevention as a psychosocial treatment: A review of controlled clinical trials.
Carroll, K. M. (1996) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/1064-1297.4.1.46 · Cited by 285 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…in helping smokers recover from early lapses has important implications given that existing treatments designed to prevent relapse and promote recovery from lapses have generally not demonstrated superior efficacy relative to other treatment approaches (Carroll, 1996; Lichtenstein & Glasgow, 1992).”
ResultMindfulness-based interventions for binge eating: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Godfrey, K. M., Gallo, L. C., & Afari, N. (2015) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-014-9610-5 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Lauche, R., Cramer, H., Dobos, G., Langhorst, J., & Schmidt, S. (2013) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2013.10.010 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Dispositional mindfulness and the attenuation of neural responses to emotional stimuli
Brown, K. W., Goodman, R. J., & Inzlicht, M. (2013) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nss004 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Lakhan, S. E., & Schofield, K. L. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0071834 · Cited by 233 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…& Sellers, 1987; Kabat-Zinn, Lipworth, & Burney, 1985; Khoury, Lecomte, Fortin, et al., 2013; Khoury, Lecomte, Gaudiano, & Paquin, 2013; Kim et al., 2013; Kristeller & Hallett, 1999; Lakhan & Schofield, 2013; Lauche, Cramer, Dobos, Langhorst, & Schmidt, 2013; Speca, Carlson, Goodey, & Angen, 2000).”
Cut‐off levels for breath carbon monoxide as a marker for cigarette smoking
Javors, M. A., Hatch, J. P., & Lamb, R. J. (2005) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00957.x · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Prevention of relapse in women who quit smoking during pregnancy.
McBride, C. M., Curry, S. J., Lando, H. A., Pirie, P. L., Grothaus, L. C., & Nelson, J. C. (1999) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.89.5.706 · Cited by 209 · cited 1× · see citing works
“This collection method has been validated in prior research (McBride et al., 1999).”
MethodNegative Affect as Motivation to Smoke
Brandon, T. H. (1994) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-8721.ep10769919 · Cited by 204 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…stress, negative affect, and depression strongly predict and are setting events for relapse (Baker, Brandon, & Chassin, 2004; Borrelli, Bock, King, Pinto, & Marcus, 1996; Brandon, 1994; Correa-Fernandez et al., 2012; Glassman et al., 1990; Niaura et al., 1999; Shiffman, 2005; Welsch et al., 1999).”
BackgroundMindfulness: A Promising Intervention Strategy in Need of Further Study
Roemer, L., & Orsillo, S. M. (2003) · Clinical Psychology Science and Practice · doi:10.1093/clipsy.bpg020 · Cited by 204 · cited 3× · see citing works
“Furthermore, mindfulness researchers have noted that future rigorous tests of mindfulness-based interventions should include adequate control groups and sufficient power (Baer, 2003; Dimidjian & Linehan, 2003; Roemer & Orsillo, 2003; Teasdale, Segal, & Williams, 1995).”
BackgroundA pilot study on mindfulness based stress reduction for smokers
Davis, J. M., Fleming, M. F., Bonus, K., & Baker, T. B. (2007) · BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1186/1472-6882-7-2 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Dynamic Influences on Smoking Relapse Process
Shiffman, S. (2005) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.0022-3506.2005.00364.x · Cited by 191 · cited 2× · see citing works
“This phenomenon is further complicated by a plethora of evidence indicating that stress, negative affect, and depression strongly predict and are setting events for relapse (Baker, Brandon, & Chassin, 2004; Borrelli, Bock, King, Pinto, & Marcus, 1996; Brandon, 1994; Correa-Fernandez et al., 2012; Glassman et al., 1990…”
BackgroundPiasecki, T. M., Fiore, M. C., & Baker, T. B. (1998) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.107.2.238 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Kim, S. H., Schneider, S. M., Bevans, M., Kravitz, L., Mermier, C., Qualls, C., & Burge, M. R. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2012-3742 · Cited by 135 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Numerous meta-analyses have concluded that mindfulness-based treatments are effective across a wide range of conditions and disorders (e.g., stress, pain, anxietyrelated disorders, eating disorders, depressive relapse, psychological and physiological outcomes for individuals with vascular disease, multiple sclerosis,…”
The increasing recalcitrance of smokers in clinical trials
Irvin, T. H. B. J. E. (2000) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1080/14622200050011330 · Cited by 129 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Mindfulness-Based Addiction Treatment (MBAT) Given that many smokers have a history of failed quit attempts, high levels of nicotine dependence, and/or other comorbidities (Irvin & Brandon, 2000), there is a critical need for new behavioral treatments.”
BackgroundThe Impact of Depression on Smoking Cessation in Women
Borrelli, B., Bock, B. C., King, T. K., Pinto, B. M., & Marcus, B. H. (1996) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(18)30295-2 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Chabrol, H., Niezborala, M., Chastan, E., & de León, J. (2005) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.02.001 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Mood disturbance fails to resolve across 31 days of cigarette abstinence in women.
Gilbert, D. G., McClernon, F. J., Rabinovich, N. E., Plath, L. C., Masson, C. L., Anderson, A. E., & Sly, K. F. (2002) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.70.1.142 · Cited by 105 · cited 1× · see citing works
“These low quit rates are not surprising given that cessation is associated with increased levels of negative affect and stress that can persist for months, as assessed by both self-report and asymmetries in brain activity (Gilbert et al., 2002; Piasecki, Fiore, & Baker, 1998).”
BackgroundHistory and symptoms of depression among smokers during a self-initiated quit attempt
NIAURA, R. S., DiBenedetti, D. B., Borrelli, B., Shadel, W. G., Abrams, D. B., & Goldstein, M. R. (1999) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1080/14622299050011371 · Cited by 99 · cited 2× · see citing works
“This phenomenon is further complicated by a plethora of evidence indicating that stress, negative affect, and depression strongly predict and are setting events for relapse (Baker, Brandon, & Chassin, 2004; Borrelli, Bock, King, Pinto, & Marcus, 1996; Brandon, 1994; Correa-Fernandez et al., 2012; Glassman et al., 1990…”
BackgroundRandomized trial on mindfulness training for smokers targeted to a disadvantaged population
Davis, J. M., Goldberg, S. B., Anderson, M. C., Manley, A. R., Smith, S. S., & Baker, T. B. (2014) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.3109/10826084.2013.770025 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
The increasing recalcitrance of smokers in clinical trials II: Pharmacotherapy trials
Irvin, J. E., Irvin, J., & Irvin, J. (2003) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1080/1462220031000070534 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
The relationship between cognition and emotion: the mind-in-place in mood disorders
Teasdale, J. D. (2015) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med:psych/9780192627254.003.0004 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Associations of Mindfulness with Nicotine Dependence, Withdrawal, and Agency
Vidrine, J., Businelle, M., Cinciripini, P., Li, Y.-S., Marcus, M. T., Waters, A. J., Reitzel, L. R., & Wetter, D. (2009) · Substance Abuse · doi:10.1080/08897070903252973 · Cited by 84 · cited 2× · see citing works
“; Vidrine et al., 2009; Waters et al., 2009).”
BackgroundSelf-citationRandomized trial comparing mindfulness training for smokers to a matched control
Davis, J. M., Manley, A. R., Goldberg, S. B., Smith, S. S., & Jorenby, D. E. (2014) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2014.04.005 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Mindfulness and Emotion Regulation
Heppner, W. L., Spears, C. A., Vidrine, J. I., & Wetter, D. W. (2015) · Handbook of Mindfulness and Self-Regulation · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2263-5_9 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citationSegal, Z. V., Vincent, P., & LEVITT, A. J. (2002) · Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience · doi:10.1139/jpn.0246 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Aucoin, M., Lalonde-Parsi, M.-J., & Cooley, K. (2014) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2014/140724 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Schnoll, R. A., Goren, A., Annunziata, K., & Suaya, J. A. (2013) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.12285 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
van den Hurk, P. A. M., Janssen, B. H., Giommi, F., Barendregt, H. P., & Gielen, S. C. A. M. (2010) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.07.002 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Pilot randomized trial on mindfulness training for smokers in young adult binge drinkers
Davis, J. M., Mills, D. M., Stankevitz, K. A., Manley, A. R., Majeskie, M. R., & Smith, S. S. (2013) · BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1186/1472-6882-13-215 · Cited by 60 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Four of the studies (Bowen & Marlatt, 2009; Brewer et al., 2011; Davis, Manley, et al., 2014; Davis et al., 2013) found that the mindfulness-based intervention evaluated produced significantly higher smoking abstinence rates than the control treatment.”
BackgroundDispositional Mindfulness Predicts Enhanced Smoking Cessation and Smoking Lapse Recovery
Heppner, W. L., Spears, C. A., Correa-Fernández, V., Castro, Y., Li, Y., Guo, B., Reitzel, L. R., Vidrine, J. I., Mazas, C. A., Cofta-Woerpel, L. M., et al. (2016) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-015-9759-3 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citationAssociations between Mindfulness and Implicit Cognition and Self-Reported Affect
Waters, A. J., Reitzel, L. R., Cinciripini, P. M., Li, Y., Marcus, M. T., Vidrine, J. I., & Wetter, D. W. (2009) · Substance Abuse · doi:10.1080/08897070903252080 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationCorrea-Fernández, V., Ji, L., Castro, Y., Heppner, W. L., Vidrine, J. I., Costello, T. J., Mullen, P. D., Cofta-Woerpel, L., Velasquez, M. M., Greisinger, A., et al. (2012) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0027532 · Cited by 31 · cited 2× · see citing works
“This phenomenon is further complicated by a plethora of evidence indicating that stress, negative affect, and depression strongly predict and are setting events for relapse (Baker, Brandon, & Chassin, 2004; Borrelli, Bock, King, Pinto, & Marcus, 1996; Brandon, 1994; Correa-Fernandez et al., 2012; Glassman et al., 1990…”
BackgroundSelf-citationMindfulness predicts lower affective volatility among African Americans during smoking cessation.
Adams, C. E., Chen, M., Guo, L., Lam, C. Y., Stewart, D. W., Correa-Fernández, V., Cano, M. Á., Heppner, W. L., Vidrine, J. I., Li, Y., et al. (2014) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/a0036512 · Cited by 30 · cited 2× · see citing works
“A uthor M anuscript A uthor M anuscript A uthor M anuscript A uthor M anuscript mindfulness, negative affect, and alcohol problems (i.e., that mindfulness both reduces negative affect and reduces the strength of the association between negative affect and alcohol problems; Adams et al., 2014).”
BackgroundSelf-citationGuillot, C. R., Zvolensky, M. J., & Leventhal, A. M. (2014) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.08.004 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Herzog, T. A., Lazev, A. B., Irvin, J. E., Juliano, L. M., Greenbaum, P. E., & Brandon, T. H. (2002) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(02)80004-1 · Cited by 21 · cited 2× · see citing works
“, influenced by other members of the group), failure to take group effects into account in statistical analyses may lead to inaccurate inferences, particularly in the form of Type I errors (Herzog et al., 2002; Kapson, McDonald, & Haaga, 2012).”
BackgroundHatchard, T., Lepage, C., Hutton, B., Skidmore, B., & Poulin, P. A. (2014) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/2046-4053-3-134 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Marcus, M. T., Liehr, P. R., Schmitz, J. M., Moeller, F. G., Swank, P. R., Fine, M., Cron, S. G., Granmayeh, L. K., & Carroll, D. D. (2007) · Nursing Research · doi:10.1097/01.nnr.0000270024.52242.39 · Cited by 15 · cited 2× · see citing works
“, 2007; Davis, Manley, Goldberg, Smith, & Jorenby, 2014), and treatment dropout (Marcus et al., 2007).”
Self-citationThe effect of unanimous first session attendance on psychoeducational smoking cessation groups.
Kapson, H. S., McDonald, D. O., & Haaga, D. A. F. (2011) · Group Dynamics Theory Research and Practice · doi:10.1037/a0026029 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- CDC. 2009 Cigarette Smoking Among Adults and Trends in Smoking Cessation --- United States, 2008 Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 58 44 1227 1232 19910909
- Linehan M 1994 Acceptance and change: The central dialectic in psychotherapy Hayes SC Jacobson NS Follette VM Dougher M Acceptance and Change: Content and Context in Psychotherapy 73 86 Reno, NV Context Press
- Marlatt GA Gordon JR 1985 Relapse Prevention: Maintenance Strategies in the Treatment of Addictive Behaviors New York Guilford Press
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Mindfulness-based interventions for psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Goldberg, S. B., Tucker, R. P., Greene, P. A., Davidson, R. J., Wampold, B. E., Kearney, D. J., & Simpson, T. L. (2018) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2017.10.011 · Cited by 1,145 · see citing works
“minimal treatment (very brief or minimal intensity interventions, e.g., five- to 10-min individual counseling sessions for smoking cessation; Vidrine et al., 2016); (3) non-specific active control (active conditions in which no mechanism of change or clear rationale for treatment was provided, e.”
BackgroundMindfulness and Behavior Change
Schuman-Olivier, Z., Trombka, M., Lovas, D. A., Brewer, J. A., Vago, D. R., Gawande, R., Dunne, J. P., Lazar, S. W., Loucks, E. B., & Fulwiler, C. (2020) · Harvard Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/hrp.0000000000000277 · Cited by 435 · see citing works
Guidelines for the understanding and management of pain in chronic pancreatitis
Drewes, A. M., Bouwense, S. A. W., Campbell, C. M., Ceyhan, G. O., Delhaye, M., Demir, I. E., Garg, P. K., van Goor, H., Halloran, C., Isaji, S., et al. (2017) · Pancreatology · doi:10.1016/j.pan.2017.07.006 · Cited by 321 · see citing works
“Mindfulness-based therapy may also help with recovery from smoking relapse [57].”
BackgroundSancho, M., De Gracia, M., Rodríguez, R. C., Mallorquí-Bagué, N., Sánchez-González, J., Trujols, J., Sánchez, I., Jiménez-Murcia, S., & Menchón, J. M. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00095 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Additional behavioural support as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation
Hartmann-Boyce, J., Hong, B., Livingstone-Banks, J., Wheat, H., & Fanshawe, T. R. (2019) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd009670.pub4 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Mindfulness-based programs for substance use disorders: a systematic review of manualized treatments
Korecki, J. R., Schwebel, F. J., Votaw, V. R., & Witkiewitz, K. (2020) · Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy · doi:10.1186/s13011-020-00293-3 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
“Vidrine et al., 2016 [25] MBAT: 8, 120- min group sessions.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialNeurobiological Changes Induced by Mindfulness and Meditation: A Systematic Review
Calderone, A., Latella, D., Impellizzeri, F., Pasquale, P. D., Famà, F., Quartarone, A., & Calabrò, R. S. (2024) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines12112613 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
“For example, mindfulness-based interventions have been found to help reduce cigarette cravings and consumption in smokers, particularly in women [23,24].”
Efficacy of mindfulness meditation for smoking cessation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Maglione, M. A., Maher, A. R., Ewing, B., Colaiaco, B., Newberry, S., Kandrack, R., Shanman, R. M., Sorbero, M. E., & Hempel, S. (2017) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.01.022 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Spears, C. A., Hedeker, D., Li, L., Wu, C., Anderson, N. K., Houchins, S. C., Vinci, C., Hoover, D. S., Vidrine, J. I., Cinciripini, P. M., et al. (2017) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000229 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
“In the largest known trial of mindfulness treatment for smoking cessation, Vidrine et al. (2016) compared mindfulness-based addiction treatment (MBAT) to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and usual care (UC).”
InfluentialSelf-citationMindfulness and Emotion Regulation
Heppner, W. L., Spears, C. A., Vidrine, J. I., & Wetter, D. W. (2015) · Handbook of Mindfulness and Self-Regulation · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2263-5_9 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citationBaer, R., Gu, J., Cavanagh, K., & Strauss, C. (2019) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/pas0000744 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Vinci, C. (2020) · Current Oncology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11912-020-00915-w · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Turel, O., & Osatuyi, B. (2017) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2017.08.022 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
“Consequently, teaching peopl to develop stronger mindfulness is key to many treatment programs of compulsive behaviors (Black, 2014; Brewer et al., 2013; McConnell & Froeliger, 2015; Vidrine et al., 2016).”
BackgroundMindful moments: A review of brief, low‐intensity mindfulness meditation and induced mindful states
Heppner, W. L., & Shirk, S. D. (2018) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/spc3.12424 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationMcClure, J. B., Bricker, J. B., Mull, K. E., & Heffner, J. L. (2018) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/nty268 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Cadham, C. J., Jayasekera, J. C., Advani, S., Fallon, S., Stephens, J. L., Braithwaite, D., Jeon, J., Cao, P., Levy, D. T., Meza, R., et al. (2019) · Lung Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.lungcan.2019.06.024 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“…1 3 Okuyemi, 2013 1 1 NA 0 1 1 4 Pesis-Katz, 2011 0 1 NA 0 0 0 1 Ramos, 2010 1 0 NA 1 1 1 4 Sheffer, 2017 1 0 NA 1 0 1 3 Smith, 2014 0 0 NA 0 1 1 2 Vidrine, 2016 1 1 NA 0 1 1 4 Webb, 2010 1 1 NA 0 1 1 4 Wewers, 2017 0 1 1 1 1 1 5 Whiteley, 2012 0 1 NA 1 1 1 4 Williams, 2016 0 0 NA 0 0 0…”
Mindfulness-based interventions for addictive behaviors: implementation issues on the road ahead
Wilson, A. D., Roos, C. R., Robinson, C. S., Stein, E. R., Manuel, J. A., Enkema, M. C., Bowen, S., & Witkiewitz, K. (2017) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/adb0000319 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Roche, A. I., Kroska, E. B., & Denburg, N. L. (2019) · Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2019.06.002 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Schwebel, F. J., Korecki, J. R., & Witkiewitz, K. A. (2020) · Current Addiction Reports · doi:10.1007/s40429-020-00302-2 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Spears, C. A., Abroms, L. C., Glass, C. R., Hedeker, D., Eriksen, M. P., Cottrell-Daniels, C., Tran, B. Q., & Wetter, D. W. (2019) · JMIR mHealth and uHealth · doi:10.2196/13059 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
“Each week from treatment session 2 to session 8, participants completed a weekly mindfulness practice log [12] to indicate the number of days that they practiced each of 5 core mindfulness techniques taught in treatment (sitting meditation, body scan, walking meditation, yoga/mindful stretching, and mindful awareness…”
InfluentialSelf-citationMindfulness for smoking cessation
Jackson, S., Brown, J., Norris, E., Livingstone-Banks, J., Hayes, E., & Lindson, N. (2022) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013696.pub2 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Minami, H., Brinkman, H. R., Nahvi, S., Arnsten, J. H., Mindt, M. R., Wetter, D. W., Bloom, E. L., Price, L. H., Vieira, C., Donnelly, R., et al. (2017) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2017.12.014 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationMindfulness-based interventions for addictions among diverse and underserved populations
Spears, C. A. (2018) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.12.012 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“For example, MBIs have shown benefits for smoking cessation in low-SES [8,27] and racially/ ethnically diverse adults [6,7].”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationTobacco Cessation in Oncology Care
Kaiser, E. G., Prochaska, J. J., & Kendra, M. S. (2018) · Oncology · doi:10.1159/000489266 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Vinci, C., Li, L., Wu, C., Lam, C. Y., Guo, L., Correa-Fernández, V., Spears, C. A., Hoover, D. S., Etcheverry, P. E., & Wetter, D. W. (2017) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/hea0000535 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationMindfulness-based interventions for psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysisPreprint
Goldberg, S. B., Tucker, R. P., Greene, P. A., Davidson, R. J., Wampold, B. E., Kearney, D. J., Kearney, D., & Simpson, T. L. (2019) · doi:10.31231/osf.io/etghn · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Cambron, C., Hopkins, P. D., Burningham, C., Lam, C. Y., Cinciripini, P. M., & Wetter, D. W. (2020) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107840 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“Inconsistent findings from recent mindfulness-based RCTs among low SES smokers (Vidrine et al., 2016) suggest that further etiological research is needed.”
ResultSelf-citationDrinking motives mediate the relationship between facets of mindfulness and problematic alcohol use
Vinci, C., Spears, C. A., Peltier, M. R., & Copeland, A. L. (2016) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-016-0515-y · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citationThe effects of mindfulness-based yogic breathing on craving, affect, and smoking behavior.
Lotfalian, S., Spears, C. A., & Juliano, L. M. (2019) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/adb0000536 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“, 2014), as well as higher rates of lapse recovery (Vidrine et al., 2016).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationRoos, C. R., Hedy Kober, A., Trull, T. J., MacLean, R. R., & Mun, C. J. (2020) · Current Addiction Reports · doi:10.1007/s40429-020-00329-5 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Hopkins, P. D., Spears, C. A., Hoover, D. S., Li, L., Cambron, C., Potter, L. N., Cinciripini, P. M., Lam, C. Y., & Wetter, D. W. (2021) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/adb0000734 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationSpears, C. A., Bell, S. A., Scarlett, C. A., Anderson, N. K., Cottrell‐Daniels, C., Lotfalian, S., Bandlamudi, M., Grant, A., Sigurdardottir, A., Carter, B. P., et al. (2018) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/11246 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“For example, rates of between-session mindfulness practice were relatively low in a recent trial of Mindfulness-Based Addiction Treatment for adult smokers [17].”
Self-citationFélix-Junior, I. J., Donate, A. P. G., Noto, A. R., Galduróz, J. C. F., Simionato, N. M., & Opaleye, E. S. (2022) · Addictive Behaviors Reports · doi:10.1016/j.abrep.2022.100467 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Everyday discrimination indirectly influences smoking cessation through post-quit self-efficacy
Alexander, A. C., Hébert, E. T., Businelle, M. S., & Kendzor, D. E. (2019) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.01.033 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Hanley, A. W., & Garland, E. L. (2021) · Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work · doi:10.1080/26408066.2020.1833803 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Meditation for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease
Rees, K., Takeda, A., Court, R. A., Kudrna, L., Hartley, L., & Ernst, E. (2024) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013358.pub2 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Okoli, C. T. C., El-Mallakh, P. L., & Seng, S. (2018) · Issues in Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1080/01612840.2018.1490833 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“Future studies may examine effective means of relapse prevention for PWS engaging in TT; particularly mindfulness-based counseling strategies may be explored (Ruscio, Muench, Brede, & Waters, 2016; Vidrine et al., 2016).”
Garey, L., Reitzel, L. R., Neisler, J., Kendzor, D. E., Zvolensky, M. J., Neighbors, C., Hernandez, D. C., & Businelle, M. S. (2018) · Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1080/08964289.2018.1447905 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationImmediate Effects of the Mindful Body Scan Practice on Risk-Taking Behavior
Upton, S. R., & Renshaw, T. L. (2018) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-018-0948-6 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Effect of Tai Chi on the Drug Craving in Women
Wang, M., Chen, Y., Xu, Y., Zhang, X., Sun, T., Li, H., Yuan, C., Li, J., Ding, Z., Ma, Z., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-022-00917-8 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“In clinical trials, Vidrine et al. (2016) reported that mindfulness-based addiction treatment might prevent patients from deteriorating from early lapses and subsequently progressing to a full relapse.”
Weng, X., Luk, T. T., Lau, O. S., Suen, Y. N., Lee, J. J., Li, W. H. C., Kwok, J. Y. Y., Lam, T. H., & Wang, M. P. (2020) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106677 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Karelitz, J. L., McClure, E. A., Wolford‐Clevenger, C., Pacek, L. R., & Cropsey, K. L. (2021) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108570 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Mindfulness-based treatment for smoking cessation: a randomized controlled trial
Araújo, M. S., da Silva, L. M., Pereira, G. M. A., Pinto, N. F., Costa, F. M., Moreira, L., Nunes, D. P., Canan, M. G. M., & de Oliveira, M. H. S. (2021) · Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia · doi:10.36416/1806-3756/e20210254 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“(11) The efficacy of MBT for smoking cessation has been shown to be similar to or, regarding long-term abstinence maintenance, even greater than that of CBT.(11-13) In addition, MBT has been shown to be associated with mood improvement, reduction in the urge to smoke, and reduction in abstinence symptoms.”
InfluentialVinci, C., Sutton, S. K., Yang, M.-J., Baban, S. S., Sauls, R., Witkiewitz, K. A., Brandon, K. O., Unrod, M., Brandon, T. H., & Wetter, D. W. (2023) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109768 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationGibbons, I., Bernards, J. C., Bean, R. A., Young, B. C., & Wolfgramm, M. R. (2020) · American Journal of Family Therapy · doi:10.1080/01926187.2020.1848481 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Community-Based Yoga for Women Undergoing Substance Use Disorder Treatment
Galantino, M. L., Turetzkin, S., Lawlor, S., Jones, L., & Brooks, J. C. (2021) · International Journal of Yoga · doi:10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_103_20 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Mindfulness‐based addiction treatment, featuring yoga, shows specific benefit in preventing lapses from converting to full‐blown relapse.[39] It is theorized to be a feasible addition to MAT to more fully address underlying pain.”
MethodSmoking Cessation for Those Pursuing Recovery from Substance Use Disorders
Derefinko, K. J., García, F. I. S., & Sumrok, D. D. (2018) · Medical Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2018.02.014 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Hemenway, M., Witkiewitz, K. A., Unrod, M., Brandon, K. O., Brandon, T. H., Wetter, D. W., Sutton, S. K., & Vinci, C. (2020) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2020.106218 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Therefore, MBRP-SA includes a quit smoking date at session 5, which is also supported by the existing literature on mindfulness-based treatments for smoking cessation[26].”
BackgroundSelf-citationSmyth, A. P. J., & Milyavskaya, M. (2021) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.2770 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Minding the Gap: Leveraging Mindfulness to Inform Cue Exposure Treatment for Substance Use Disorders
Vinci, C., Sawyer, L. E., & Yang, M.-J. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.649409 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“Although the mindfulness literature has not yet determined the ideal timing/spacing of meditations to produce the greatest effect, within MBIs for addiction, more engagement with the mindfulness practices during treatment is associated with better outcomes, and these studies often take place over an 8-week time span,…”
BackgroundInfluentialMhende, J., Bell, S. A., Cottrell‐Daniels, C., Luong, J., Streiff, M., Dannenfelser, M., Hayat, M. J., & Spears, C. A. (2021) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/25926 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationFacets of Mindfulness Mediate the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Smoking Behavior
Vinci, C., Spears, C. A., Peltier, M. R., & Copeland, A. L. (2016) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-016-0582-0 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationHorváth, M., Grutman, A. J., O’Malley, S. S., Gueorguieva, R. V., Khan, N., Brewer, J. A., & Garrison, K. A. (2021) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/32521 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“Previous studies indicate that mindfulness training may reduce cigarette craving and withdrawal [22,23], aid in smoking cessation [24,25], and support recovery from lapses following a quit attempt [26].”
InfluentialVinci, C., Sutton, S. K., Yang, M.-J., Jones, S. R., Kumar, S., & Wetter, D. W. (2025) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/55379 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationNeurobiological Considerations for Tobacco Use Disorder
Chawla, M., & Garrison, K. A. (2018) · Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s40473-018-0168-3 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
ystematic review on the clinical management of chronic pain and comorbid opioid use disorder
Jiménez-Fernández, B., Calomarde-Gómez, C., López-Lazcano, A., Lligoña, A., Gual, A., & López‐Pelayo, H. (2022) · Adicciones · doi:10.20882/adicciones.1680 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Research also supports the use of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) such as Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention (MBPR) (Bowen, Chawla & Marlatt, 2011), Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE) (Garland et al., 2014), and Mindfulness-Based Addiction Treatment (MBAT) (Vidrine et al., 2016) for treating add…”
BackgroundZvolensky, M. J., Paulus, D. J., Bakshaie, J., Viana, A. G., Reitzel, L. R., Garza, M. J., Cardoso, J. B., Ochoa‐Perez, M., Smith, L. J., Lemaire, C. M., et al. (2017) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-017-0747-5 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationBilinçli Farkındalık (Mindfulness) ve Perinatal Ruh Sağlığı: Bir Sistematik Derleme
Dağlar, Ö. Ş., & Şahin, N. H. (2021) · Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Dergisi · doi:10.48071/sbuhemsirelik.951950 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
A Brief History of Group Therapy as a Field and the Representation of Women in Its Development
Paquin, J. D., Abegunde, C., Hahn, A., & Fassinger, R. E. (2020) · International Journal of Group Psychotherapy · doi:10.1080/00207284.2020.1798176 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Smoking Cessation Using Wearable Sensors: Protocol for a Microrandomized Trial
Hernandez, L. M., Wetter, D. W., Kumar, S., Sutton, S. K., & Vinci, C. (2021) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/22877 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“Mindfulness-based interventions have been effective in reducing smoking [15-18] and have results comparable with those of other empirically supported treatments (ie, cognitive behavioral therapy) [18].”
ResultSelf-citationAshare, R. L., Wileyto, E. P., Logue-Chamberlain, E., Gross, R., Tyndale, R. F., Lerman, C. E., Hawk, L. W., Cinciripini, P. M., George, T. P., Lubitz, S. F., et al. (2020) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/adb0000619 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citationMuench, C., Malloy, E. J., & Juliano, L. M. (2020) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000605 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“The development of lapse-responsive treatments is still in its infancy (Ferguson, Gitchell, & Shiffman, 2012; Juliano, Houtsmuller, et al., 2006; Vidrine et al., 2016).”
BackgroundCottrell‐Daniels, C., Jones, D. M., Bell, S. A., Bandlamudi, M., & Spears, C. A. (2021) · American Journal of Qualitative Research · doi:10.29333/ajqr/11427 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“Mindfulness-based interventions show promise for promoting smoking cessation as well as recovery from early lapses to smoking (e.g., Brewer et al., 2011; Oikonomou et al., 2017; Vidrine et al., 2016; Vinci, 2020).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationObservational Study on a Mindfulness Training for Smokers within a Smoking Cessation Program
Davis, J. M., Goldberg, S. B., Angel, K. S., Silver, R. H., Kragel, E. A., & Lagrew, D. J. (2017) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-017-0744-8 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“Since then, Mindfulness Training for Smokers (MTS) and similar interventions have been evaluated in a number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (Brewer et al. 2011; Davis et al. 2013, 2014a, b; Vidrine et al. 2016).”
Vinci, C., Cambron, C., Lam, C. Y., & Wetter, D. W. (2021) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/hea0001093 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citationSpears, C. A., Mhende, J., Hawkins, C., Vuong, V., Hayat, M. J., Eriksen, M. P., Hedeker, D., Abroms, L. C., & Wetter, D. W. (2022) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/35688 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“Participants also complete a Mindfulness Practice Log [11] to indicate how frequently they practice each mindfulness technique taught in treatment.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationBehavior and Substance Addictions in Children
Belisle, J., & Dixon, M. R. (2020) · Pediatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2020.02.013 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Neurocircuitry of Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Substance Use Prevention and Recovery
Kirlić, N., Cohen, Z. P., & Stewart, J. L. (2021) · Current Addiction Reports · doi:10.1007/s40429-021-00396-2 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Ancient Indian Education and Mindfulness
Anālayo, B. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-019-01145-3 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Alexander, A. C., Nollen, N. L., Ahluwalia, J. S., Hébert, E. T., Businelle, M. S., & Kendzor, D. E. (2019) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112562 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Abdelaal, H. M., & El‐Ashry, A. M. (2024) · Archives of Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2024.10.008 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Mindfulness-Based Approaches in Addiction Treatment
McClintock, A. S., & Marcus, M. T. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-36391-8_27 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationZylva, R. D., Mortimer, E. K., Miller, E. R., Tsourtos, G., Lawn, S., Wilson, C. J., Karnon, J. D., Woodman, R. J., & Ward, P. (2023) · Addiction Science & Clinical Practice · doi:10.1186/s13722-022-00355-w · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“[37, 38] Research also indicates that mindfulness-based addiction therapy might help smokers “bounce back” from lapses and regain abstinence at a higher rate compared to CBT and usual care [39].”
ResultSchmidt, M. B. R., Grekin, E. R., & Lumley, M. A. (2023) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.1080/10826084.2023.2215311 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
de Souza, I. C. W., Kozasa, E. H., Rabello, L., Mattozo, B., Bowen, S. W., Richter, K. P., Sartes, L. M. A., & Noto, A. R. (2019) · Tobacco Induced Diseases · doi:10.18332/tid/105846 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Evidenzbasierte Psychotherapie bei Abhängigkeitserkrankungen
Block, I., & Loeber, S. (2018) · Der Nervenarzt · doi:10.1007/s00115-018-0483-7 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Role of Mindfulness in Treating Addictive Disorders and Rehabilitation
Kathirasan, K. (2018) · International Journal of Psychology & Behavior Analysis · doi:10.15344/2455-3867/2018/155 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“Generally, MBIs were found to be superior to treatment as usual [51,57].”
BackgroundResultMindfulness-Based Interventions in the Treatment of Physical Conditions
Goyal, M., & Rusch, H. L. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198808640.013.34 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Sanford, B. T. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-70539-2_37 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Sanchez, T. F., Santamaria, E. K., Brewer, J. A., Rubenstein, D., & Operario, D. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-01986-5 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Scarlett, C. A., Strosnider, C. L., Elahi, H., Dannenfelser, M., Owen‐Smith, A. A., & Spears, C. A. (2023) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-023-02151-2 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“After completing baseline assessments, participants received 8 weeks of MBAT, delivered in weekly 2-hr sessions (Vidrine et al., 2016; Wetter et al., 2007).”
MethodSelf-citationJones, D. R., Potter, L. N., Lam, C. Y., Schlechter, C. R., Nahum-Shani, I., Fagundes, C., & Wetter, D. W. (2024) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1093/abm/kaae020 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“These positive affect states should, in turn, improve tobacco cessation among those who identify as African American, decreasing abstinence violation effects [86].”
BackgroundResultSelf-citationImmediate Effects of the Mindful Body Scan Practice on Risk-Taking Behavior
Upton, S. R. (2017) · doi:10.31390/gradschool_theses.4558 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Mindfulness, Emotion Regulation, and Links to Behavioral Health
Heppner, W. L., & Spears, C. A. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-91451-5_11 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationSmoking Cessation in the Context of Integrated Care
Sanford, B. T. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93003-9_12 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Hitsman, B. L., Baker, A., & King, A. C. (2017) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1016/j.chest.2017.03.031 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“12,13 Third, APPs may be more likely than physicians to be able to link behaviors that cluster together to enhance readiness to quit smoking.”
BackgroundComponents of Psychological Flexibility and Inflexibility That Predict Risk-Taking Behaviors
Upton, S. R. (2020) · doi:10.31390/gradschool_dissertations.5306 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Investigating the Effects of Mindfulness Meditation on Motivation
Smyth, A. P. J. (2020) · doi:10.22215/etd/2020-14267 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Mindfulness Training and Smoking Cessation
Jeung, O., Lee, E. S., & Paek, Y. (2019) · Journal of the Korean Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · doi:10.25055/jksrnt.2019.10.1.13
“군의 26주째 금연성공율에서 차이가 없었지만 CBT나 usual care에 비해 MT가 재발 후 다시 금연하는 효과가 있었 다.(16) Brewer 등에 비해 Vidrine 등의 금연성공율의 차이”
Third Wave Therapies and Substance Use Disorders: A Case Example
Stotts, A. L., Villarreal, Y. R., Spellman, M., & Northrup, T. F. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-11677-3_25
Non-Pharmacologic Approaches to Tobacco Cessation
Patel, S., Reed, B. W., & Doran, N. (2023) · Respiratory medicine · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-24914-3_5
Harris, J. C., & Juliano, L. M. (2023) · Integrative Medicine Reports · doi:10.1089/imr.2023.0005
Atención plena compasiva para dejar de fumar en México: un ensayo clínico aleatorizado
Tello, A. L., Padilla, J. R. P., Gómez, L. A. G., Pérez, M. A. H., Echánove, M. J. O., Gómez, R. M., Sosa, J. J. S., Ruiz‐Velasco, S., & Moreno-Coutiño, A. B. (2023) · Revista Internacional de Investigación en Adicciones · doi:10.28931/riiad.2023.1.04
Efetividade de intervenções baseadas em Mindfulness sobre o abuso de substâncias
Thiago, J. V. M., Santos, E. R., Vida, H. C. O., & da Silva, E. E. A. (2023) · Research Society and Development · doi:10.33448/rsd-v12i6.42205
Nicotine Use Among Pregnant and Reproductive-Age Women: Treatment and New Frontiers
Hand, D. J. (2020) · Topics in Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1097/01.pgo.0000721268.11856.a7
Youdin, R. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197575024.003.0008
Evaluasi Efektivitas Mindfulness Therapy terhadap Smoking Cessation: Studi Meta-Analysis
Eka, G., & Yudiarso, A. (2024) · Jurnal Ilmu Perilaku · doi:10.25077/jip.7.2.164-181.2023
Barcellos, C. M., Aguiar, R. N., da Silva, J. V. M. B., da Silva, L. C., Souza, D., & do Nascimento, L. C. G. (2024) · Cuadernos de Educación y Desarrollo · doi:10.55905/cuadv16n2-071
Black, D. S., Ioannidis, J. P. A., Wee, C. P., & Kirkpatrick, M. G. (2024) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108177
Effectiveness of Self-Help Smoking Cessation Programs in the 21st Century: A Systematic Review
Fillette, L., & Varescon, I. (2025) · Journal of Addictions Nursing · doi:10.1097/jan.0000000000000629
- Authors
- Vidrine, J. I., Spears, C. A., Heppner, W. L., Reitzel, L. R., Marcus, M. T., Cinciripini, P. M., Waters, A. J., Li, Y., Nguyen, N. T. T., Cao, Y., Tindle, H. A., Fine, M., Safranek, L. V., & Wetter, D. W.
- Affiliations
- OU Health Stephenson Cancer Center (US)
- Catholic University of America (US)
- Georgia College & State University (US)
- University of Houston (US)
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (US)
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (US)
- Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center (US)
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- Rice University (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
- Published
- 2016-09
- Volume
- 84
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 824-838
- ISSN
- 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2117
- PMC
- PMC5061584
- OpenAlex
- W2405972414
- Cited by
- 109
- References
- 86
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 10.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- National Cancer Institute
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences
- Oklahoma Tobacco Settlement Endowment Trust
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- smoking cessation, cognitive behavioral therapy, nicotine dependence, smoking abstinence, group counseling, treatment efficacy
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Combined Modality Therapy, Counseling, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Smoking, Smoking Cessation, Treatment Outcome, Tobacco Use Cessation Devices, Mindfulness
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
