Cited by 71Diet and metabolism studiesDietary Effects on HealthDiabetes Management and Research

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Investigating Ketone Bodies as Immunometabolic Countermeasures against Respiratory Viral Infections

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Stubbs, Brianna J., Koutnik, Andrew P., Goldberg, Emily L., Upadhyay, Vaibhav, Turnbaugh, Peter J., Verdin, Eric, Newman, John C.·2020·Med

DOI 10.1016/j.medj.2020.06.008PMC PMC7362813

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Abstract

Respiratory viral infections remain a scourge, with seasonal influenza infecting millions and killing many thousands annually and viral pandemics, such as COVID-19, recurring every decade. Age, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes mellitus are risk factors for severe disease and death from viral infection. Immunometabolic therapies for these populations hold promise to reduce the risks of death and disability. Such interventions have pleiotropic effects that might not only target the virus itself but also enhance supportive care to reduce cardiopulmonary complications, improve cognitive resilience, and facilitate functional recovery. Ketone bodies are endogenous metabolites that maintain cellular energy but also feature drug-like signaling activities that affect immune activity, metabolism, and epigenetics. Here, we provide an overview of ketone body biology relevant to respiratory viral infection, focusing on influenza A and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2, and discuss the opportunities, risks, and research gaps in the study of exogenous ketone bodies as novel immunometabolic interventions in these diseases.

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Authors: Stubbs, B. J., Koutnik, A. P., Goldberg, E. L., Upadhyay, V., Turnbaugh, P. J., Verdin, E., & Newman, J. C.
Affiliations: Buck Institute for Research on Aging (US)
Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition (US)
University of California, San Francisco (US)
Corresponding author: Newman, John C.
ORCID: Stubbs, Brianna J.
Koutnik, Andrew P.
Goldberg, Emily L.
Upadhyay, Vaibhav
Turnbaugh, Peter J.
Verdin, Eric
Newman, John C.
Venue: Med
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2020-12
Volume: 1
Issue: 1
Pages: 43-65
ISSN: 2666-6340 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2020.06.008
PMC: PMC7362813
OpenAlex: W3043137980
Cited by: 71
References: 251
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 6
FWCI: 1.43
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 382 d)
Locations: Med (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Buck Institute for Research on Aging (T32 HL007185)
National Institutes of Health (K08 AG048354)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Diet and metabolism studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Dietary Effects on Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Keywords: ketone bodies, immunometabolic therapy, respiratory viral infections, influenza A virus, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 pandemic, immunomodulation, metabolic signaling, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, age-related risk factors, cardiopulmonary complications, functional recovery
MeSH terms: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Humans, Influenza, Human, Ketone Bodies, Pandemics

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Investigating Ketone Bodies as Immunometabolic Countermeasures against Respiratory Viral Infections

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