Artificial intelligence in medicine
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a general term that implies the use of a computer to model intelligent behavior with minimal human intervention. AI is generally accepted as having started with the invention of robots. The term derives from the Czech word robota, meaning biosynthetic machines used as forced labor. In this field, Leonardo Da Vinci's lasting heritage is today's burgeoning use of robotic-assisted surgery, named after him, for complex urologic and gynecologic procedures. Da Vinci's sketchbooks of robots helped set the stage for this innovation. AI, described as the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, was officially born in 1956. The term is applicable to a broad range of items in medicine such as robotics, medical diagnosis, medical statistics, and human biology-up to and including today's "omics". AI in medicine, which is the focus of this review, has two main branches: virtual and physical. The virtual branch includes informatics approaches from deep learning information management to control of health management systems, including electronic health records, and active guidance of physicians in their treatment decisions. The physical branch is best represented by robots used to assist the elderly patient or the attending surgeon. Also embodied in this branch are targeted nanorobots, a unique new drug delivery system. The societal and ethical complexities of these applications require further reflection, proof of their medical utility, economic value, and development of interdisciplinary strategies for their wider application.
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AI is widely recognized in healthcare as a ground-breaking technological innovation that leads to better treatment outcomes.
“Similar to other fields and industries, AI is widely recognized in healthcare as a ground-breaking technological innovation that leads to better treatment outcomes [2–5].”
From Shaping the future: perspectives on the Integration of Artificial Intelligence in health profession education: a multi-country survey (2024) · cites this paper as [3]
AI robotics have integrated CV, NLP, and AI emotions and decision-making for applications in manufacturing and medicine.
“AI robotics have integrated CV, NLP, and AI emotions and decision-making for applications in manufacturing (Li et al., 2017) and medicine (Hamet and Tremblay, 2017).”
From Artificial intelligence for sustainability: Challenges, opportunities, and a research agenda (2020) · cites this paper as Hamet and Tremblay, 2017
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Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
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- Authors
- Hamet, P., & Tremblay, J.
- Affiliations
- Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Hamet, Pavel
- Tremblay, Johanne
- Venue
- Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-04
- Volume
- 69
- Pages
- S36-S40
- ISSN
- 0026-0495 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2576404523
- Cited by
- 2,334
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 181 · 2025: 387 · 2024: 485 · 2023: 434 · 2022: 311 · 2021: 260 · 2020: 143 · 2019: 74 · 2018: 48 · 2017: 7 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 43.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Collège International de Recherche Servier (CIRS)
- Canada Research Chairs
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Technology and Human Factors in Education and Health
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
- Keywords
- artificial intelligence in healthcare, robotic surgery, history of artificial intelligence, deep learning, electronic health records, clinical decision support, nanorobots, targeted drug delivery, medical robotics, AI ethics, health management system
- MeSH terms
- Artificial Intelligence, Decision Making, Computer-Assisted, Humans, Terminology as Topic, Robotics, Drug Delivery Systems, Interdisciplinary Communication, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, Precision Medicine, Electronic Health Records
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