Age-related changes in the structure and function of prefrontal cortex–amygdala circuitry in children and adolescents: A multi-modal imaging approach
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The uncinate fasciculus is a major white matter tract that provides a crucial link between areas of the human brain that underlie emotion processing and regulation. Specifically, the uncinate fasciculus is the major direct fiber tract that connects the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala. The aim of the present study was to use a multi-modal imaging approach in order to simultaneously examine the relation between structural connectivity of the uncinate fasciculus and functional activation of the amygdala in a youth sample (children and adolescents). Participants were 9 to 19years old and underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Results indicate that greater structural connectivity of the uncinate fasciculus predicts reduced amygdala activation to sad and happy faces. This effect is moderated by age, with younger participants exhibiting a stronger relation. Further, decreased amygdala activation to sad faces predicts lower internalizing symptoms. These results provide important insights into brain structure-function relationships during adolescence, and suggest that greater structural connectivity of the uncinate fasciculus may facilitate regulation of the amygdala, particularly during early adolescence. These findings also have implications for understanding the relation between brain structure, function, and the development of emotion regulation difficulties, such as internalizing symptoms.
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In TD youth, amygdala reactivity to negative faces and images decreases with age, accompanied by greater structural and functional connectivity between amygdala and mPFC/rACC.
“amygdala reactivity to negative faces and images decreases with age [21,33–36], and is accompanied by greater structural and functional connectivity between the amygdala and mPFC/rACC [25,33,34,36].”
From Trauma, PTSD, and the Developing Brain (2017) · cites this paper as [36]
The Results (§3.1; page unavailable) report decreasing amygdala activation to faces with age and increasing uncinate fasciculus FA, a measure of structural connectivity. The Introduction (§1; page unavailable) describes prior evidence of stronger negative amygdala–rACC functional connectivity with age, but this study found no significant age-related change in functional connectivity. The passages concern faces, not other negative images. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredMost studies observe linear decreases in amygdala reactivity to affective stimuli with age.
“Most studies observe linear decreases in amygdala reactivity to affective stimuli with age [30,31,32]”
From Positive and Negative Emotion Regulation in Adolescence: Links to Anxiety and Depression (2019) · cites this paper as [31]
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- Authors
- Swartz, J. R., Carrasco, M., Wiggins, J. L., Thomason, M. E., & Monk, C. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Wayne State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Swartz, Johnna R.
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-02
- Volume
- 86
- Pages
- 212-220
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3947283
- OpenAlex
- W2015965964
- Semantic Scholar
- e286e448323e664aa06b75ec057dbde859c9d1fc
- Cited by
- 158
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 6
- FWCI
- 6.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Autism Speaks award
- Michigan Institute for Clinical Health Research (MICHR) Pre-doctoral Fellowship (UL1RR024986)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health (2UL1TR000433)
- Autism Speaks Fellowship
- NARSAD award
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- uncinate fasciculus, structural connectivity, amygdala activation, emotion regulation, face processing, internalizing problems, age-related development, adolescents, children, white matter tracts, structure-function relationship
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aging, Amygdala, Brain Mapping, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Nerve Fibers, Myelinated, Nerve Net, Neural Pathways, Sensitivity and Specificity, Reproducibility of Results, Prefrontal Cortex, Young Adult, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Multimodal Imaging
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