Cited by 372Functional Brain Connectivity StudiesNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesMemory and Neural Mechanisms

The development of human amygdala functional connectivity at rest from 4 to 23years: A cross-sectional study

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Gabard-Durnam, Laurel J., Flannery, Jessica, Goff, Bonnie, Gee, Dylan G., Humphreys, Kathryn L., Telzer, Eva, Hare, Todd, Tottenham, Nim·2014·NeuroImage

Abstract

Functional connections (FC) between the amygdala and cortical and subcortical regions underlie a range of affective and cognitive processes. Despite the central role amygdala networks have in these functions, the normative developmental emergence of FC between the amygdala and the rest of the brain is still largely undefined. This study employed amygdala subregion maps and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to characterize the typical development of human amygdala FC from age 4 to 23years old (n=58). Amygdala FC with subcortical and limbic regions was largely stable across this developmental period. However, three cortical regions exhibited age-dependent changes in FC: amygdala FC with the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) increased with age, amygdala FC with a region including the insula and superior temporal sulcus decreased with age, and amygdala FC with a region encompassing the parahippocampal gyrus and posterior cingulate also decreased with age. The transition from childhood to adolescence (around age 10years) marked an important change-point in the nature of amygdala-cortical FC. We distinguished unique developmental patterns of coupling for three amygdala subregions and found particularly robust convergence of FC for all subregions with the mPFC. These findings suggest that there are extensive changes in amygdala-cortical functional connectivity that emerge between childhood and adolescence.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.03.038

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  • The mPFC and amygdala have extensive bidirectional connections and often function together.

    “Although mPFC and amygdala have extensive bidirectional connections and often function in tandem (110, 116, 117), these mPFC findings on greater left responding under conditions of deprived care are suggestive but have yet to be extended to amygdala structure or function.”
  • Functional connections between amygdala and mPFC do not emerge until age 10 years, and continue to mature through at least 23 years of age.

    “Functional connections between amygdala and mPFC do not emerge until age 10 years, and continue to mature through at least through 23 years of age (Gabard-Durnam et al., 2014).”

    From Sensitive periods of substance abuse: Early risk for the transition to dependence (2017) · cites this paper as Gabard-Durnam et al., 2014

  • Positive functional connectivity between the amygdala and other subcortical regions, including the NAc and dorsal STR, is observed in childhood and remains largely stable through adulthood.

    “In contrast to the development of cortical/subcortical connectivity, positive functional connectivity between the amygdala and other subcortical regions, including the NAc and dorsal STR (caudate/putamen), is observed in childhood and remains largely stable through adulthood (Gabard-Durnam et al., 2014).”

    From Sensitive periods of substance abuse: Early risk for the transition to dependence (2017) · cites this paper as Gabard-Durnam et al., 2014

  • The structural and functional connectivity between the amygdala and cortical areas undergoes substantial maturation during adolescence.

    “Structural and functional connectivity between the amygdala and cortical brain regions undergoes dramatic maturation across adolescence (Qin et al., 2012, Gabard-Durnam et al., 2014).”
  • The observed pattern of decreased parieto-occipital connectivity and increased medial prefrontal connectivity matches adult resting-state functional connectivity patterns of amygdala sub-regions.

    “which corresponds with adult RSFC patterns of amygdala sub-regions (Roy et al., 2009, Qin et al., 2012, Gabard-Durnam et al., 2014), albeit with varying effects by sex.”

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Authors
Gabard-Durnam, L. J., Flannery, J., Goff, B., Gee, D. G., Humphreys, K. L., Telzer, E., Hare, T., & Tottenham, N.
Affiliations
  • University of California, Los Angeles (US)
  • University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
  • University of Zurich (CH)
Corresponding author
Gabard-Durnam, Laurel J.
Venue
NeuroImage
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014-07
Volume
95
Pages
193-207
ISSN
1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2015455914
Cited by
372
References
93
Citations by year
2026: 14 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 72 · 2019: 49 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 1
FWCI
18.23
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (acceptedVersion)
  • Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH091864)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Keywords
amygdala, functional connectivity, resting-state functional connectivity, brain development, childhood to adolescence, amygdala subregions, medial prefrontal cortex, insula, superior temporal sulcus, parahippocampal gyrus, posterior cingulate cortex, normative development
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Amygdala, Brain Mapping, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neural Pathways, Rest, Young Adult

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