Changes in white matter microstructure in the developing brain—A longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging study of children from 4 to 11 years of age
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The purpose of the present study was to detail the childhood developmental course of different white matter (WM) characteristics. In a longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) study of 159 healthy children between 4 and 11years scanned twice, we used tract-based spatial statistics as well as delineation of 15 major WM tracts to characterize the regional pattern of change in fractional anisotropy (FA), mean (MD), radial (RD) and axial diffusivity (AD). We tested whether there were decelerations of change with increasing age globally and tract-wise, and also illustrated change along medial-to-lateral, posterior-to-anterior and inferior-to-superior gradients. We found a significant linear increase in global FA, and decrease in MD and RD over time. For mean AD, a weak decrease was observed. The developmental changes in specific WM tracts showed regional differences. Eight WM tracts showed non-linear development patterns for one or several DTI metrics, with a deceleration in change with age. Sex did not affect change in any DTI metric. Overall, greater rate of change was found in the left hemisphere. Spatially, there was a posterior-to-anterior gradient of change with greater change in frontal regions for all metrics. The current study provides a comprehensive characterization of the regional patters of change in WM microstructure across pre-adolescence childhood.
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Diffusion values change more gradually through later childhood and adolescence, with axial and radial diffusivity decreasing and fractional anisotropy increasing.
“Diffusion values change much more gradually through later childhood and adolescence, with AD and RD decreasing and FA increasing. 34,35”
From Imaging structural and functional brain development in early childhood (2018) · cites this paper as [35]
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Dubois, J., Adibpour, P., Poupon, C., Hertz-Pannier, L., & Dehaene-Lambertz, G. (2016) · Brain Plasticity · doi:10.3233/bpl-160031 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
- Authors
- Krogsrud, S. K., Fjell, A. M., Tamnes, C. K., Grydeland, H., Mork, L., Due-Tønnessen, P., Bjørnerud, A., Sampaio-Baptista, C., Andersson, J., Johansen-Berg, H., & Walhovd, K. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Oslo (NO)
- Oslo University Hospital (NO)
- John Radcliffe Hospital (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Krogsrud, Stine K.
- ORCID
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-01
- Volume
- 124
- Issue
- Pt A
- Pages
- 473-486
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4655940
- OpenAlex
- W1672229930
- Cited by
- 190
- References
- 82
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 11
- FWCI
- 14.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (acceptedVersion)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Norwegian Research Council (204935)
- European Research Council (313440)
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo (283634)
- Wellcome Trust (WT090955AIA)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Keywords
- white matter microstructure, brain development, childhood, fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, radial diffusivity, axial diffusivity, white matter tracts, longitudinal development, late childhood, hemispheric lateralization, tract-based spatial statistics
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, White Matter
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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