RORβ Spinal Interneurons Gate Sensory Transmission during Locomotion to Secure a Fluid Walking Gait
Open accessAbstract
Animals depend on sensory feedback from mechanosensory afferents for the dynamic control of movement. This sensory feedback needs to be selectively modulated in a task- and context-dependent manner. Here, we show that inhibitory interneurons (INs) expressing the RORβ orphan nuclear receptor gate sensory feedback to the spinal motor system during walking and are required for the production of a fluid locomotor rhythm. Genetic manipulations that abrogate inhibitory RORβ IN function result in an ataxic gait characterized by exaggerated flexion movements and marked alterations to the step cycle. Inactivation of RORβ in inhibitory neurons leads to reduced presynaptic inhibition and changes to sensory-evoked reflexes, arguing that the RORβ inhibitory INs function to suppress the sensory transmission pathways that activate flexor motor reflexes and interfere with the ongoing locomotor program. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
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The mid inhibitory cell types were grouped as one family comprising Inhib-15, Inhib-16, Inhib-17, Inhib-18, Inhib-19, Inhib-20, and Inhib-21, which expressed Slc6a5 (except Inhib-21) and Gad2, implicating these neurons in sensorimotor processing.
“The mid inhibitory cell types were grouped as one family comprised of Inhib-15, Inhib-16, Inhib-17, Inhib-18, Inhib-19, Inhib-20, and Inhib-21, which expressed the glycinergic marker Slc6a5 (with the exception of Inhib-21) and also the gaba-ergic marker Gad2, implicating these neurons in sensorimotor processing84–86.”
From A harmonized atlas of mouse spinal cord cell types and their spatial organization (2021) · cites this paper as [85]
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- Authors
- Koch, S. C., Del Barrio, M. G., Dalet, A., Gatto, G., Günther, T., Zhang, J., Seidler, B., Saur, D., Schüle, R., & Goulding, M.
- Affiliations
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies (US)
- University of Freiburg (DE)
- TUM Klinikum (DE)
- German Cancer Research Center (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Goulding, Martyn
- Venue
- Neuron
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-12
- Volume
- 96
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1419-1431.e5
- ISSN
- 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5828033
- OpenAlex
- W2771099696
- Cited by
- 102
- References
- 88
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 6
- FWCI
- 4.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuron (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- mediaTUM – the media and publications repository of the Technical University Munich (Technical University Munich) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (NS080586, NS086372, NS90919)
- European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (624861 ADMIP)
- EMBO Fellowship (ALTF 13-2015)
- European Research Council (ERC AdGrant 322844)
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 992)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Robotic Locomotion and Control
- Keywords
- RORβ, orphan nuclear receptor, sensory feedback, locomotion, gait, presynaptic inhibition, ataxia, locomotor rhythm
- MeSH terms
- Afferent Pathways, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Electric Stimulation, Glutamate Decarboxylase, Hip Joint, Interneurons, Locomotion, Luminescent Proteins, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Transgenic, Neural Inhibition, Reflex, Sensory Thresholds, Spinal Cord, Walking, Muscle, Skeletal, GABA Agents, Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, Mice, PAX2 Transcription Factor, Feedback, Sensory, Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 2
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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