Cited by 116Nerve injury and regenerationNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchNeurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms

An active vesicle priming machinery suppresses axon regeneration upon adult CNS injury

Open access
Hilton, Brett J., Husch, Andreas, Schaffran, Barbara, Lin, Tien-chen, Burnside, Emily R., Dupraz, Sebastian, Schelski, Max, Kim, Jisoo +5 more·2022·Neuron

Abstract

Axons in the adult mammalian central nervous system fail to regenerate after spinal cord injury. Neurons lose their capacity to regenerate during development, but the intracellular processes underlying this loss are unclear. We found that critical components of the presynaptic active zone prevent axon regeneration in adult mice. Transcriptomic analysis combined with live-cell imaging revealed that adult primary sensory neurons downregulate molecular constituents of the synapse as they acquire the ability to rapidly grow their axons. Pharmacogenetic reduction of neuronal excitability stimulated axon regeneration after adult spinal cord injury. Genetic gain- and loss-of-function experiments uncovered that essential synaptic vesicle priming proteins of the presynaptic active zone, but not clostridial-toxin-sensitive VAMP-family SNARE proteins, inhibit axon regeneration. Systemic administration of Baclofen reduced voltage-dependent Ca 2+ influx in primary sensory neurons and promoted their regeneration after spinal cord injury. These findings indicate that functional presynaptic active zones constitute a major barrier to axon regeneration.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.10.007

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  • The specificity of anti-Munc13-1 and anti-bMunc13-2 antibodies was confirmed using knock-out animals.

    “The specificity of anti-Munc13-1 and anti-bMunc13-2 antibodies was confirmed using replicas of acute hippocampal slices prepared from Munc13-1cKO-Munc13-2/3(−/−) animals [110,111].”

    From Presynaptic cAMP-PKA-mediated potentiation induces reconfiguration of synaptic vesicle pools and channel-vesicle coupling at hippocampal mossy fiber boutons (2024) · cites this paper as [110]

    The Results section (‘Munc13 deletion promotes axon regeneration’; page unavailable) reports immunoblot and immunocytochemical evidence of Munc13-1 knockout in dorsal root ganglion neurons. The Methods list an anti-Munc13-1 antibody, but our copy does not report confirming the specificity of either antibody using knockout animals or replicas of acute hippocampal slices. Searches for anti-bMunc13-2, antibody specificity, and hippocampal-slice replicas found no such passage. (LLM, conf=0.76)

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Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Humeau Y. Doussau F. Grant N.J. Poulain B. How botulinum and tetanus neurotoxins block neurotransmitter release Biochimie 82 2000 427 446 10865130
  2. Kitao Y. Robertson B. Kudo M. Grant G. Neurogenesis of subpopulations of rat lumbar dorsal root ganglion neurons including neurons projecting to the dorsal column nuclei J. Comp. Neurol. 371 1996 249 257 8835730
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  4. Ozaki S. Snider W.D. Initial trajectories of sensory axons toward laminar targets in the developing mouse spinal cord J. Comp. Neurol. 380 1997 215 229 9100133

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Authors
Hilton, B. J., Husch, A., Schaffran, B., Lin, T.-C., Burnside, E. R., Dupraz, S., Schelski, M., Kim, J., Müller, J. A., Schoch, S., Imig, C., Brose, N., & Bradke, F.
Affiliations
  • German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DE)
  • Harvard University (US)
  • University of Bonn (DE)
  • Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine (DE)
Corresponding author
Bradke, Frank
Venue
Neuron
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2022-01
Volume
110
Issue
1
Pages
51-69.e7
ISSN
0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3209631663
Cited by
116
References
121
Citations by year
2026: 15 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 16
FWCI
8.88
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Neuron (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DZNE Pub (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
  • Roger de Spoelberch Foundation
  • Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SCHO 820/7-1, SPP1757, SCHO 820/5-2, SCHO 820/6-1, SCHO 820/4-1, EXC2151, 390873048, SFB1089)
  • Wings for Life Spinal Cord Research Foundation
  • European Research Council
  • Harvard University
  • International Foundation For Research In Paraplegia
  • Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen
  • European Molecular Biology Organization (ALTF 28-2017)
  • European Coordinated Research on Long-term Challenges in Information and Communication Sciences & Technologies ERA-NET
  • Agricultural Research Foundation
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nerve injury and regeneration
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
Keywords
axon regeneration, active zone, vesicle priming, presynaptic terminals, spinal cord injury, central nervous system injury, primary sensory neurons, synaptic vesicle release
MeSH terms
Animals, Axons, Central Nervous System, Mammals, Nerve Regeneration, Neurons, Spinal Cord Injuries, Mice

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