Cited by 988Neural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesNeurobiology of Language and BilingualismFree Will and Agency

Dissociable Executive Functions in the Dynamic Control of Behavior: Inhibition, Error Detection, and Correction

Garavan, H·2002·NeuroImage

Abstract

The present study employed event-related fMRI and EEG to investigate the biological basis of the cognitive control of behavior. Using a GO/NOGO task optimized to produce response inhibitions, frequent commission errors, and the opportunity for subsequent behavioral correction, we identified distinct cortical areas associated with each of these specific executive processes. Two cortical systems, one involving right prefrontal and parietal areas and the second regions of the cingulate, underlay inhibitory control. The involvement of these two systems was predicated upon the difficulty or urgency of the inhibition and each was employed to different extents by high- and low-absent-minded subjects. Errors were associated with medial activation incorporating the anterior cingulate and pre-SMA while behavioral alteration subsequent to errors was associated with both the anterior cingulate and the left prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, the EEG data demonstrated that successful response inhibition depended upon the timely activation of cortical areas as predicted by race models of response selection. The results highlight how higher cognitive functions responsible for behavioral control can result from the dynamic interplay of distinct cortical systems.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1006/nimg.2002.1326

Cites

6 of 6 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Garavan, H.
Affiliations
Medical College of Wisconsin (US)
Corresponding author
Garavan, H
Venue
NeuroImage
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2002-12
Volume
17
Issue
4
Pages
1820-1829
ISSN
1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2136256861
Cited by
988
References
6
Citations by year
2026: 14 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 51 · 2014: 48 · 2013: 69 · 2012: 51
FWCI
17.42
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • U.S. Public Health Service
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA009465, DA 09465, DA-14100-01, R01DA014100)
  • National Center for Research Resources (M01-RR00058, M01RR000058)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Free Will and Agency
Keywords
executive function, response inhibition, error detection, error correction, cognitive control, go/no-go task, anterior cingulate cortex, pre-supplementary motor area, prefrontal cortex, parietal cortex, commission errors, absent-mindedness
MeSH terms
Adult, Attention, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Dominance, Cerebral, Electroencephalography, Female, Frontal Lobe, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Male, Middle Aged, Nerve Net, Neural Inhibition, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Psychomotor Performance, Putamen, Reaction Time, Serial Learning, Thalamus, Echo-Planar Imaging, Imaging, Three-Dimensional

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review