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Cited by 103Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchStress Responses and CortisolChild Abuse and Trauma

Effects of trauma-related audiovisual stimulation on cerebrospinal fluid norepinephrine and corticotropin-releasing hormone concentrations in post-traumatic stress disorder

Geracioti, Thomas D., Baker, Dewleen G., Kasckow, John W., Strawn, Jeffrey R., Jeffrey Mulchahey, J., Dashevsky, Boris A., Horn, Paul S., Ekhator, Nosakhare N.·2008·Psychoneuroendocrinology
DOI 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2007.12.012
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Abstract

Background Although elevated concentrations of both corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and norepinephrine are present in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the effects of exposure to traumatic stimuli on these stress-related hormones in CSF are unknown.Methods A randomized, within-subject, controlled, cross-over design was used, in which patients with war-related PTSD underwent 6-h continuous lumbar CSF withdrawal on two occasions per patient (6-9 weeks apart). During one session the patients watched a 1-h film containing combat footage (traumatic film) and in the other a 1-h film on how to oil paint (neutral film). At 10-min intervals, we quantified CRH and norepinephrine in CSF, and ACTH and cortisol in plasma, before, during, and after symptom provocation. Subjective anxiety and mood were monitored using 100-mm visual analog scales. Blood pressure and heart rate were obtained every 10min from a left leg monitor.Results Eight of 10 patients completed two CSF withdrawal procedures each. A major drop in mood and increases in anxiety and blood pressure occurred during the traumatic relative to the neutral videotape. CSF norepinephrine rose during the traumatic film relative to the neutral videotape; this rise directly correlated with magnitude of mood drop. In contrast, CSF CRH concentrations declined during the trauma-related audiovisual stimulus, both absolutely and relative to the neutral stimulus; the magnitude of CRH decline correlated with degree of subjective worsening of anxiety level and mood. Plasma cortisol concentrations were lower and ACTH levels similar during the stress compared with the neutral videotape.Conclusions CSF concentrations of the stress hormones norepinephrine and CRH differentially change after exposure to 1h of trauma-related audiovisual stimulation in chronic, combat-related PTSD. While the CSF norepinephrine increase was postulated, the decline in CSF CRH levels is surprising and could be due to audiovisual stress-induced increased uptake of CSF CRH into brain tissue, increased CRH utilization, increased CRH degradation, or to an acute stress-related inhibition or suppression of CRH secretion.

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  • Peripheral and central concentrations of norepinephrine are augmented in individuals with PTSD following exposure to threatening stimuli.

    “and following exposure to threatening stimuli (Blanchard et al, 1991;Geracioti et al, 2008).”

    From Inflammation in Fear- and Anxiety-Based Disorders: PTSD, GAD, and Beyond (2017) · cites this paper as Geracioti et al, 2008

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Authors
Geracioti, T. D., Baker, D. G., Kasckow, J. W., Strawn, J. R., Jeffrey Mulchahey, J., Dashevsky, B. A., Horn, P. S., & Ekhator, N. N.
Affiliations
Veterans Health Administration (US)
Corresponding author
Geracioti, Thomas D.
ORCID
Venue
Psychoneuroendocrinology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2008-05
Volume
33
Issue
4
Pages
416-424
ISSN
0306-4530 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2007.12.012
OpenAlex
W1969800465
Cited by
103
References
57
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 6
FWCI
7.07
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Psychoneuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
University of Cincinnati
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Keywords
post-traumatic stress disorder, war-related PTSD, cerebrospinal fluid, norepinephrine, corticotropin-releasing factor, ACTH, cortisol, anxiety, mood, blood pressure, heart rate, stress hormones
MeSH terms
Adaptation, Psychological, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Affect, Aged, Analysis of Variance, Anxiety, Arousal, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Male, Middle Aged, Norepinephrine, Photic Stimulation, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Stress, Psychological, Veterans, Videotape Recording, Cross-Over Studies, Vietnam Conflict

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