Perfluoroalkyl acids in the aquatic environment of a fluorine industry-impacted region: Spatiotemporal distribution, partition behavior, source, and risk assessment
Abstract
The present study investigated the temporal and spatial distributions, partition behaviors, sources, and risks of 14 perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in the aquatic environment of a fluorine industry-impacted region. The total concentrations of 14 PFAAs (ΣPFAAs) were 118.10-2235.4 ng/L, 40.00-2316.1 ng/g dw, and 6.90-180.5 ng/g dw in dissolved, suspended particle matter (SPM), and sedimentary phases, respectively. The predominant pollutants in the dissolved and SPM phases were perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) with carbon chain lengths <9, whereas C13 and C14 PFCAs accounted for a large proportion in the sedimentary phase. The dry season exhibited the highest concentration of ΣPFAAs in the dissolved phase (500.9 ± 350.2 ng/L), while the wet season showed the highest concentrations of ΣPFAAs in the SPM and sedimentary phases (591.6 ± 469.1 ng/g dw and 59.7 ± 35.5 ng/g dw, respectively). Significantly higher concentrations of PFAAs have been found in sewage plant and industrial areas. The concentration of PFAAs in the Xupu water source area (XPS) was slightly higher than that in other water source areas of the Yangtze River, which were either not affected or were less affected by the fluorine industry. The log K D-SPM (distribution coefficient between SPM and water), log K D-SED (distribution coefficient between sediment and water), and log K OC-SED (the organic carbon normalized distribution coefficient) of PFAAs showed significant differences between the wet season and dry season, which may also be affected by carbon chain length. Source identification results showed that industries, wastewater discharge, and nonpoint sources were the main sources of PFAAs in this region. The ecological risk posed by long-chain PFAAs in aquatic organisms cannot be ignored, especially in areas with intensive industrial and agricultural activities. Health risks may exist for local toddlers with long-term exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) through drinking water intake and dermal contact.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Hydrologic variability such as tidal movements, precipitation, and baseflow fluctuations can create a dynamic adsorption, desorption, and partitioning cycle influencing PFAS transport, dilution, and sediment mobilization.
“Hydrologic variability such as tidal movements, precipitation, and baseflow fluctuations can create a dynamic adsorption, desorption, and partitioning cycle to further influence PFAS transport, dilution, and sediment mobilization.”
From Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Surface Water and Fluvial Sediments of a Rural Gulf Coast Watershed: A Year-long Spatiotemporal Assessment (2026) · cites this paper as [19]
Cites
Sunderland, E. M., Hu, X. C., Dassuncao, C., Tokranov, A. K., Wagner, C. C., & Allen, J. G. (2019) · Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology · doi:10.1038/s41370-018-0094-1 · Cited by 2,786 · see citing works
Perfluoroalkyl Acids: A Review of Monitoring and Toxicological Findings
Lau, C., Anitole, K., Hodes, C., Lai, D., Pfahles-Hutchens, A., & Seed, J. (2007) · Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfm128 · Cited by 2,620 · see citing works
Adsorption behavior and mechanism of perfluorinated compounds on various adsorbents—A review
Du, Z., Deng, S., Bei, Y., Huang, Q., Wang, B., Huang, J., & Yu, G. (2014) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.04.038 · Cited by 1,236 · see citing works
Barzen-Hanson, K. A., Roberts, S. C., Choyke, S., Oetjen, K., McAlees, A., Riddell, N., McCrindle, R., Ferguson, P. L., Higgins, C. P., & Field, J. A. (2017) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.6b05843 · Cited by 873 · see citing works
Worldwide Distribution of Novel Perfluoroether Carboxylic and Sulfonic Acids in Surface Water
Pan, Y., Zhang, H., Cui, Q., Sheng, N., Yeung, L. W. Y., Sun, Y., Guo, Y., & Dai, J. (2018) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.8b00829 · Cited by 679 · see citing works
Zareitalabad, P., Siemens, J., Hamer, M., & Amelung, W. (2013) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.02.024 · Cited by 618 · see citing works
(CONTAM), E. P. O. C. I. T. F. C., Knutsen, H. K., Alexander, J., Barregård, L., Bignami, M., Brüschweiler, B. J., Ceccatelli, S., Cottrill, B., Dinovi, M., Edler, L., et al. (2018) · EFSA Journal · doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5194 · Cited by 519 · see citing works
Guelfo, J. L., & Higgins, C. P. (2013) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es3048043 · Cited by 436 · see citing works
Industrial source identification and emission estimation of perfluorooctane sulfonate in China
Xie, S., Wang, T., Liu, S., Jones, K. C., Sweetman, A. J., & Lü, Y. (2012) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2012.11.004 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Zhou, Z., Liang, Y., Shi, Y., Xu, L., & Cai, Y. (2013) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es402120y · Cited by 324 · see citing works
Zhao, P., Xia, X., Dong, J., Xia, N., Jiang, X., Li, Y., & Zhu, Y. (2016) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.221 · Cited by 322 · see citing works
Campos Pereira, H., Ullberg, M., Kleja, D. B., Gustafsson, J. P., & Ahrens, L. (2018) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.012 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Physicochemical properties and aquatic toxicity of poly- and Perfluorinated compounds
Ding, G., & Peijnenburg, W. J. G. M. (2013) · Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology · doi:10.1080/10643389.2011.627016 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Australia-wide assessment of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in landfill leachates
Gallen, C., Drage, D., Eaglesham, G., Grant, S., Bowman, M., & Mueller, J. F. (2017) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.02.006 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Tian, Y., Yao, Y., Chang, S., Zhao, Z., Zhao, Y., Yuan, X., Wu, F., & Sun, H. (2018) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b05385 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Dauchy, X., Boiteux, V., Bach, C., Colin, A., Hémard, J., Rosin, C., & Munoz, J.-F. (2016) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.130 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Chen, H., Zhang, L., Li, M., Yao, Y., Zhao, Z., Munoz, G., & Sun, H. (2019) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2019.01.019 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Wang, P., Lü, Y., Wang, T., Fu, Y., Zhu, Z., Liu, S., Xie, S., Xiao, Y., & Giesy, J. P. (2014) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2014.03.030 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Yao, J., Pan, Y., Sheng, N., Su, Z., Guo, Y., Wang, J., & Dai, J. (2020) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c02888 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Chen, X., Zhu, L., Pan, X., Fang, S., Zhang, Y., & Yang, L. (2015) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2015.04.032 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Campo, J., Lorenzo, M., Pérez, F., Picó, Y., Farré, M. L., & Barceló, D. (2016) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2016.03.010 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Lam, N.-H., Cho, C., Lee, J.-S., Soh, H.-Y., Lee, B., Lee, J., Tatarozako, N., Sasaki, K., Saito, N., Iwabuchi, K., et al. (2014) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.01.045 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Jin, H., Zhang, Y., Zhu, L. Y., & Martin, J. W. (2015) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b00212 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Yan, Z., Yang, H., Dong, H., Ma, B., Sun, H., Pan, T. S., Jiang, R., Zhou, R., Shen, J., Liu, J., et al. (2018) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.023 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Wang, J., Zhang, Y., Zhang, W., Jin, Y., & Dai, J. (2012) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es300906q · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Chen, H., Reinhard, M., Yin, T., Nguyen, T. V., Tran, N. H., & Yew-Hoong Gin, K. (2019) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2019.02.009 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Wang, P., Zhang, M., Lü, Y., Meng, J., Li, Q., & Lu, X. (2019) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.04.072 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Shan, G., Wei, M., Zhu, L. Y., Liu, Z., & Zhang, Y. (2014) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.005 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Cui, Q., Pan, Y., Zhang, H., Sheng, N., & Dai, J. (2018) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2018.05.099 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Gredelj, A., Nicoletto, C., Valsecchi, S. M., Ferrario, C., Polesello, S., Lava, R., Zanon, F., Barausse, A., Palmeri, L., Guidolin, L., et al. (2019) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134766 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Munoz, G., Budzinski, H., Babut, M., Lobry, J., Selleslagh, J., Tapie, N., & Labadie, P. (2019) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.281 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Lan, Z., Yao, Y., Xu, J., Chen, H., Ren, C., Fang, X., Zhang, K., Jin, L., Hua, X., Alder, A. C., et al. (2020) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114487 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Highlights of the Chinese Exposure Factors Handbook (Adults)
Xiaoli, D. (2015) · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Klaunig, J. E., Shinohara, M., Iwai, H., Chengelis, C. P., Kirkpatrick, J. B., Wang, Z., & Bruner, R. H. (2014) · Toxicologic Pathology · doi:10.1177/0192623314530532 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Skaar, J. S., Ræder, E. M., Lyche, J. L., Ahrens, L., & Kallenborn, R. (2018) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-018-2162-4 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Li, P., Oyang, X., Zhao, Y., Tu, T., Tian, X., Li, L., Zhao, Y., Li, J., & Xiao, Z. (2019) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.045 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Pan, G., Zhou, Q., Luan, X., & Fu, Q. S. (2013) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.11.100 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Gao, L., Liu, J., Bao, K., Chen, N., & Meng, B. (2020) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138753 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Distribution of perfluorinated compounds in surface water from Hanjiang River in Wuhan, China
Wang, B., Cao, M., Zhu, H., Chen, J., Wang, L., Liu, G., Xiaoman, G., & Lu, X. (2013) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.06.014 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Qi, Y., He, Z., Huo, S., Zhang, J., Xi, B., & Hu, S. (2016) · Journal of Environmental Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jes.2016.12.007 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Self-citationPerfluoroalkyl substances in the Maltese environment – (II) sediments, soils and groundwater
Sammut, G., Sinagra, E., Sapiano, M., Helmus, R., & de Voogt, P. (2019) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.403 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Sun, Z., Zhang, C., Yan, H., Chang-lai, H., Chen, L., Meng, X., & Zhou, Q. (2017) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.01.122 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Munoz, G., Fechner, L. C., Geneste, E., Pardon, P., Budzinski, H., & Labadie, P. (2018) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-016-8051-9 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Liu, J., Zhao, X., Liu, Y., Qiao, X., Wang, X., Ma, M., Jin, X., Liu, C., Zheng, B., Shen, J., et al. (2019) · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109454 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Perfluoroalkyl substances in the Maltese environment – (I) surface water and rain water
Sammut, G., Sinagra, E., Helmus, R., & de Voogt, P. (2017) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.128 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Konwick, B. J., Tomy, G. T., Ismail, N., Peterson, J. T., Fauver, R., Higginbotham, D. L., & Fisk, A. T. (2008) · Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry · doi:10.1897/07-659.1 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Liu, Z., Xu, C., Johnson, A. C., Sun, X., Ding, X., Ding, D., Liu, S., & Liang, X. (2021) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127019 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Fang, S., Sha, B., Yin, H., Bian, Y., Yuan, B., & Cousins, I. T. (2020) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122617 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Zhu, Z., Wang, T., Meng, J., Wang, P., Li, Q., & Lü, Y. (2015) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-015-4189-0 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Li, X., & Hua, Z. (2020) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128284 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationLu, G.-H., Jiao, X. C., Piao, H.-T., Wang, X., Chen, S., Tan, K.-Y., Gai, N., Yin, X., Yang, Y., & Pan, J. (2017) · Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00244-017-0458-x · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Yu, L. H., Liu, X., & Hua, Z. (2021) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132064 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citationLi, J., Ai, Y., Hu, J., Xu, N., Song, R., Zhu, Y.-R., Sun, W.-L., & Ni, J. (2020) · Science of the Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138352 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Chu, K., Lü, Y., Hua, Z., Liu, Y., Ma, Y., Gu, L., Gao, C., Yu, L. H., & Wang, Y. (2021) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118748 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Self-citationShan, G., Chen, X., & Zhu, L. (2015) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.07.074 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Heydebreck, F., Tang, J., Xie, Z., & Ebinghaus, R. (2015) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b05591 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Cheng, H., & Hua, Z. (2018) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.276 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-citationFang, S., Li, C., Zhu, L. Y., Yin, H., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., & Cousins, I. T. (2019) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.498 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Liu, B., Zhang, H., Yu, Y. H., Xie, L., Li, J., Wang, X., & Dong, W. (2019) · Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00244-019-00674-1 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Yu, L. H., Liu, X., Hua, Z., Zhang, Y., & Xue, H. (2021) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118575 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationYang, Q., Wang, S. L., Liu, W. J., Yang, Y., & Jiang, S. (2020) · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110404 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Hua, Z., Lü, Y., Chu, K., Liu, Y., Ma, Y., Gu, L., Wu, J.-Y., Leelawattananun, W., & Ky, S. (2022) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114436 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationZhao, N., Zhao, M., Liu, W., & Jin, H. (2021) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116475 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 64 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Gasparini, C., Iori, S., Pietropoli, E., Bonato, M., Giantin, M., Barbarossa, A., Bardhi, A., Pilastro, A., Dacasto, M., & Pauletto, M. (2024) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2024.108703 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Liu, J., Zhao, Z., Li, J., Hua, X., Zhang, B., Tang, C., An, X., & Lin, T. (2023) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140360 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Li, J., Li, X., An, R., Duan, L., & Wang, G. (2024) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2024.118111 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationCharacterization of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in Chinese river and lake sediments
Tulcan, R. X. S., Yarlequé, C. M. H., Lü, X., Yeerkenbieke, G., Ochoa‐Herrera, V., Gunarathne, V., & Yánez-Jácome, G. S. (2025) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137680 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Li, J., Liang, E., Xu, X., & Xu, N. (2023) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115966 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Yu, L. H., Hua, Z., Liu, X., Xing, X., Zhang, C., Hu, T., & Xue, H. (2024) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136196 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationWen, W., Gao, L., Cheng, H., Xiao, L., Zhang, S., Li, S., Jiang, X., & Xia, X. (2024) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2024.122095 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Li, S., Liu, J., An, X., Tang, C., Tang, C., Zhang, B., Chen, C., Lin, T., Jones, K. C., & Zhao, Z. (2025) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2025.109444 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Li, R., Zou, L., Sun, X., Chen, H., & Song, Y. (2025) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2025.123049 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Guo, S., Zhang, S., Lv, X., Tang, Y., Zhang, T., & Hua, Z. (2024) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176260 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citationZhou, Z., Deng, F.-W., Nie, J., Li, H., Jiang, X., Wang, S.-H., & Guo, Y.-Y. (2025) · Water · doi:10.3390/w17213061 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Miller, A. J., Kleemann, K., Glüge, J., Lohmann, R., Cousins, I. T., Herzke, D., Miller, M. F., Rensmo, A., Trier, X., Wang, Z., et al. (2026) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5c18001 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Biochar-Enhanced Nitrogen Removal in SBBR Under PFOA Stress: The Role of Quorum Sensing
Lu, Z., Zhao, M., He, X., & Li, H. (2025) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su17083359 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Chen, C., Yi, H., Xu, S., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Q., Jia, R., Bu, C., Qin, X., Bi, S., Ma, L., et al. (2025) · Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology · doi:10.1016/j.enceco.2025.08.011 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Yao, H., Zhao, D., Wang, W., Liu, Z., & Zhou, H. (2023) · Environmental Pollutants and Bioavailability · doi:10.1080/26395940.2023.2218569 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Lü, Y., Chu, K., Hua, Z., Gao, C., & Liu, Y. (2025) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2025.123260 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationZhu, W., Liang, Q., Gu, W., Wang, H., Xu, Y., & Li, Y. (2026) · Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research · doi:10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.12.007 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Liu, X., Zhao, Z., An, X., Wang, C., Chen, C., Liu, J., Jones, K. C., Sweetman, A. J., Zeng, Y., & Lin, T. (2026) · ACS ES&T Water · doi:10.1021/acsestwater.5c01014 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Palma, G. D., Wramage, L. A., Mendes, A. C., Chronakis, I. S., & Jinschek, J. R. (2026) · Separation and Purification Technology · doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2026.137589 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Hua, Z.-L., Gao, C., Guo, P., Li, X.-Q., & Gu, L. (2026) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.142720 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationLi, X., Hua, Z., Zhang, J., Jin, J., & Wang, Y. (2024) · Aquatic Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107171 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Mineralization and Detoxification of PFOA Using a Sn/ZnO2@Ti4O7Anode
Yang, Z., Wang, Z., Qiu, Q., Luo, Y., Wang, C., Huang, Y., Zhuang, T., Zheng, W., Chen, L., Lan, L., et al. (2025) · Electrocatalysis · doi:10.1007/s12678-025-00990-2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“PFOA can persist in the human body for years or even decades, leading to multi-organ toxicity [11–13].”
Li, Y. Y., Li, Y. Y., Pan, Y., Lv, W., Dong, F., He, Q., Huo, L., Cui, Y., Zhang, K., Dai, J., et al. (2026) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.142712 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Rodriguez, C. A., Schramm, M., Postma, S., McDonald, T. J., Brinkmeyer-Langford, C., & Ma, X. (2026) · ACS ES&T Water · doi:10.1021/acsestwater.6c00886
Chen, C., Bu, C., Wang, Q., Zhang, Y., Xu, S., Hua, Y., Jia, R., Lin, H., Wang, X., Gan, Z., et al. (2025) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138935
Ding, G., Zhao, Z., Liu, Y., Qiu, H., & Zhang, X. (2026) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2026.173263
Lin, X., Yu, S., Huang, D., Pan, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhang, L., Yan, C., Liu, X., Gao, B., Liu, Y., et al. (2026) · Water Air & Soil Pollution · doi:10.1007/s11270-026-09348-w
Sima, M. W., & Jaffé, P. R. (2026) · Advances in agronomy · doi:10.1016/bs.agron.2026.05.002
Hu, Y., Chen, H., Chen, Y., Tang, Y., Jin, T., Li, Z., Wu, S., & Yu, Y. (2026) · Emerging contaminants · doi:10.1016/j.emcon.2026.100727
Ling, Z., Liu, X., Xing, X., Hua, Z., Xiang, Z., Liu, Z., & Yu, L. H. (2026) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2026.129075
Self-citationSanti, F., Pietropoli, E., Palmas, B. M., Polverino, G., Devigili, A., Barbarossa, A., Bardhi, A., Gasparini, C., & Pauletto, M. (2026) · Royal Society Open Science · doi:10.1098/rsos.260126
PM2.5-bound PFAS in the Qiantang River Basin: Sources, spatial patterns, and transport
Wang, X., Xiang, J., Yang, W., Li, P., Wu, F., Zhang, Y., Chen, Z., Shi, Y., & Cai, Y. (2026) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2026.125616
Li, B., Zhang, J., Li, C., Wang, M., Wan, Y., Yang, H., Ma, D., & Yun, K. (2026) · Journal of environmental chemical engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jece.2026.125441
Self-citation
- Authors
- Hua, Z.-L., Gao, C., Zhang, J.-Y., & Li, X.-Q.
- Affiliations
- Hohai University (CN)
- Venue
- Science of The Total Environment
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2023-01
- Volume
- 857
- Issue
- Pt 2
- Pages
- 159452
- ISSN
- 0048-9697 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4306678511
- Cited by
- 33
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3
- FWCI
- 1.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- The Science of The Total Environment (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (51739002, U2040209)
- Water Resources Department of Jiangsu Province (201641104)
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (B200204020)
- Program for Jiangsu Excellent Scientific and Technological Innovation Team
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Fluoride Effects and Removal
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Keywords
- perfluoroalkyl acids, aquatic environment, spatiotemporal variation, source apportionment, sediment-water partitioning, seasonal variation, perfluorinated carboxylic acids, perfluorooctanoic acid, environmental risk assessment, human health risk, drinking water consumption, Yangtze River
- MeSH terms
- Carbon, Carboxylic Acids, China, Environmental Monitoring, Fluorine, Fluorocarbons, Water, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Alkanesulfonic Acids, Risk Assessment, Rivers
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review