Shedding microvesicles: artefacts no more
Abstract
The small vesicles shed from the surface of many cells upon stimulation, considered for a long time to be artefacts, are now recognized as specific structures that are distinct from the exosomes released upon exocytosis of multivesicular bodies. Recent reports indicate that shedding vesicles participate in important biological processes, such as the surface-membrane traffic and the horizontal transfer of protein and RNAs among neighboring cells, which are necessary for the rapid phenotype adjustments in a variety of conditions. In addition, shedding vesicles have important physiological and pathological roles: in coagulation, by mediating the coordinate contribution of platelets, macrophages and neutrophils; in inflammatory diseases, via the release of cytokines; and in tumor progression, facilitating the spreading and release of cancer cells to generate metastases.
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Microvesicles arise through direct outward budding and fission of the plasma membrane.
“The mode of biogenesis of exosomes is distinct from vesicles that arise through direct outward budding and fission of the plasma membrane (Figure 4). To distinguish these vesicles by their mode of biogenesis, the latter class of vesicles is frequently referred to as microvesicles [59].”
From Biogenesis of extracellular vesicles (EV): exosomes, microvesicles, retrovirus-like vesicles, and apoptotic bodies (2013) · cites this paper as [59]
Extracellular vesicles can transfer RNAs such as non-coding RNAs from one cell to another and thereby contribute to inter-cellular communication.
“Recent studies have confirmed that EV can transfer RNAs such as ncRNAs from one cell to another and thereby contribute to important roles in inter-cellular communication (3–9).”
From Analysis of Extracellular RNA by Digital PCR (2014) · cites this paper as [7]
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- Authors
- Cocucci, E., Racchetti, G., & Meldolesi, J.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Meldolesi, Jacopo
- Venue
- Trends in Cell Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-02
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 43-51
- ISSN
- 0962-8924 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2046758915
- Cited by
- 1,742
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 71 · 2023: 67 · 2022: 93 · 2021: 112 · 2020: 107 · 2019: 135 · 2018: 108 · 2017: 110 · 2016: 125 · 2015: 143 · 2014: 145 · 2013: 127 · 2012: 145
- FWCI
- 8.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Trends in Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Caveolin-1 and cellular processes
- Keywords
- exosomes, membrane trafficking, intercellular protein transfer, RNA transfer, coagulation, platelets, macrophages, neutrophils, inflammation, cytokine production, tumor progression, metastasis, cancer cell dissemination
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Membrane, Exocytosis, Humans, Neoplastic Processes, Artifacts, Inflammation Mediators, Protein Transport, Exosomes
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