Emerging roles of exosomes in neuron-glia communication
Open accessAbstract
Brain function depends on coordinated interactions between neurons and glial cells. Recent evidence indicates that these cells release endosome-derived microvesicles termed exosomes, which are 50-100 nm in size and carry specific protein and RNA cargo. Exosomes can interact with neighboring cells raising the concept that exosomes may mediate signaling between brain cells and facilitate the delivery of bioactive molecules. Oligodendrocytes myelinate axons and furthermore maintain axonal integrity by an yet uncharacterized pathway of trophic support. Here, we highlight the role of exosomes in nervous system cell communication with particular focus on exosomes released by oligodendrocytes and their potential implications in axon-glia interaction and myelin disease, such as multiple sclerosis. These secreted vesicles may contribute to eliminate overproduced myelin membrane or to transfer antigens facilitating immune surveillance of the brain. Furthermore, there is emerging evidence that exosomes participate in axon-glia communication.
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Exosomes can transport across the blood-brain barrier and play a key role in cellular communication, neurogenesis, and synaptic plasticity in the central nervous system.
“The capacity for transport of exosomes across the blood-brain barrier enables them to play a key role in cellular communication, neurogenesis, and synaptic plasticity in the central nervous system.13,14”
From Microglia secrete miR-146a-5p-containing exosomes to regulate neurogenesis in depression (2022) · cites this paper as [13]
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- Authors
- Frühbeis, C., Fröhlich, D., & Krämer-Albers, E.-M.
- Affiliations
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- ORCID
- Fröhlich, Dominik
- Venue
- Frontiers in Physiology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2012
- Volume
- 3
- Pages
- 119-119
- ISSN
- 1664-042X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3339323
- OpenAlex
- W2130382882
- Cited by
- 275
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 7.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Frontiers in Physiology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
- Association Européenne contre les Leucodystrophies
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Keywords
- exosomes, neuron-glia communication, oligodendrocytes, axon-glia interaction, myelination, myelin diseases, multiple sclerosis, extracellular vesicles, microvesicles, RNA cargo, antigen transfer, neuroinflammation
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