FGF21-based pharmacotherapy – potential utility for metabolic disorders

FGF-21 as a novel metabolic regulator

Kharitonenkov, A., Shiyanova, T. L., Koester, A., Ford, A. M., Micanovic, R., Galbreath, E. J., Sandusky, G. E., Hammond, L. J., Moyers, J. S., Owens, R. A., et al. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci23606 · Cited by 2,125 · see citing works

Endocrine Regulation of the Fasting Response by PPARα-Mediated Induction of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21

Inagaki, T., Dutchak, P., Zhao, G., Ding, X., Gautron, L., Parameswara, V., Li, Y., Goetz, R., Mohammadi, M., Esser, V., et al. (2007) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2007.05.003 · Cited by 1,504 · see citing works

Hepatic Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Is Regulated by PPARα and Is a Key Mediator of Hepatic Lipid Metabolism in Ketotic States

Badman, M. K., Pissios, P., Kennedy, A. R., Koukos, G., Flier, J. S., & Maratos-Flier, E. (2007) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2007.05.002 · Cited by 1,495 · see citing works

FGF21 regulates PGC-1α and browning of white adipose tissues in adaptive thermogenesis

Fisher, F. M., Kleiner, S., Douris, N., Fox, E. C., Mepani, R. J., Verdeguer, F., Wu, J., Kharitonenkov, A., Flier, J. S., Maratos-Flier, E., et al. (2012) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.177857.111 · Cited by 1,478 · see citing works

Fibroblast growth factor 21 reverses hepatic steatosis, increases energy expenditure, and improves insulin sensitivity in diet-induced obese mice

Xu, J., Lloyd, D. J., Hale, C., Stanislaus, S., Chen, M., Sivits, G., Vonderfecht, S., Hecht, R., Li, Y.-S., Lindberg, R. A., et al. (2009) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db08-0392 · Cited by 1,151 · see citing works

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Corrects Obesity in Mice

Coskun, T., Bina, H. A., Schneider, M. A., Dunbar, J. D., Hu, C. C., Chen, Y., Moller, D. E., & Kharitonenkov, A. (2008) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2008-0816 · Cited by 1,031 · see citing works

The effects of LY2405319, an FGF21 analog, in obese human subjects with type 2 diabetes

Gaich, G., Chien, J. Y., Fu, H., Glass, L. C., Deeg, M. A., Holland, W. L., Kharitonenkov, A., Bumol, T., Schilske, H. K., & Moller, D. E. (2013) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2013.08.005 · Cited by 885 · see citing works

Obesity Is a Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21)-Resistant State

Fisher, F. M., Chui, P. C., Antonellis, P. J., Bina, H. A., Kharitonenkov, A., Flier, J. S., & Maratos-Flier, E. (2010) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db10-0193 · Cited by 830 · see citing works

Irisin and FGF21 are cold-induced endocrine activators of brown fat function in humans

Lee, P., Linderman, J. D., Smith, S., Brychta, R. J., Wang, J., Idelson, C., Perron, R. M., Werner, C. D., Phan, G. Q., Kammula, U. S., et al. (2014) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2013.12.017 · Cited by 802 · see citing works

Autophagy deficiency leads to protection from obesity and insulin resistance by inducing Fgf21 as a mitokine

Kim, K. H., Jeong, Y. T., Oh, H., Kim, S. H., Cho, J. M., Kim, Y.-N., Kim, S. S., Kim, D. H., Hur, K. Y., Kim, H. K., et al. (2013) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.3014 · Cited by 774 · see citing works

Tissue-specific Expression of βKlotho and Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) Receptor Isoforms Determines Metabolic Activity of FGF19 and FGF21

Kurosu, H., Choi, M., Ogawa, Y., Dickson, A. S., Goetz, R., Eliseenkova, A. V., Mohammadi, M., Rosenblatt, K. P., Kliewer, S. A., & Kuro-o, M. (2007) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m704165200 · Cited by 748 · see citing works

The metabolic state of diabetic monkeys is regulated by fibroblast growth factor-21

Kharitonenkov, A., Wroblewski, V. J., Koester, A., Chen, Y.-F., Clutinger, C. K., Tigno, X. T., Hansen, B. C., Shanafelt, A. B., & Etgen, G. J. (2007) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2006-1168 · Cited by 738 · see citing works

FGF21 induces PGC-1α and regulates carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism during the adaptive starvation response

Potthoff, M. J., Inagaki, T., Satapati, S., Ding, X., He, T., Goetz, R., Mohammadi, M., Finck, B. N., Mangelsdorf, D. J., Kliewer, S. A., et al. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0904187106 · Cited by 704 · see citing works

Adiponectin mediates the metabolic effects of FGF21 on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in mice

Lin, Z., Tian, H., Lam, K. S. L., Lin, S., Hoo, R. C. L., Konishi, M., Itoh, N., Wang, Y., Bornstein, S. R., Xu, A., et al. (2013) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2013.04.005 · Cited by 691 · see citing works

βKlotho is required for metabolic activity of fibroblast growth factor 21

Ogawa, Y., Kurosu, H., Yamamoto, M., Nandi, A., Rosenblatt, K. P., Goetz, R., Eliseenkova, A. V., Mohammadi, M., & Kuro-o, M. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0701600104 · Cited by 617 · see citing works

Increased Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 in Obesity and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Dushay, J., Chui, P. C., Gopalakrishnan, G. S., Varela–Rey, M., Crawley, M., Fisher, F. M., Badman, M. K., Martinez–Chantar, M. L., & Maratos–Flier, E. (2010) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2010.04.054 · Cited by 607 · see citing works

Fibroblast growth factor 21 regulates energy metabolism by activating the AMPK–SIRT1–PGC-1α pathway

Chau, M. D. L., Gao, J., Yang, Q., Wu, Z., & Gromada, J. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1006962107 · Cited by 548 · see citing works

FGF21 regulates metabolism and circadian behavior by acting on the nervous system

Bookout, A. L., de Groot, M. H. M., Owen, B. M., Lee, S., Gautron, L., Lawrence, H. L., Ding, X., Elmquist, J. K., Takahashi, J. S., Mangelsdorf, D. J., et al. (2013) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.3249 · Cited by 545 · see citing works

Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 Regulates PPARγ Activity and the Antidiabetic Actions of Thiazolidinediones

Dutchak, P. A., Katafuchi, T., Bookout, A. L., Choi, J. H., Yu, R. T., Mangelsdorf, D. J., & Kliewer, S. A. (2012) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.11.062 · Cited by 537 · see citing works

An FGF21-Adiponectin-Ceramide Axis Controls Energy Expenditure and Insulin Action in Mice

Holland, W., Adams, A., Brozinick, J., Bui, H., Miyauchi, Y., Kusminski, C., Bauer, S., Wade, M., Singhal, E., Cheng, C. C., et al. (2013) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2013.03.019 · Cited by 525 · see citing works

The Circulating Metabolic Regulator FGF21 Is Induced by Prolonged Fasting and PPARα Activation in Man

Gälman, C., Lundåsen, T., Kharitonenkov, A., Bina, H. A., Eriksson, M., Hafström, I., Dahlin, M., Åmark, P., Angelin, B., & Rudling, M. (2008) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2008.06.014 · Cited by 512 · see citing works

Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 Improves Pancreatic β-Cell Function and Survival by Activation of Extracellular Signal–Regulated Kinase 1/2 and Akt Signaling Pathways

Wente, W., Efanov, A. M., Brenner, M. B., Kharitonenkov, A., Koster, A. M., Sandusky, G. E., Sewing, S., Treinies, I., Zitzer, H., & Gromada, J. (2006) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db05-1435 · Cited by 497 · see citing works

Fibroblast growth factor 21 promotes bone loss by potentiating the effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ

Wei, W., Dutchak, P. A., Wang, X., Ding, X., Wang, X., Bookout, A. L., Goetz, R., Mohammadi, M., Gerard, R. D., Dechow, P. C., et al. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1200797109 · Cited by 426 · see citing works

The starvation hormone, fibroblast growth factor-21, extends lifespan in mice

Zhang, Y., Xie, Y., Berglund, E. D., Coate, K. C., He, T. T., Katafuchi, T., Xiao, G., Potthoff, M. J., Wei, W., Wan, Y., et al. (2012) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.00065 · Cited by 420 · see citing works

Inhibition of Growth Hormone Signaling by the Fasting-Induced Hormone FGF21

Inagaki, T., Lin, V. Y., Goetz, R., Mohammadi, M., Mangelsdorf, D. J., & Kliewer, S. A. (2008) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2008.05.006 · Cited by 409 · see citing works

βKlotho Is Required for Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Effects on Growth and Metabolism

Ding, X., Boney-Montoya, J., Owen, B. M., Bookout, A. L., Coate, K. C., Mangelsdorf, D. J., & Kliewer, S. A. (2012) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2012.08.002 · Cited by 403 · see citing works

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21-Deficient Mice Demonstrate Impaired Adaptation to Ketosis

Badman, M. K., Koester, A., Flier, J. S., Kharitonenkov, A., & Maratos-Flier, E. (2009) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2009-0532 · Cited by 362 · see citing works

Life Extension in the Dwarf Mouse

Bartke, A., & Brown‐Borg, H. M. (2004) · Current topics in developmental biology/Current Topics in Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/s0070-2153(04)63006-7 · Cited by 354 · see citing works

Fibroblast growth factor 21 regulates lipolysis in white adipose tissue but is not required for ketogenesis and triglyceride clearance in liver

Hotta, Y., Nakamura, H., Konishi, M., Murata, Y., Takagi, H., Matsumura, S., Inoue, K., Fushiki, T., & Itoh, N. (2009) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2009-0119 · Cited by 352 · see citing works

Acute glucose-lowering and insulin-sensitizing action of FGF21 in insulin-resistant mouse models—association with liver and adipose tissue effects

Xu, J., Stanislaus, S., Chinookoswong, N., Lau, Y. Y., Hager, T., Patel, J., Ge, H., Weiszmann, J., Lu, S.-C., Graham, M., et al. (2009) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00348.2009 · Cited by 340 · see citing works

FGF‐21/FGF‐21 receptor interaction and activation is determined by βKlotho

Kharitonenkov, A., Dunbar, J. D., Bina, H. A., Bright, S. W., Moyers, J. S., Zhang, C., Ding, L., Micanovic, R., Mehrbod, S. F., Knierman, M. D., et al. (2007) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.21357 · Cited by 329 · see citing works

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Controls Glycemia via Regulation of Hepatic Glucose Flux and Insulin Sensitivity

Berglund, E. D., Li, C. Y., Bina, H. A., Lynes, S. E., Michael, M. D., Shanafelt, A. B., Kharitonenkov, A., & Wasserman, D. H. (2009) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2009-0221 · Cited by 297 · see citing works

Adipose Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Is Up-Regulated by Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ and Altered Metabolic States

Muise, E. S., Azzolina, B., Kuo, D. W., El-Sherbeini, M., Tan, Y., Yuan, X., Mu, J., Thompson, J. R., Berger, J. P., & Wong, K. K. (2008) · Molecular Pharmacology · doi:10.1124/mol.108.044826 · Cited by 294 · see citing works

Acute Exercise Induces FGF21 Expression in Mice and in Healthy Humans

Kim, K. H., Kim, S. H., Min, Y.-K., Yang, H.-M., Lee, J.-B., & Lee, M.-S. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063517 · Cited by 290 · see citing works

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Action in the Brain Increases Energy Expenditure and Insulin Sensitivity in Obese Rats

Sarruf, D. A., Thaler, J. P., Morton, G. J., German, J. P., Fischer, J. D., Ogimoto, K., & Schwartz, M. W. (2010) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db09-1878 · Cited by 287 · see citing works

The fasting polypeptide FGF21 can enter brain from blood

Hsuchou, H., Pan, W., & Kastin, A. J. (2007) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2007.10.007 · Cited by 280 · see citing works

The breadth of FGF21's metabolic actions are governed by FGFR1 in adipose tissue

Adams, A. C., Yang, C., Coskun, T., Cheng, C. C., Gimeno, R. E., Luo, Y., & Kharitonenkov, A. (2013) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2012.08.007 · Cited by 266 · see citing works

Adiponectin, driver or passenger on the road to insulin sensitivity?

Ye, R., & Scherer, P. E. (2013) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2013.04.001 · Cited by 251 · see citing works

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Mediates Specific Glucagon Actions

Habegger, K. M., Stemmer, K., Cheng, C., Müller, T. D., Heppner, K. M., Ottaway, N., Holland, J., Hembree, J. L., Smiley, D., Gelfanov, V., et al. (2013) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db12-1116 · Cited by 245 · see citing works

FGF21 contributes to neuroendocrine control of female reproduction

Owen, B. M., Bookout, A. L., Ding, X., Lin, V. Y., Atkin, S. D., Gautron, L., Kliewer, S. A., & Mangelsdorf, D. J. (2013) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.3250 · Cited by 230 · see citing works

Integrated Regulation of Hepatic Metabolism by Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) in Vivo

Fisher, F. M., Estall, J. L., Adams, A. C., Antonellis, P. J., Bina, H. A., Flier, J. S., Kharitonenkov, A., Spiegelman, B. M., & Maratos–Flier, E. (2011) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2011-0281 · Cited by 229 · see citing works

Apolipoprotein C-III and the Metabolic Basis for Hypertriglyceridemia and the Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Phenotype

Zheng, C., Khoo, C., Furtado, J., & Sacks, F. M. (2010) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.109.875807 · Cited by 223 · see citing works

Treating Diabetes and Obesity with an FGF21-Mimetic Antibody Activating the βKlotho/FGFR1c Receptor Complex

Foltz, I. N., Hu, S., King, C., Wu, X., Yang, C., Wang, W., Weiszmann, J., Stevens, J., Chen, J. S., Nuanmanee, N., et al. (2012) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3004690 · Cited by 211 · see citing works

Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 Is Induced in Human Skeletal Muscles by Hyperinsulinemia

Hojman, P., Pedersen, M., Nielsen, A. R., Krogh-Madsen, R., Yfanti, C., Åkerstrom, T., Nielsen, S., & Pedersen, B. K. (2009) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db09-0713 · Cited by 198 · see citing works

Molecular determinants of FGF‐21 activity—synergy and cross‐talk with PPARγ signaling

Moyers, J. S., Shiyanova, T. L., Mehrbod, F., Dunbar, J. D., Noblitt, T. W., Otto, K. A., Reifel-Miller, A. E., & Kharitonenkov, A. (2006) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.20847 · Cited by 193 · see citing works

Amelioration of Type 2 Diabetes by Antibody-Mediated Activation of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1

Wu, A.-L., Kolumam, G., Stawicki, S., Chen, Y., Li, J., Zavala-Solorio, J., Phamluong, K., Feng, B., Li, L., Marsters, S., et al. (2011) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3002669 · Cited by 184 · see citing works

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Induces Glucose Transporter-1 Expression through Activation of the Serum Response Factor/Ets-Like Protein-1 in Adipocytes

Ge, X., Chen, C., Hui, X. H., Wang, Y., Lam, K. S. L., & Xu, A. (2011) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m111.248591 · Cited by 181 · see citing works

FGF21 Requires βklotho to Act In Vivo

Adams, A. C., Cheng, C. C., Coskun, T., & Kharitonenkov, A. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0049977 · Cited by 181 · see citing works

High Plasma Level of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Is an Independent Predictor of Type 2 Diabetes

Chen, C., Cheung, B. M. Y., Tso, A. W. K., Wang, Y., Law, L. S., Ong, K. L., Wat, N. M. S., Xu, A., & Lam, K. S. L. (2011) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc11-0294 · Cited by 181 · see citing works

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Reduces the Severity of Cerulein-Induced Pancreatitis in Mice

Johnson, C. L., Weston, J. Y., Chadi, S. A., Fazio, E. N., Huff, M. W., Kharitonenkov, A., Köester, A., & Pin, C. L. (2009) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2009.07.064 · Cited by 180 · see citing works

Differential Specificity of Endocrine FGF19 and FGF21 to FGFR1 and FGFR4 in Complex with KLB

Yang, C., Jin, C., Li, X., Wang, F., McKeehan, W. L., & Luo, Y. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033870 · Cited by 173 · see citing works

LY2405319, an engineered FGF21 variant, improves the metabolic status of diabetic monkeys

Adams, A. C., Halstead, C. A., Hansen, B. C., Irizarry, A. R., Martin, J. A., Myers, S. R., Reynolds, V. L., Smith, H. W., Wroblewski, V. J., & Kharitonenkov, A. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0065763 · Cited by 169 · see citing works

Rational Design of a Fibroblast Growth Factor 21-Based Clinical Candidate, LY2405319

Kharitonenkov, A., Beals, J. M., Micanovic, R., Strifler, B. A., Rathnachalam, R., Wroblewski, V. J., Li, S., Köester, A., Ford, A. M., Coşkun, T., et al. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0058575 · Cited by 168 · see citing works

Rationale-Based Engineering of a Potent Long-Acting FGF21 Analog for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes

Hecht, R. I., Li, Y., Sun, J., Belouski, E., Hall, M. P., Hager, T., Yie, J., Wang, W., Winters, D., Smith, S. H., et al. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0049345 · Cited by 166 · see citing works

Fibroblast growth factor 21 is induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress

Schaap, F. G., Kremer, A. E., Lamers, W. H., Jansen, P. L. M., & Gaemers, I. C. (2012) · Biochimie · doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2012.10.019 · Cited by 164 · see citing works

FGF21 Analogs of Sustained Action Enabled by Orthogonal Biosynthesis Demonstrate Enhanced Antidiabetic Pharmacology in Rodents

Mu, J., Pinkstaff, J. K., Li, Z., Skidmore, L. K., Li, N., Myler, H. A., Dallas-Yang, Q., Hays, A. A., Yao, J., Bussell, S., et al. (2011) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db11-0838 · Cited by 162 · see citing works

Restoration of leptin responsiveness in diet‐induced obese mice using an optimized leptin analog in combination with exendin‐4 or FGF21

Müller, T. D., Sullivan, L. M., Habegger, K., Yi, C., Kabra, D., Grant, E., Ottaway, N., Krishna, R., Holland, J., Hembree, J., et al. (2012) · Journal of Peptide Science · doi:10.1002/psc.2408 · Cited by 156 · see citing works

Circulating Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Is Induced by Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Agonists But Not Ketosis in Man

Christodoulides, C., Dyson, P., Sprecher, D., Tsintzas, K., & Karpe, F. (2009) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2009-0111 · Cited by 153 · see citing works

FGF21 N‐ and C‐termini play different roles in receptor interaction and activation

Yie, J., Hecht, R., Patel, J., Stevens, J., Wang, W., Hawkins, N., Steavenson, S., Smith, S., Winters, D., Fisher, S., et al. (2009) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2008.11.023 · Cited by 149 · see citing works

Long-Acting FGF21 Has Enhanced Efficacy in Diet-Induced Obese Mice and in Obese Rhesus Monkeys

Véniant, M. M., Komorowski, R., Chen, P., Stanislaus, S., Winters, K., Hager, T., Zhou, L., Wada, R., Hecht, R. I., & Xu, J. (2012) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2012-1211 · Cited by 147 · see citing works

Relevant use of Klotho in FGF19 subfamily signaling system in vivo

Tomiyama, K.-I., Maeda, R., Urakawa, I., Yamazaki, Y., Tanaka, T., Ito, S., Nabeshima, Y., Tomita, T., Odori, S., Hosoda, K., et al. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0913986107 · Cited by 143 · see citing works

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid

Tan, B. K., Hallschmid, M., Adya, R., Kern, W., Lehnert, H., & Randeva, H. S. (2011) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db11-0672 · Cited by 129 · see citing works

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Predicts the Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes in Caucasians

Bobbert, T., Schwarz, F., Fischer‐Rosinsky, A., Pfeiffer, A. F. H., Möhlig, M., Mai, K., & Spranger, J. (2012) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc12-0703 · Cited by 125 · see citing works

Development of a Novel Long-Acting Antidiabetic FGF21 Mimetic by Targeted Conjugation to a Scaffold Antibody

Huang, J., Ishino, T., Chen, G., Rolzin, P., Osothprarop, T. F., Retting, K., Li, L., Jin, P., Matin, M. J., Huyghe, B., et al. (2013) · The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1124/jpet.113.204420 · Cited by 121 · see citing works

Distinct Changes in Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Levels in Different Subtypes of Diabetes

Xiao, Y., Xu, A., Law, L. S., Chen, C., Li, H., Li, X., Yang, L., Liu, S., Zhou, Z., & Lam, K. S. L. (2011) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2011-1930 · Cited by 102 · see citing works

Understanding the Physical Interactions in the FGF21/FGFR/β‐Klotho Complex: Structural Requirements and Implications in FGF21 Signaling

Yie, J., Wang, W., Deng, L., Tam, L., Stevens, J., Chen, M. M., Li, Y., Xu, J., Lindberg, R., Hecht, R., et al. (2012) · Chemical Biology & Drug Design · doi:10.1111/j.1747-0285.2012.01325.x · Cited by 99 · see citing works

FGF-21, a novel metabolic regulator, has a robust neuroprotective role and is markedly elevated in neurons by mood stabilizers

Leng, Y., Wang, Z., Tsai, L.-K., Leeds, P. R., Fessler, E. B., Wang, J., & Chuang, D. M. (2014) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2013.192 · Cited by 96 · see citing works

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) Inhibits Chondrocyte Function and Growth Hormone Action Directly at the Growth Plate

Wu, S., Levenson, A. E., Kharitonenkov, A., & Luca, F. D. (2012) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m112.343707 · Cited by 94 · see citing works

Glucagon increases circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 independently of endogenous insulin levels: a novel mechanism of glucagon-stimulated lipolysis?

Arafat, A. M., Kaczmarek, P., Skrzypski, M., Pruszyńska‐Oszmałek, E., Kolodziejski, P. A., Szczepankiewicz, D., Sassek, M., Wojciechowicz, T., Wiedenmann, B. J., Pfeiffer, A. F. H., et al. (2012) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-012-2803-y · Cited by 90 · see citing works

Fine tuning of hepcidin expression by positive and negative regulators

Muckenthaler, M. U. (2008) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2008.06.009 · Cited by 83 · see citing works

Fibroblast growth factor 21 is not required for the antidiabetic actions of the thiazoladinediones

Adams, A. C., Coşkun, T., Cheng, C., O’Farrell, L. S., DuBois, S. L., & Kharitonenkov, A. (2013) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2013.05.005 · Cited by 75 · see citing works

Plasma FGF21 displays a circadian rhythm during a 72‐h fast in healthy female volunteers

Andersen, B., Beck‐Nielsen, H., & Højlund, K. (2011) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2011.04084.x · Cited by 74 · see citing works

Differential Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Ligand-Binding Mass Spectrometry for Analysis of Biotransformation of Protein Therapeutics: Application to Various FGF21 Modalities

Hager, T., Spahr, C. S., Xu, J., Salimi-Moosavi, H., & Hall, M. P. (2013) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ac303203y · Cited by 62 · see citing works

Polyethylene Glycol Modified FGF21 Engineered to Maximize Potency and Minimize Vacuole Formation

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FGF21 Can Be Mimicked In Vitro and In Vivo by a Novel Anti-FGFR1c/β-Klotho Bispecific Protein

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