The dopaminergic hypothesis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder needs re-examining
Abstract
Although psychostimulants alleviate the core symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), recent studies confirm that their impact on the long-term outcomes of ADHD children is null. Psychostimulants enhance extracellular dopamine. Numerous review articles assert that they correct an underlying dopaminergic deficit of genetic origin. This dopamine-deficit theory of ADHD is often based upon an overly simplistic dopaminergic theory of reward. Here, I question the relevance of this theory regarding ADHD. I underline the weaknesses of the neurochemical, genetic, neuropharmacological and imaging data put forward to support the dopamine-deficit hypothesis of ADHD. Therefore, this hypothesis should not be put forward to bias ADHD management towards psychostimulants.
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Changes in dopaminergic signaling have long been implicated in ADHD.
“Regarding the latter, changes in dopaminergic signaling have long been implicated in ADHD ( [48], but see [49])”
From Linking ADHD to the Neural Circuitry of Attention (2017) · cites this paper as [49]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Gonon, F.
- Venue
- Trends in Neurosciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-01
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 2-8
- ISSN
- 0166-2236 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2140562663
- Cited by
- 79
- References
- 83
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 0.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Trends in Neurosciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, psychostimulants, extracellular dopamine, reward, neuropharmacology, neuroimaging, ADHD management
- MeSH terms
- Central Nervous System Stimulants, Animals, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Dopamine, Humans, Psychological Theory
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