Cited by 177Birth, Development, and HealthStress Responses and CortisolAdrenal Hormones and Disorders

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Role of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in developmental programming of health and disease

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Xiong, Fuxia, Zhang, Lubo·2013·Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

DOI 10.1016/j.yfrne.2012.11.002PMC PMC3594480

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Abstract

Adverse environments during the fetal and neonatal development period may permanently program physiology and metabolism, and lead to increased risk of diseases in later life. Programming of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is one of the key mechanisms that contribute to altered metabolism and response to stress. Programming of the HPA axis often involves epigenetic modification of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) gene promoter, which influences tissue-specific GR expression patterns and response to stimuli. This review summarizes the current state of research on the HPA axis and programming of health and disease in the adult, focusing on the epigenetic regulation of GR gene expression patterns in response to fetal and neonatal stress. Aberrant GR gene expression patterns in the developing brain may have a significant negative impact on protection of the immature brain against hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in the critical period of development during and immediately after birth.

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Authors: Xiong, F., & Zhang, L.
Affiliations: Loma Linda University Medical Center (US)
Venue: Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2013-01
Volume: 34
Issue: 1
Pages: 27-46
ISSN: 0091-3022 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2012.11.002
PMC: PMC3594480
OpenAlex: W2079889983
Cited by: 177
References: 330
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 7
FWCI: 1.75
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL057787, HL-082779, HL083966, R01HL082779, HL-089012, HL067745, HL-110125, R01HL089012, R01HL067745, R01HL083966, R01HL110125, R01HL118861)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD-031226, P01HD031226)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
Keywords: hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, developmental programming, fetal programming, neonatal stress, glucocorticoid receptor, epigenetic regulation, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, brain development, stress response, metabolism
MeSH terms: Animals, Humans, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Receptors, Glucocorticoid, Stress, Physiological, Epigenesis, Genetic

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Role of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in developmental programming of health and disease

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