Alzheimer's Disease Aβ Vaccine Reduces Central Nervous System Aβ Levels in a Non-Human Primate, the Caribbean Vervet
Open accessAbstract
Amyloid beta (Abeta) protein immunotherapy lowers cerebral Abeta and improves cognition in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here we show that Caribbean vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops, SK) develop cerebral Abeta plaques with aging and that these deposits are associated with gliosis and neuritic dystrophy. Five aged vervets were immunized with Abeta peptide over 10 months. Plasma and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected periodically from the immunized vervets and five aged controls; one monkey per group expired during the study. By Day 42, immunized animals generated plasma Abeta antibodies that labeled Abeta plaques in human, AD transgenic mouse and vervet brains; bound Abeta1-7; and recognized monomeric and oligomeric Abeta but not full-length amyloid precursor protein nor its C-terminal fragments. Low anti-Abeta titers were detected in CSF. Abetax-40 levels were elevated approximately 2- to 5-fold in plasma and decreased up to 64% in CSF in immunized vervets. Insoluble Abetax-42 was decreased by 66% in brain homogenates of the four immunized animals compared to archival tissues from 13 age-matched control vervets. Abeta42-immunoreactive plaques were detected in frontal cortex in 11 of the 13 control animals, but not in six brain regions examined in each of the four immunized vervets. No T cell response or inflammation was observed. Our study is the first to demonstrate age-related Abeta deposition in the vervet monkey as well as the lowering of cerebral Abeta by Abeta vaccination in a non-human primate. The findings further support Abeta immunotherapy as a potential prevention and treatment of AD.
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Neuritic plaques can be observed in vervets, some with phosphorylated tau immunoreactive dystrophic neurites.
“Neuritic plaques can be observed, some with phosphorylated tau immunoreactive dystrophic neurites [88].”
From Alzheimer's disease: experimental models and reality (2017) · cites this paper as [88]
Vervets have evidence of Aβ deposition, gliosis and neuronal dystrophy with age.
“Vervets live to approximately 30 years in captivity and have evidence of Aβ deposition, gliosis and neuronal dystrophy with age [72, 88, 89].”
From Alzheimer's disease: experimental models and reality (2017) · cites this paper as [88]
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- Authors
- Lemere, C. A., Beierschmitt, A., Iglesias, M., Spooner, E. T., Bloom, J. K., Leverone, J. F., Zheng, J. B., Seabrook, T. J., Louard, D., Li, D., Selkoe, D. J., Palmour, R. M., & Ervin, F. R.
- Affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- McGill University (CA)
- ORCID
- Venue
- The American Journal of Pathology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-07
- Volume
- 165
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 283-297
- ISSN
- 0002-9440 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC1618542
- OpenAlex
- W1967777458
- Cited by
- 230
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 8.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal Of Pathology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Foundation for Neurologic Diseases
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, amyloid-beta immunotherapy, Chlorocebus aethiops, anti-amyloid antibodies, amyloid-beta 42, Aβ40, cerebrospinal fluid, gliosis, nonhuman primate model
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Central Nervous System, Chlorocebus aethiops, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Mice, Transgenic, Peptide Fragments, Time Factors, Blotting, Western, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Neocortex, Alzheimer Vaccines, Mice, Plaque, Amyloid
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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