The DOI matches its Crossref record; 167 of the 168 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Implementation intentions and goal achievement: a meta-analysis of effects and processes
Open accessOverview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Also, as reviewed by Gollwitzer and Sheeran (2006), adapting specific implementation intentions (“if-then”-plans rather than overall goal intentions) may have a strong effect on goal attainment.”
From How Study Environments Foster Academic Procrastination: Overview and Recommendations (2020) · cites this paper as Gollwitzer and Sheeran, 2006
In the citing paper
“For women with, or at risk of GDM, bridging this intention–behaviour gap is likely to require specific action planning alongside concise, credible and condition‐relevant guidance [53, 54].”
From Preconception Perceptions, Knowledge and Behaviours of Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Qualitative Study (2026) · cites this paper as [53]
In the citing paper
“One encourages people to form realistic, concrete plans for how to implement their new health-related goals in specific situations (Gollwitzer & Sheeran 2006).”
From The Psychology of Change: Self-Affirmation and Social Psychological Intervention (2014) · cites this paper as Gollwitzer & Sheeran 2006
In the citing paper
“Gollwitzer and Sheeran (2006) found that implementation intentions had a positive effect on improving goal attainment in terms of achievements, relationships, and health, with a medium to large effect size [Cohen' d = 0.65 (95% CI = 0.6, 0.7)].”
From A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Mental Contrasting With Implementation Intentions on Goal Attainment (2021) · cites this paper as Gollwitzer and Sheeran (2006)
In the citing paper
“Studies show that implementing study intentions and plans enhances self-regulation and performance (Gollwitzer & Sheeran, 2006;Schwinger & Otterpohl, 2017).”
From The Potential of Exam Wrappers in Higher Education Assessment Practice: Fostering Self-Efficacy Through Guided Self-Reflection (2025) · cites this paper as Gollwitzer & Sheeran, 2006
In the citing paper
“we synthesized the evidence across these studies, as implementation intentions are considered a domain‐general self‐regulation strategy applicable to a wide range of goals.”
From The effectiveness of implementation intentions in children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis (2026) · cites this paper as Gollwitzer & Sheeran, 2006
In the citing paper
“As recently reported in a meta-analysis, implementation intentions facilitate the attainment of all kinds of goals (e.g., academic, health, and interpersonal goals; Gollwitzer & Sheeran, 2006).”
From Implementation Intentions Facilitate Response Inhibition in Children with ADHD (2008) · cites this paper as Gollwitzer & Sheeran, 2006
Citations
Cites
The theory of planned behavior
Ajzen, I. (1991) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-t · Cited by 90,587
Self-efficacy: The exercise of control
Bandura, A., Freeman, W. H., & Lightsey, R. (1999) · Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1891/0889-8391.13.2.158 · Cited by 46,835
(1975) · PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation) · Cited by 36,737
Self-efficacy: the exercise of control
(1997) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.35-1826 · Cited by 24,451
(1964) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 10,439
Wasserman, S. S., Hedges, L. V., & Olkin, I. (1988) · Journal of Educational Statistics · doi:10.2307/1164953 · Cited by 10,377
Efficacy of the Theory of Planned Behaviour: A meta‐analytic review
Armitage, C. J., & Conner, M. (2001) · British Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1348/014466601164939 · Cited by 9,970 · cited 1×
“Although accumulated research supports this idea (e.g., Armitage & Conner, 2001; Sheeran, 2002; Sutton, 1998), there is also contrary evidence that gives credence to the proverb that ‘‘the road to hell is paved with good intentions’’ (Orbell & Sheeran, 1998; Sheeran, 2002).”
ResultCohen, J. (1992) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037//0033-2909.112.1.155 · Cited by 8,771
(1999) · Cited by 6,308
Loewenstein, G. F., Weber, E. U., Hsee, C. K., & Welch, N. (2001) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.127.2.267 · Cited by 5,955
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Gollwitzer, 1990, Action phases and mindsets, Vol. 2, 53
- Mischel, 1978, Effective plans for self‐control in children, Vol. 11, 199
- Shah, 2003, Goal systems theory: Integrating the cognitive and motivational aspects of self‐regulation. A goal systems approach to self‐regulation, Vol. 9, 247
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 1,801–1,900 of 3,241
What makes a good action plan? Characteristics and enactment of fruit and vegetable plans
Domke, A., Keller, J., Fleig, L., Knoll, N., & Schwarzer, R. (2019) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2019.104351 · Cited by 9
Birrer, D. (2019) · Case Studies in Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/cssep.2019-0006 · Cited by 8
“Accordingly, implementation intentions (Gollwitzer & Sheeran, 2006) were adopted with success.”
Methodde Ridder, D. T. D., Gillebaart, M., & Friese, M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.040 · Cited by 9
Epton, T., & Armitage, C. J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.038 · Cited by 8
Romain, A. J., Cadet, R., & Baillot, A. (2020) · Science of Nursing and Health Practices · doi:10.31770/2561-7516.1084 · Cited by 8
“Therefore, it is possible that people with psychosis have difficulties to overcome their intention — behaviour gap regarding physical activity practice (Gollwitzer & Sheeran, 2006; Sailer et al., 2015).”
BackgroundMethodThe Role of Individual and Dyadic Planning in Couples’ Daily Goal Pursuits
Katzenelenbogen, O., Knoll, N., Stadler, G., & Bar‐Kalifa, E. (2021) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167221997630 · Cited by 8
“In a metaanalysis by Gollwitzer and Sheeran (2006), a medium-tolarge positive effect size (d = .65) was found for the effect of implementation intentions on goal attainment.”
BackgroundPromoting awareness of donation‐related iron depletion among high risk blood donors
France, J. L., France, C. R., Rebosa, M., Shaz, B. H., & Kessler, D. A. (2021) · Transfusion · doi:10.1111/trf.16694 · Cited by 8
“Those who responded yes (the “plan” group) received information on the use of simple implementation intention and cueing techniques to facilitate the translation of intentions into behavioral action.(24,25) First, they were prompted to determine their preference for taking a daily multivitamin with iron or a daily iro…”
MethodWegwarth, O., Ludwig, W., Spies, C., Schulte, E., & Hertwig, R. (2021) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2021.10.002 · Cited by 8
“A greater proportion of patients in the simulated experience group indicated having started an alternative therapy; this was also the case for implementing intended behavior [48] after 9 months.”
BackgroundMauduy, M., Bagneux, V., & Sénémeaud, C. (2021) · School Psychology Review · doi:10.1080/2372966x.2021.1978272 · Cited by 8
Effects of plan specificity and eveningness–morningness orientation on health goal pursuit
Sinha, J., & Lu, F. (2021) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.21624 · Cited by 8
Lancaster, K., Thomson, S. J., Chiaravalloti, N. D., & Genova, H. M. (2022) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2022.103643 · Cited by 9
Intention-based engineering for process plants
Markaj, A., Fay, A., Schoch, N., Stärk, K. D. C., & Hoernicke, M. (2022) · IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon) · doi:10.1109/syscon53536.2022.9773910 · Cited by 8
Rigby, R. R., Williams, L. T., MITCHELL, L. J., Ball, L., & Hamilton, K. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0278984 · Cited by 14
“The model outlines the factors that relate to the motivational processes that lead to intention formation [18, 19], the self-regulatory and volitional processes that facilitate the translation of intentions to behaviour [20, 21], and the non-conscious, implicit processes that lead to behavioural engagement beyond an i…”
BackgroundHarrison, C., Gameiro, S., & Boivin, J. (2023) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/deac272 · Cited by 8
“The logic model was informed by theory (e.g. Gollwitzer and Sheeran, 2006), the integrated model of fertility care (Boivin, et al. 2012), systematic reviews on treatment compliance (Gameiro et al. , 2012, Gameiro et al. , 2013) and empirical cross-sectional studies about planning for multi-cycle…”
BackgroundMethodKeep Nice and Carry on: Effect of Niceness on Well-Being
Białobrzeska, O., Baba, J., Bedyńska, S., Cichocka, A. K., Cisłak, A., Formanowicz, M., Gocłowska, M. A., Jakubik, Z., & Kozakiewicz, K. (2023) · Basic and Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/01973533.2023.2239410 · Cited by 8
“…would actually perform the assigned tasks, participants were asked to plan to do these tasks in a more concrete manner using the if-then technique (Gollwitzer & Sheeran, 2006), e.g., a task “When I get up, I will make the bed”, could be planned as “When I leave the bathroom after my morning…”
MethodDavies, B., De Marco, G., Levy, N. L., & Savulescu, J. (2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780192872234.001.0001 · Cited by 7
Hot or not: Visceral influences on coping planning for weight loss attempts
de Ridder, D. T. D., Ouwehand, C., Stok, F. M., & Aarts, F. J. (2010) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870440903564332 · Cited by 8
“…behaviour (e.g. ‘If it is four o’clock and I feel like taking a snack, then I will eat an apple’) and in situations that threaten goal-directed behaviour (e.g. ‘If somebody offers me a piece of pie at a party, I will tell them that I am trying to eat more healthily’) (Gollwitzer & Sheeran, 2006).”
BackgroundPrerecruitment organizational perceptions and recruitment website information processing
Hinojosa, A. S., Walker, H. J., & Payne, G. T. (2015) · The International Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.1080/09585192.2014.1003081 · Cited by 8
Social psychology of health and illness
Dijkstra, A., & Rothman, A. J. (2008) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511801921.010 · Cited by 8
de Bruijna, G.-J. (2011) · Health Education Journal · doi:10.1177/0017896911425553 · Cited by 8
Designing Healthy Consumption Support: Mobile application use added to (e)Coach Solution
Simons, L. P. A., Hampe, J. F., & Guldemond, N. (2012) · Journal of the Association for Information Systems · Cited by 8
Johansson, O. J., & Fyhri, A. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01957 · Cited by 8
“While mostly used for health behaviors, it has also proven effective in general applications (Gollwitzer and Sheeran, 2006; Prestwich et al., 2015).”
BackgroundInfluentialHenley, W. H., Ranganathan, S. K., & Gurtu, A. (2018) · International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing · doi:10.1002/nvsm.1626 · Cited by 8
Chan, S., Zhang, H., & Nanayakkara, S. C. (2019) · Augmented Human International Conference · doi:10.1145/3311823.3311870 · Cited by 10
Jagt, R. K. V. ’., Tan, S. L., Hoeks, J. C. J., Spoorenberg, S. L. W., Reijneveld, S. A., de Winter, A. F., Lippke, S., & Jansen, C. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16193726 · Cited by 8
“The concrete behavioral and verbal responses embedded in the photo story scenarios provide ‘If-Then’ plans or implementation intentions, which have been shown to help people reaching goals [59].”
BackgroundVandergoot, S., Sarris, A., Kirby, N. H., & Harries, J. (2020) · Performance Improvement Quarterly · doi:10.1002/piq.21323 · Cited by 8
Schwarz, U., & Gawrilow, C. (2019) · Psychology in Russia State of Art · doi:10.11621/pir.2019.0401 · Cited by 8
“If-then plans have now been studied in a wide variety of applications and have been found to help people keep healthy diets and increased their physical activity (Achtziger, Gollwitzer, & Sheeran, 2008; Gollwitzer & Sheeran, 2006).”
BackgroundMore than a snapshot: dynamic value-in-use emergence in e-services
Bulawa, N., & Jacob, F. (2021) · Electronic Markets · doi:10.1007/s12525-021-00502-2 · Cited by 8
“…research streams have emerged within this theoretical view, such as implementation models (e.g., Gollwitzer, 1993; Gollwitzer & Moskowitz, 1996; Gollwitzer & Sheeran, 2006), regulatory fit between goals and goal-striving behavior (e.g., Dweck, 2000; Higgins, 1 3 2000, 2005), and achievement…”
BackgroundAdvances in Motivation in Exercise and Physical Activity
Hagger, M. S. (2012) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195399820.013.0027 · Cited by 8
Setting One's Mind on Action: Planning Out Goal Striving in Advance
Gollwitzer, P. M. (2015) · Emerging Trends in the Social and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1002/9781118900772.etrds0298 · Cited by 8
“A meta-analysis published in 2006 based on close to a hundred implementation intention studies showed a medium to large effect on increased rate of goal attainment (d = 0.61; Gollwitzer & Sheeran, 2006).”
MethodInfluentialSelf-citationSelf-Control in Cyberspace: Applying Dual Systems Theory to Digital Self-Control ToolsPreprint
Lyngs, U., Lukoff, K., Slovák, P., Binns, R., Slack, A., Inzlicht, M., Kleek, M. G. V., & Shadbolt, N. (2019) · SocArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31235/osf.io/685tm · Cited by 8
Werner, K. M., Sjåstad, H., Milyavskaya, M., & Hofmann, W. (2020) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/m9u4e · Cited by 9
Grounding Motivation for Behaviour ChangePreprint
Papies, E. K., Barsalou, L. W., Claassen, M. A., Davis, T., Farrar, S. T., Gauthier, E., Rodger, A., Tatar, B., Wehbe, L. H., & Werner, J. (2022) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/j94vb · Cited by 8
Developing a brief acceptance and commitment therapy model for industrial psychologists
Van Lill, X., & Van Lill, R. (2022) · SA Journal of Industrial Psychology · doi:10.4102/sajip.v48i0.1897 · Cited by 7
“These statements can assist in formulating the when, where and how of implementation intentions to concretise the achievement of goals (Gollwitcher & Sheeran, 2006).”
BackgroundHoch, E., Scheiter, K., & Stalbovs, K. (2023) · British Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjop.12620 · Cited by 7
Abbott, S., de Wit, J. B. F., Rawstorne, P., & Reynolds, R. C. (2019) · Sport Exercise and Performance Psychology · doi:10.1037/spy0000193 · Cited by 7
Mackiewicz, M. (2022) · Quality & Quantity · doi:10.1007/s11135-022-01337-5 · Cited by 7
“In a meta-analysis, Gollwitzer & Sheeran (2006) found that intention strength explained only 28% of the variance in behaviour.”
BackgroundMethodBaluku, M. M. (2024) · Journal of Enterprising Communities People and Places in the Global Economy · doi:10.1108/jec-01-2024-0008 · Cited by 7
Yashika, Y., & Prakash, D. (2024) · Basic and Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/01973533.2024.2418857 · Cited by 7
Behavioral barriers to sustainable action in project management and how to overcome them
Friedrich, K., & Wehnert, P. (2025) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2025.102747 · Cited by 7
Empowering responsible online gambling by real-time persuasive information systems
Drosatos, G., Nalbadis, F., Arden-Close, E. J., Baines, V., Bolat, E., Vuillier, L., Κωστούλας, Θ., Wasowska, S., Bonello, M., Palles, J., et al. (2018) · International Conference on Research Challenges in Information Science (RCIS) · doi:10.1109/rcis.2018.8406671 · Cited by 8
“from unwanted influences and reduction in disengagement [16].”
BackgroundBjorvatn, K., Ekström, M., & Pires, A. J. G. (2021) · Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization · doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2021.06.013 · Cited by 8
Lucock, M. P., Borthwick, R., Cupac, J., Elliott, R., Howell, R., Kendal, S., Khan, W., Sandford, D. M., & Tolley, B. (2021) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2021.1959079 · Cited by 7
Motivation, Volition, and Implementation in Coaching
Greif, S. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-81938-5_53 · Cited by 7
Recommendations when Designing to Address Procrastination: A Psychological Perspective
Andreae, H., Durrant, A. C., & Kyffin, S. (2019) · doi:10.21428/5395bc37.06a2ebf3 · Cited by 8
“Implementation intentions is a psychological strategy employing pre-decisions to reduce spikes in cognitive load [62].”
BackgroundVankov, D., & Vankov, B. (2023) · Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship · doi:10.1186/s13731-023-00331-x · Cited by 13
Lindsey, M. A., Mufson, L. H., Vélez‐Grau, C., Grogan, T., Wilson, D. M., Reliford, A. O., Gunlicks‐Stoessel, M., & Jaccard, J. J. (2024) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-024-07947-8 · Cited by 7
“Rarely has the attitudinal dimen-sion been considered relative to clinical outcomes in MH treatment engagement, despite the empirical evidence that certain cognitive factors (e.g., attitudinal buy-in) explain 27–40% of variance in behavioral change [13, 16, 17].”
BackgroundHöper, L., Schulte, C., & Mühling, A. (2024) · ACM Conference on International Computing Education Research (ICER) · doi:10.1145/3632620.3671118 · Cited by 11
“One type of behavioral intention is implementation intention, which involves planning to realize a goal in specific situations, that is, committing to a particular course of actions and behavior [1, 35].”
InfluentialOldham, M., Okpako, T., Leppin, C., Garnett, C. V., Dinu, L. M., Stevely, A. K., Jones, A., & Holmes, J. (2024) · PLOS Digital Health · doi:10.1371/journal.pdig.0000523 · Cited by 7
Ebert, J. E. J., & Lin, X. Y. (2024) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1093/abm/kaae045 · Cited by 8
‘Pleasureful self-control’? A new perspective on old problems
Becker, D., Bernecker, K., Guobyte, A., & Ganama, D. (2024) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101888 · Cited by 7
Ionescu, O., Collange, J., & Tavani, J. (2024) · British Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjso.12804 · Cited by 7
Baluku, M. M. (2024) · Small Enterprise Research · doi:10.1080/13215906.2024.2433267 · Cited by 7
Implementation Intentions Increase Parent–Teacher Communication Among Latinos
Arriaga, X. B., & Longoria, Z. N. (2011) · Basic and Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/01973533.2011.614142 · Cited by 7
“We manipulated implementation intentions as in published studies whereby participants develop ‘‘if–then’’ plans specifying the conditions under which they plan to enact the desired behavior (Gollwitzer & Sheeran, 2006).”
InfluentialAlbada, A., van Dulmen, S., Dijkstra, H., Wieffer, I., Witkamp, A. J., & Ausems, M. G. E. M. (2015) · Journal of Genetic Counseling · doi:10.1007/s10897-015-9869-x · Cited by 7
“Moreover, behavior change (i.e., starting or stopping periodic surveillance) is facilitated by discussing how the change may be undertaken (Gollwitzer and Sheeran 2006).”
BackgroundReducing anger outbursts after a severe TBI: a single-case study
Rochat, L., Manolov, R., Aboulafia-Brakha, T., Burkard, C., & der Linden, M. V. (2016) · Neuropsychological Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09602011.2016.1270837 · Cited by 9
“Indeed, in a metaanalysis examining the efficacy of implementation intentions, Gollwitzer and Sheeran (2006) showed a moderate to strong effect size (d = 0.65) for participants from the community and a large effect size in clinical samples (d = 1.10).”
BackgroundInfluentialEntrepreneurial Intention and Values: Results from a Russian Population Survey
Шмидт, П., & Tatarko, A. N. (2016) · Психология Журнал Высшей школы экономики · doi:10.17323/1813-8918-2016-2-240-255 · Cited by 7
Leof, E. R., Zhu, X., Rabe, K. G., McCormick, J. B., Petersen, G. M., & Breitkopf, C. R. (2019) · Genetics in Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41436-019-0517-y · Cited by 7
Evaluation of Behavior Change Interventions
Matthews, L., & Simpson, S. A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.022 · Cited by 8
The association of autonomy support on memory need satisfaction and goal progress
Chua, S. N., Philippe, F. L., & Bouizegarene, N. (2021) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-021-09872-8 · Cited by 7
“A meta-analysis showed that self-report and objective goal measures are comparable and supported the validity of self-report goal progress measures (Gollwitzer and Sheeran 2006).”
BackgroundResultLin, H., Yu, P., Yang, M., Wu, D., Wang, Z., An, J., Duan, H., & Deng, N. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.721223 · Cited by 8
Self-Control as Conceptual Framework to Understand and Support People Who Use Drugs During Sex
Platteau, T., Florence, É., & de Wit, J. B. F. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.894415 · Cited by 7
Using Daily Creativity Planning to Promote Creative Behavior
Liu, T., Пин, Л., Zhang, S. Z., & Liu, W. (2022) · The Journal of Creative Behavior · doi:10.1002/jocb.563 · Cited by 12
Blalock, D. V., Schrader, S. W., Stuewig, J. B., Tangney, J. P., & Masicampo, E. J. (2022) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.2022.41.5.444 · Cited by 7
Motivation Resides Only in Our Language, Not in Our Mental Processes
Murayama, K. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197662359.003.0011 · Cited by 7
Pekrun, R. H. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197662359.003.0038 · Cited by 10
Are older individuals predisposed to habitual control more resilient?
Brinkhof, L., Ridderinkhof, R., Bieleke, M., Murre, J. J., Krugers, H., & de Wit, S. (2023) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-023-04982-7 · Cited by 6
“…Adriaanse et al., 2009; Armitage, 2016; Fritsch et al., 2007; Hall et al., 2012; Shah et al., 2014; Valshtein et al., 2019; Warner et al., 2022; also see meta-analysis of Gollwitzer and Sheeran (2006) for overview of studies before 2005), all contributing to better MWB and QoL in the long-run.”
InfluentialSponselee, H. C. S., ter Beek, L., Renders, C. M., Kroeze, W., Fransen, M. P., van Asselt, K. M., & Steenhuis, I. H. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1224470 · Cited by 8
Facilitation of Goal-Setting and Follow-Up in an Internet Intervention for Health and Wellness
Kaipainen, K., Mattila, E., Kinnunen, M.-L., & Korhonen, I. (2010) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-13226-1_24 · Cited by 7
“Plans are advised to be set in the form of implementation intentions (“If situation Y is encountered, then I will initiate goaldirected behavior X!”) [ 26 ].”
BackgroundMethodSquires, J. E., Presseau, J., Francis, J., Bond, C. M., Fraser, C. M., Patey, A. M., Porteous, T., Vachon, B., Tonelli, M. A., Yu, C. H. Y., et al. (2013) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd010869 · Cited by 8
Contagion of Habitual Behaviour in Social Networks: An Agent-Based Model
Klein, M. C. A., Mogles, N. M., Jan Treur, A., & van Wissen, A. (2012) · International Conference on Social Computing · doi:10.1109/socialcom-passat.2012.88 · Cited by 7
“Short term goal (STG) refers to what is sometimes called ‘implementation intention’ [20], and represents the Figure 1.”
BackgroundMaxwell-Smith, M. A., & Esses, V. M. (2012) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2012.01.009 · Cited by 7
McMurran, M. (2012) · Journal of Criminal Justice · doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2012.09.001 · Cited by 7
Cao, D. S., Lippke, S., & Liu, W. (2011) · Advances in Preventive Medicine · doi:10.4061/2011/697856 · Cited by 7
“planning mediation between intention and behavior change has been identified in some previous studies [15, 33].”
BackgroundResultOberjé, E. J. M., de Bruin, M., Evers, S., Viechtbauer, W., Nobel, H., Schaalma, H. P., McCambridge, J., Gras, L. A., Tousset, E., & Prins, J. M. (2013) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/1472-6963-13-274 · Cited by 7
“If the behaviour requires the development of a routine, if-then plans are formulated [34].”
BackgroundCoach Behaviors and Goal Motives as Predictors of Attainment and Well-Being in Sport
Smith, A. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803634-1.00019-4 · Cited by 9
Minnaert, A. E. M. G., Prince, A., & Opdenakker, M. (2017) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2017.00061 · Cited by 7
“Besides, goal orientations are depending on self-regulatory skills in initiating goal-directed behaviors and bringing them to a successful end (Gollwitzer and Sheeran, 2006).”
BackgroundBrown, E., Smith, D. M., & Armitage, C. J. (2018) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1093/abm/kay056 · Cited by 7
“Based on previous research assessing the effects of single behavior change techniques [9, 12, 21, 38, 39] in order to detect a medium sized effect (d = 0.”
BackgroundMethodWebb, T. L., Krasuska, M., Toth, Z., du Plessis, H. R., & Colliard, L. (2018) · Preventive Veterinary Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.08.017 · Cited by 7
When Aggression Is Out of Control: From One-Person to Two-Person Neuropsychology
Gagnon, J., Quansah, J. E., & Kim, W. S. (2019) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.89803 · Cited by 7
Park, J.-Y., & Park, D.-H. (2019) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su11246912 · Cited by 8
“In addition, a to-do list can increase commitment to the pursuit of a goal and the likelihood of goal attainment [17,20].”
BackgroundLagerkvist, C. J., Mutiso, J. M., Okello, J. J., Muoki, P., Oluoch‐Kosura, W., & Heck, S. (2020) · Ecology of Food and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/03670244.2020.1759576 · Cited by 7
Motivational Interviewing Interventions
Berman, A. H., Beckman, M., & Lindqvist, H. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.045 · Cited by 12
Digitalisierung und Design" 2018 Olten Internationaler Coachingkongress "Organisation, Wegener, R., Ackermann, S., Amstutz, J., Deplazes, S., Künzli, H., Ryter, A., & Ruprecht, V. &. (2020) · Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht eBooks · doi:10.13109/9783666407420 · Cited by 10
Current Counseling Issues from the Perspective of Contextual Action Theory
Valach, L., Young, R. A., & Domene, J. F. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-0773-1_10 · Cited by 7
Wenn-Dann Pläne: eine effektive Planungsstrategie aus der Motivationspsychologie
Faude-Koivisto, T. S., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2011) · VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-531-93039-8_13 · Cited by 7
Self-citationZhou, J. T., & Urhahne, D. (2016) · Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1080/00313831.2016.1147071 · Cited by 7
“Scaffolds combining learning activities and goal setting procedure might be suitable for learners in the museum, such as implementation scaffolds (Gollwitzer & Sheeran, 2006; Koestner, Lekes, Powers, & Chicoine, 2002).”
BackgroundLópez-Arellano, H., Salazar, F. M. V., & Franco-López, J. A. (2017) · Revista Electrónica Educare · doi:10.15359/ree.21-2.5 · Cited by 7
Are We Making Progress? Assessing Goal-Directed Behaviors in Leadership Development Programs
Velasco, F., Batista‐Foguet, J. M., & Emmerling, R. J. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01345 · Cited by 8
Lee, H., Lin, Y., Peng, W., Hu, C., Lee, C., Hsu, Y.-J., Yen, Y., & Huang, H. (2019) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2019.1628029 · Cited by 7
Cohen, A., & Hicks, J. L. (2017) · SpringerBriefs in psychology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-68990-6_5 · Cited by 7
von Suchodoletz, A., & Achtziger, A. (2011) · Social Psychology · doi:10.1027/1864-9335/a000046 · Cited by 7
I—Tamar Szabó Gendler: The Third Horse: On Unendorsed Association and Human Behaviour
Gendler, T. S. (2014) · Aristotelian Society Supplementary Volume · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8349.2014.00239.x · Cited by 7
The Power of Planning: Effective Self-Regulation of Goal Striving
Gollwitzer, P. M., Gawrilow, C., & Oettingen, G. (2008) · Cited by 7
Self-citationEfficiency in Rule- vs. Plan-Based Movements Is Modulated by Action-Mode
Scheib, J. P. P., Stoll, S. E. M., Thürmer, J. L., & Randerath, J. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00309 · Cited by 7
“They have been shown to reduce cognitive demand by automating stimulus-response associations, thus facilitating goal-directed behavior (for a meta-analysis see Gollwitzer and Sheeran, 2006; for a review see Wieber et al., 2015).”
BackgroundMental Simulation: Looking Back in Order to Look Ahead
Markman, K. D., & Dyczewski, E. A. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199730018.013.0019 · Cited by 7
“More generally, an extensive program of research conducted by Gollwitzer and colleagues (e.g., Gollwitzer, 1993, 1999; Gollwitzer & Sheeran, 2006) has provided evidence for a link between the expression of implementation intentions (e.g., “I will study for the chemistry exam next Tuesday evening…”
BackgroundBody Shame, Body Compassion and Physical Activity
Beadle, E. S. (2020) · University of Hertfordshire Research Archive (University of Hertfordshire) · doi:10.18745/th.22613 · Cited by 7
Castiglione, A. (2020) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/7brz3 · Cited by 7
Providing procedural knowledge: A field experiment to encourage resource conservation in Namibia
Tonke, S. (2023) · Journal of Development Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2023.103202 · Cited by 6
Siu, O. L., Yang, Y., Li, A., Wang, H., & Ng, T. K. (2025) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.70093 · Cited by 9
Metadata
- Authors
- Gollwitzer, P. M., & Sheeran, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Sheffield (GB)
- Venue
- Advances in Experimental Social Psychology
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Published
- 2006
- Pages
- 69-119
- ISSN
- 0065-2601 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1818536883
- Cited by
- 3,236
- References
- 166
- Citations by year
- 2026: 142 · 2025: 150 · 2024: 192 · 2023: 251 · 2022: 178 · 2021: 196 · 2020: 256 · 2019: 177 · 2018: 185 · 2017: 168 · 2016: 189 · 2015: 188 · 2014: 174 · 2013: 161 · 2012: 144
- FWCI
- 243.46
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- nbn-resolving.de
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- Advances in experimental social psychology (publishedVersion)
- KOPS (University of Konstanz) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Grit, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Keywords
- implementation intentions, goal achievement, goal pursuit, self-regulation, goal-directed behavior
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review