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Cited by 109Retinal Diseases and TreatmentsAntioxidant Activity and Oxidative StressRetinal Imaging and Analysis

Dietary antioxidant intake and incidence of early age-related maculopathy11The authors have no financial interest in any industry brands named in the manuscript.

Flood, Victoria, Smith, Wayne, Wang, Jie Jin, Manzi, Fiona, Webb, Karen, Mitchell, Paul·2002·Ophthalmology
DOI 10.1016/s0161-6420(02)01263-0
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Abstract

Objective To investigate associations between dietary intake, including modest supplement intake, of antioxidant vitamins and zinc at baseline and the 5-year incidence of early age-related maculopathy (ARM).Design Population-based cohort study.Participants From 1992 through 1994, 3654 persons aged 49 years or more (82% of those eligible) living in two postcode areas west of Sydney, Australia, were examined for the Blue Mountains Eye Study baseline. Five years later, 2335 persons (75% of known survivors) were reexamined.Methods A 145-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess nutrient intakes. Of the 2335 people who attended a follow-up visit, 1989 (85%) had completed a FFQ at baseline. The nutrients examined in this study included: alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein and zeaxanthin, lycopene, retinol, vitamin A, vitamin C, and zinc.Main outcome measures Early ARM was assessed by masked grading of stereo retinal photographs. Definitions for incidence closely followed those used in the Beaver Dam Eye Study.Results Early ARM developed in 192 persons (8.7% 5-year incidence) who did not have either late or early ARM at baseline. Of these, 159 persons completed the FFQ at baseline. After adjusting for age, gender, family history of ARM, and smoking status at baseline, no associations, or any trends suggesting possible association, were found between baseline intake of the nutrients examined, apart from vitamin C, and the 5-year incidence of early ARM. Compared with the lowest quintile, increasing baseline intakes of vitamin C, from diet and supplements, was associated with an increased risk of incident early ARM (odds ratio [OR], 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-3.0; and OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.3-4.0 for the fourth and fifth quintiles, respectively).Conclusions Our cohort study of an older population could not find evidence of protection associated with usual dietary antioxidant or zinc intakes (including use of supplements) on the 5-year incidence of early ARM.

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  • Diets high in antioxidants lutein and zeaxanthin and in omega-3 fatty acids have been linked to a decreased risk of neovascular AMD.

    “Diets high in antioxidants lutein and zeaxanthin (found mostly in green leafy vegetables) and in omega-3 fatty acids (primarily found in fish) have been linked to a decreased risk of neovascular AMD (48, 134).”

    From Unraveling a Multifactorial Late-Onset Disease: From Genetic Susceptibility to Disease Mechanisms for Age-Related Macular Degeneration (2009) · cites this paper as [48]

  • Results from observational studies that assessed the effect of dietary antioxidants on risk for age-related macular degeneration have been inconsistent.

    “Results from observational studies that assessed the effect of dietary antioxidants on risk for age-related macular degeneration have been inconsistent.90–95”

    From Age-related macular degeneration (2008) · cites this paper as [94]

  • Population-based studies have shown inconsistent associations of dietary levels of lutein and zeaxanthin with age-related macular degeneration.

    “Population-based studies have shown in consistent associations of dietary levels of these compounds with age-related macular degeneration.94,96,102,103”

    From Age-related macular degeneration (2008) · cites this paper as [94]

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Authors
Flood, V., Smith, W., Wang, J. J., Manzi, F., Webb, K., & Mitchell, P.
Affiliations
  • The University of Sydney (AU)
  • Australian National University (AU)
Corresponding author
Mitchell, Paul
ORCID
Venue
Ophthalmology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2002-12
Volume
109
Issue
12
Pages
2272-2278
ISSN
0161-6420 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0161-6420(02)01263-0
OpenAlex
W2125806918
Cited by
109
References
38
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 8
FWCI
6.55
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Ophthalmology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Diseases and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Retinal Imaging and Analysis
Keywords
age-related maculopathy, dietary antioxidants, vitamin C, vitamin supplements, zinc, carotenoids, lutein, zeaxanthin, retinol, disease incidence, Blue Mountains Eye Study, older adults
MeSH terms
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antioxidants, Diet, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Macular Degeneration, Male, Middle Aged, New South Wales, Surveys and Questionnaires, Vitamins, Zinc, Cohort Studies, Diet Records, Incidence, Dietary Supplements

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