The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 20 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 1 of the 31 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Age-predicted maximal heart rate revisited
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to determine a generalized equation for predicting maximal heart rate (HRmax) in healthy adults. BACKGROUND The age-predicted HRmax equation (i.e., 220 - age) is commonly used as a basis for prescribing exercise programs, as a criterion for achieving maximal exertion and as a clinical guide during diagnostic exercise testing. Despite its importance and widespread use, the validity of the HRmax equation has never been established in a sample that included a sufficient number of older adults. METHODS First, a meta-analytic approach was used to collect group mean HRmax values from 351 studies involving 492 groups and 18,712 subjects. Subsequently, the new equation was cross-validated in a well-controlled, laboratory-based study in which HRmax was measured in 514 healthy subjects. RESULTS In the meta-analysis, HRmax was strongly related to age (r = -0.90), using the equation of 208 - 0.7 x age. The regression equation obtained in the laboratory-based study (209 - 0.7 x age) was virtually identical to that obtained from the meta-analysis. The regression line was not different between men and women, nor was it influenced by wide variations in habitual physical activity levels. CONCLUSIONS 1) A regression equation to predict HRmax is 208 - 0.7 x age in healthy adults. 2) HRmax is predicted, to a large extent, by age alone and is independent of gender and habitual physical activity status. Our findings suggest that the currently used equation underestimates HRmax…
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Claims the paper makes
15 Own interpretation · 13 Own result · 9 No full text of the sources · 3 Not checked yet · 2 Own method · 2 No basis given · 1 Partly supported · 1 Sources not found · accuracy not yet measured
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“However, similar to the original reports by Fox and Haskell (7,8), these studies probably or definitely included subjects with cardiovascular disease who smoked and/or were taking cardiac medications.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [9] Londeree, 1984, Influence of age and other factors on maximal heart rate, J Cardiac Rehabil
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [10] Whaley, 1992, Predictors of over- and underachievement of age-predicted maximal heart rate, Med Sci Sports Exerc source
- Partly supportedcites [11] Sheffield, 1978, Maximal heart rate and treadmill performance of healthy women in relation to age, Circulation sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
Subjects and Methods (p. 1) reports that three volunteers took mild antihypertensive medications and that none had been told she had cardiovascular disease other than elevated blood pressure. This supports the medication concern in part, but the paper does not report that its volunteers smoked or had other known cardiovascular disease. Its introduction (p. 1) also says medication use was unreported in an earlier study, not that those subjects definitely took medication. (LLM, conf=0.85)
- Not matchedcites [7] Fox, 1970, The exercise stress test
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [8] Fox, 1971, Physical activity and the prevention of coronary heart disease, Ann Clin Res source
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“using the equation of 208 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age.”
- Also stated in: § RESULTS · plain
“The regression equation, when all the subjects were combined, was 208 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age.”
- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
“First, a regression equation for estimating HR max is 208 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age in healthy adult humans, which is significantly different from the traditional 220 Ϫ age equation.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Abstract
plaincorrelationaln = 18,712- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § RESULTS · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The regression equation obtained in the laboratory-based study (209 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age) was virtually identical to that obtained from the meta-analysis.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Abstract
plainn = 514- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“First, a regression equation for estimating HR max is 208 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age in healthy adult humans, which is significantly different from the traditional 220 Ϫ age equation.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The regression equation for HR max (209 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age) was virtually identical to that obtained from the meta-analysis.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
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- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“the rate of decline in HR max observed in the present study is very similar to that reported previously for intrinsic heart rate determined after cardiac autonomic blockade (Ϫ0.6 Ϫ 0.8 beats/min per year) (14,15).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Mechanisms.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [14] Jose, 1970, The normal range and determinants of the intrinsic heart rate in man, Cardiovasc Res source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [15] de Marneffe, 1986, Variations of normal sinus node function in relation to age, Eur Heart J source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Stepwise regression analysis revealed that age alone explained ϳ80% of the individual variance in HR max .”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Again, no significant differences in the HR max regression equation were observed between men and women”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Maximal heart rate was inversely related to age in both men and women.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“or between sedentary (212 Ϫ 0.7 ϫ age) and endurance-trained (205 Ϫ 0.6 ϫ age) subjects.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- It may state two separate claims as one. 11
- Probably not a substantial claim. 6
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The rate of decline and the y intercepts were not different between men and women”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Data from treadmill and cycle ergometers were evaluated together and separately.There were no differences in the results between the two analyses.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The maximal respiratory exchange ratio (1.17 Ϯ 0.06) and maximal rating of perceived exertion (19.1 Ϯ 0.8) were not different across ages, suggesting consistently similar voluntary maximal efforts.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > RESULTS
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“HR max is predicted, to a large extent, by age alone and is independent of gender and habitual physical activity status.”
- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
“Second, HR max is predicted, to a large extent, by age alone and is independent of gender and physical activity status.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Abstract
plaincorrelationaln = 18,712- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § DISCUSSION · plain
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“consistent with the present findings, gender (14) and habitual physical activity (16) do not appear to influence intrinsic heart rate in humans.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Mechanisms.
What the sources say
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Specifically, the traditional equation underestimates HR max past age 40 years, markedly so in older adults.”
- Also stated in: § Abstract · hedged
“Our findings suggest that the currently used equation underestimates HR max in older adults.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Conclusions.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Abstract · hedged
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The age-predicted HR max equation (i.e., 220 Ϫ age) is commonly used as a basis for prescribing exercise programs, as a criterion for achieving maximal exertion and as a clinical guide during diagnostic exercise testing.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [1] 2000
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [2] Fletcher, 1997, How to implement physical activity in primary and secondary prevention, Circulation source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [3] Gibbons, 1997, ACC/AHA guidelines for exercise testing, J Am Coll Cardiol source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [4] Tanaka, 1997, Greater rate of decline in maximal aerobic capacity with age in physically active vs. sedentary healthy women, J Appl Physiol source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [5] Howley, 1995, Criteria for maximal oxygen uptake, Med Sci Sports Exerc source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“use of the prevailing prediction equation would result in premature termination of the test and possibly failure to attain required exertion levels for diagnostic validity.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [3] Gibbons, 1997, ACC/AHA guidelines for exercise testing, J Am Coll Cardiol source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“To ensure that each subject achieved maximal exertion, at least three of the following four criteria were met by each subject: 1) a plateau in VO 2 with increasing exercise intensity (Ͻ100 ml); 2) a respiratory exchange ratio of at least 1.15; 3) a maximal respiratory rate of at least 35 breaths/min; and 4) a rating of perceived exertion of at least 18 units on the Borg scale (5).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [5] Howley, 1995, Criteria for maximal oxygen uptake, Med Sci Sports Exerc source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“Each of these conditions influences HR max independent of age (10,12,13).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [10] Whaley, 1992, Predictors of over- and underachievement of age-predicted maximal heart rate, Med Sci Sports Exerc source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [12] Wilmore, 1985, Acute response to submaximal and maximal exercise consequent to beta-adrenergic blockade, Am J Cardiol source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [13] Graettinger, 1995, Relationship of left ventricular structure to maximal heart rate during exercise, Chest source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“To eliminate the potentially confounding influence of severe obesity, only subjects with a body mass index Ͻ35 kg/m 2 were included.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“Subjects Ͼ50 years of age were further evaluated by physical examination and by rest and maximal exercise electrocardiography ECG (3).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [3] Gibbons, 1997, ACC/AHA guidelines for exercise testing, J Am Coll Cardiol source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The age-predicted equation was determined “arbitrarily” from a total of 10 studies.The highest age included was Ͻ65 years, with the majority of subjects being Յ55 years old.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [7] Fox, 1970, The exercise stress test
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [8] Fox, 1971, Physical activity and the prevention of coronary heart disease, Ann Clin Res source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“Because we have previously shown that weighted results by sample size were not significantly different from unweighted results (6), no weighting scheme was used in the present meta-analysis.”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Meta-analytic study.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [6] Fitzgerald, 1997, Age-related decline in maximal aerobic capacity in regularly exercising vs. sedentary females, J Appl Physiol source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“It has been postulated that the primary mechanism is related to an age-related decline in intrinsic heart rate (i.e., independent of autonomic influences) (14,15).”
§ Age-Predicted Maximal Heart Rate Revisited > Mechanisms.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [14] Jose, 1970, The normal range and determinants of the intrinsic heart rate in man, Cardiovasc Res source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [15] de Marneffe, 1986, Variations of normal sinus node function in relation to age, Eur Heart J source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper relies on this without support.
Older adults demonstrate the highest prevalence of cardiovascular and other chronic diseases.
“The latter limitation is crucial in that older adults demonstrate the highest prevalence of cardiovascular and other chronic diseases.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Older adults are often reluctant or unable to measure HRmax directly because of concerns about the physiologic stress imposed by strenuous exercise.
“Importantly, older adults are a population in which there is often a reluctance or an inability to measure HR max directly, owing to concerns related to the physiologic stress imposed by strenuous exercise.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The 220 − age HRmax prediction equation is used in older adults more than in any other population.
“Thus, ironically, the 220 Ϫ age HR max prediction equation is used in this population more than in any other.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source doesn’t support the claim as written.
In the citing paper
“The standard deviation for error between predicted and directly-measured maximal heart rate is roughly 13bpm [43].”
From Resting heart rate is a population-level biomarker of cardiorespiratory fitness: The Fenland Study (2023) · cites this paper as [43]
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Moreover, the validity of this equation has never been established in a sample that included a sufficient number of older adults; accordingly, it's utility has been challenged [ 32 , 33 ].”
From Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiovascular health: A clinical practice statement of the American Society for Preventive Cardiology Part II: Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, minimum and goal intensities for exercise training, prescriptive methods, and special patient populations (2022) · cites this paper as [32]
In the citing paper
“The age-associated decline in maximal heart rate is typically reported to be unaltered by exercise training,139-142 but some evidence suggests that the decline in maximal heart rate with age can be attenuated by vigorous exercise.143-145”
From Hormonal and Metabolic Changes of Aging and the Influence of Lifestyle Modifications (2021) · cites this paper as [142]
Citations
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(2014) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 9,400
ACC/AHA 2002 Guideline Update for Exercise Testing: Summary Article
Gibbons, R. J., Balady, G. J., Bricker, J. T., CHAITMAN, B. R., Fletcher, G. F., Froelicher, V. F., Mark, D. B., McCallister, B. D., Mooss, A. N., O’Reilly, M. G., et al. (2002) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000034670.06526.15 · Cited by 2,583
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“particular study group; 5) adult subjects; 6) maximal exertion documented by using objective criteria (5); and 7) only healthy (e.”
BackgroundMethodGibbons, R. J., Balady, G. J., Beasley, J. W., FAAFP, Bricker, J. T., Duvernoy, W. F. C., Froelicher, V. F., Mark, D. B., Marwick, T. H., McCallister, B. D., et al. (1997) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.96.1.345 · Cited by 1,094
The normal range and determinants of the intrinsic heart rate in man
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Guidelines for exercise testing
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Physical activity and the prevention of coronary heart disease
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Self-citationPhysical activity and prevention of coronary heart disease.
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“Minute oxygen consumption (V̇O2) also was measured using on-line, computerassisted, open-circuit spirometry (4).”
MethodSelf-citation
Cited by
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“There is a wealth of research linking low CRF to increased mortality and morbidity (4,10,22,25) and it has been shown that this relationship is independent of age, ethnicity, smoking status, alcohol intake, and health conditions (12).”
BackgroundBrearley, M. B., Norton, I., Rush, D., Hutton, M., Smith, S., Ward, L. M., & Fuentes, H. (2016) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/jom.0000000000000902 · Cited by 21
“Heart rate was expressed as absolute values and percentage of predicted maximum.(18) Heart rate and Tgi were input into the modified physiological strain index (PSI) of Moran et al(19) with initial Tgi assumed to be 37.”
MethodBoraczyński, M., Sozański, H., & Boraczyński, T. (2017) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000001878 · Cited by 23
Technical and Tactical Training Load in Professional Volleyball Players
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“APMHR = age predicted maximum heart rate (208 - age × 0.7; Tanaka et al., 2001); VO2max = estimated maximal oxygen uptake (Pescatello, 2014); MAP = estimated maximum aerobic power output (Tronarp et al.”
BackgroundInfluentialFactors Associated with Cardiorespiratory Fitness in a Swiss Working Population
Kind, S., Zogg, S., Mundwiler, J., Schüpbach, U., Leuppi, J. D., Miedinger, D., & Dieterle, T. (2019) · Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1155/2019/5317961 · Cited by 23
“[20], which has been described as more accurate than the most common formula ‘220 – age’ [21].”
BackgroundBjørke, A. C. H., Raastad, T., & Berntsen, S. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0234507 · Cited by 24
“7age) was applied because this has been found to be more valid than the often-used 220 − age HRmax equation [45].”
MethodHuang, Y. H., Alexeenko, V., Tse, G., Huang, C. L.-H., Marr, C. M., & Jeevaratnam, K. (2020) · Function · doi:10.1093/function/zqaa031 · Cited by 20
The Metabolic Costs of Gardening Tasks in Children
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“The average percentage of maximum HR [13] during the test was 93.”
BackgroundNakamoto, F. P., Ivamoto, R. K., Andrade, M. S., de Lira, C. A. B., Silva, B. M., & da Silva, A. C. (2015) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000001258 · Cited by 20
“7 3 age) (24,31), and (c) score 10 of perceived effort on Borg 0–10 scale (24).”
BackgroundFatigue Exacerbation by Interval or Continuous Exercise in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Sandler, C. X., Lloyd, A. R., & BARRY, B. K. (2016) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000000983 · Cited by 19
LED session prior incremental step test enhance VO2max in running
Mezzaroba, P. V., Filho, D. M. P., Zagatto, A. M., et al. (2018) · Lasers in Medical Science · doi:10.1007/s10103-018-2475-z · Cited by 19
“7·age) [13], and (3) peak rating of perceived exertion (RPEpeak) greater than 18 in the 6–20 Borg scale.”
BackgroundCorrection: Aerobic Capacity Reference Data in 3816 Healthy Men and Women 20–90 Years
Loe, H., Rognmo, Ø., Saltin, B., & Wisløff, U. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/annotation/e3115a8e-ca9d-4d33-87ef-f355f07db28e · Cited by 19
Instantaneous Metabolic Cost of Walking: Joint-Space Dynamic Model with Subject-Specific Heat Rate
Roberts, D. P., Hillstrom, H. J., & Kim, J. H. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168070 · Cited by 18
Lee, W., & Migliaccio, G. C. (2018) · Journal of Construction Engineering and Management · doi:10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0001531 · Cited by 18
A Physiologically Based Approach to Prescribing Exercise Following a Sport-Related Concussion
Worts, P. R., Burkhart, S. O., & Kim, J. (2019) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-019-01065-1 · Cited by 21
Abbott, T. E. F., Pearse, R. M., Beattie, W. S., Phull, M., Beilstein, C. M., Raj, A., Grocott, M. P. W., Cuthbertson, B. H., Wijeysundera, D. N., & Ackland, G. L. (2019) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1016/j.bja.2019.03.022 · Cited by 19
“However, we recalculated age-predicted maximum HR using the Tanaka and colleagues(23)method, and the results were similar.(23)When we repeated the analysis using CI as a continuous variable, we did not identify a relationship with myocardial injury.”
MethodLee, J. S., Boafo, A., Greenham, S. L., & Longmuir, P. E. (2019) · Mental health and physical activity · doi:10.1016/j.mhpa.2019.100298 · Cited by 17
Michalik, K., Korta, K., Danek, N., Smolarek, M., & Zatoń, M. W. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16203934 · Cited by 19
Shaw, J. W., Springham, M., Brown, D. D., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00480 · Cited by 18
“Maximum heart rate was calculated 128 as the highest of either the age predicted maximum (Tanaka et al., 2001) or the peak value recorded 129 during the data collection period.”
MethodBurn, N., Weston, M., Atkinson, G., Graham, M., & Weston, K. L. (2021) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2021.699608 · Cited by 19
Different underlying mechanisms for high and low arousal in probabilistic learning in humans
Ciria, L. F., Suárez‐Pinilla, M., Williams, A. G., Jagannathan, S. R., Sanabria, D., & Bekinschtein, T. A. (2021) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2021.07.002 · Cited by 18
Spoladore, D., Colombo, V. M., Arlati, S., Mahroo, A., Trombetta, A., & Sacco, M. (2021) · Electronics · doi:10.3390/electronics10172129 · Cited by 23
Worts, P. R., Mason, J., Burkhart, S. O., Sanchez‐Gonzalez, M. A., & Kim, J.-S. (2022) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-022-04932-4 · Cited by 19
Accuracy of wrist-worn wearable devices for determining exercise intensity
Ho, W.-T., Yang, Y.-J., & Li, T.-C. (2022) · Digital Health · doi:10.1177/20552076221124393 · Cited by 19
“7) equations, have been used to estimate HRmax.(8) These formulas are simple to use but could underestimate or overestimate the measured HRmax.”
MethodInfluentialSoós, I., Borysławski, K., Boraczyński, M., Ihász, F., & Podstawski, R. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph191711041 · Cited by 25
“[33]; (2) the VO2 plateau reached ≤150 mL/min with an increase in power output; (3) RER reached or exceeded 1.”
BackgroundTargeting workload to ameliorate risk of heat stress in industrial sugarcane workers
Lucas, R. A. I., Skinner, B. D., Arias-Monge, E., et al. (2022) · Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health · doi:10.5271/sjweh.4057 · Cited by 18
Evaluation of physical health status beyond daily step count using a wearable activity sensor
Xu, Z., Zahradka, N., Ip, S., Koneshloo, A., Roemmich, R. T., Sehgal, S., Highland, K. B., & Searson, P. C. (2022) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-022-00696-5 · Cited by 19
di Cagno, A., Buonsenso, A., Centorbi, M., Manni, L., Costanzo, A. D., Casazza, G., Parisi, A., Guerra, G., Calcagno, G., Iuliano, E., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2023.1086487 · Cited by 21
“Maximum heart rate was calculated using Tanaka’s formula (Tanaka, 2001).”
MethodMoraitis, A. M., Rose, N. B., Johnson, A. F., Dunston, E. R., Garrido‐Laguna, I., Hobson, P., Barber, K., Basen-Engquist, K. M., & Coletta, A. M. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0287152 · Cited by 18
Evaluation of Work Efficiency in Structural Firefighters
Langford, E. L., Bergstrom, H. C., Lanham, S. N., Eastman, A. Q., Best, S. A., Ma, X., Mason, M. R., & Abel, M. G. (2023) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000004577 · Cited by 18
SOSW: Stress Sensing With Off-the-Shelf Smartwatches in the Wild
Toshnazarov, K. E., Lee, U., Kim, B. H., Mishra, V., Najarro, L. A. C., & Noh, Y. (2024) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2024.3375299 · Cited by 22
“Band-Pass Filtering: First, we filter the BVP signals by employing a third-order Butterworth band-pass filter to extract the heartbeat information with lower and upper cutoff frequencies of 0.5 and 3.7 Hz, respectively [9], [50].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialRamos, R. A., Guimarães, F. S., Cordovil, I., & Ferreira, A. D. S. (2014) · Hypertension Research · doi:10.1038/hr.2014.59 · Cited by 18
The Improved Physical Activity Index for Measuring Physical Activity in EPIC Germany
Wientzek, A., Vigl, M., Steindorf, K., Brühmann, B. A., Bergmann, M. M., Harttig, U., Katzke, V. A., Kaaks, R., & Boeing, H. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0092005 · Cited by 19
“When the participants’ heart rate exceeded 85% of his/her agedependent maximal heart rate or subjective, severe exhaustion symptoms occurred, the test was stopped [10].”
BackgroundHurren, N. M., Balanos, G. M., & Blannin, A. K. (2011) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs20100460 · Cited by 19
Engeseth, K., Hodnesdal, C., Grundvold, I., et al. (2016) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.116.004555 · Cited by 18
“Cardiovascular death, n (%) 102 (29) 73 (21) 65 (18) 70 (20) <0.”
Teixeira, R. B., Marins, J. C. B., Amorim, P. R. D. S., Teoldo, I., Cupeiro, R., de Andrade, M. O. C., Martins, Y. D. L. X., Castilho, P. D. R., Magalhães, D. D., Palotás, A., et al. (2017) · The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/15622975.2017.1337222 · Cited by 19
“…started with a warm-up on a cycle ergometer for 10min at 50% of the maximum heart rate, estimated by the Tanaka et al. equation MHR ¼208 (0.7 age) (Tanaka et al. 2001), and ended with a 10-min cool down of active and passive stretching exercises of the major muscle groups (quadriceps,…”
MethodInfluentialFitness Assessment as an Anti-Aging Marker: A Narrative Review
Amaro‐Gahete, F. J., De‐la‐O, A., Jurado‐Fasoli, L., Castillo, M. J., & Gutiérrez, Á. (2017) · Journal of Gerontology & Geriatric Research · doi:10.4172/2167-7182.1000455 · Cited by 22
“7∗ age [56]), and (iv) to obtain a serum lactate >8.”
BackgroundHealth analysis of bicycle rider and security of bicycle using IoT
Nath, S., Sinha, S., Gladence, L. M., BevishJinila, Y., & Rajalakshmi, V. (2017) · doi:10.1109/iccsp.2017.8286475 · Cited by 18
“This activity collects following personal information about the user: Name (to personalise application) Date of Birth (to find maximum pulse rate) [8] Start”
BackgroundWainwright, T. W., & Burgess, L. C. (2018) · Physiotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.physio.2018.05.002 · Cited by 21
Validity of a customized submaximal treadmill protocol for determining VO2max
Strom, C. J., Pettitt, R. W., Krynski, L. M., Jamnick, N. A., Hein, C. J., & Pettitt, C. D. (2018) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-018-3908-x · Cited by 22
Corbianco, S., Cavallini, G., Baldereschi, G., Carboncini, M. C., Fiamingo, F. L., Bongioanni, P., & Dini, M. (2018) · Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10072-018-3566-0 · Cited by 19
Yang, W., Park, J.-H., Park, S.-Y., & Park, Y. (2022) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo12100965 · Cited by 21
“The percentages of estimated maximal HR (HRmax) were calculated using previously described methods [16,26].”
MethodKorshøj, M., Ravn, M. H., Holtermann, A., Hansen, Å. M., & Krustrup, P. (2015) · International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health · doi:10.1007/s00420-015-1067-5 · Cited by 18
“The relative aerobic workload was calculated as HRR (HRR = HRmax − SHR) (Karvonen and Vuorimaa 1988), the difference between the estimated maximal heart rate (HRmax) (Tanaka et al. 2001) and the sleeping heart rate (SHR), defined as the 10th lowest recorded heart rate value during sleep (Brage et al.”
MethodAccuracy of the VO2peak prediction equation in firefighters
Klaren, R. E., Horn, G. P., Fernhall, B., & Motl, R. W. (2014) · Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology · doi:10.1186/1745-6673-9-17 · Cited by 17
Postaerobic Exercise Blood Pressure Reduction in Very Old Persons With Hypertension
de Oliveira, J. S., Bastos, J. M., de Melo, C. A., et al. (2015) · Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy · doi:10.1519/jpt.0000000000000049 · Cited by 18
Huidekoper, H. H., Schneider, J., Westphal, T., Vaz, F. M., Durán, M., & Wijburg, F. A. (2006) · Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease · doi:10.1007/s10545-006-0355-3 · Cited by 18
“Heart rate was monitored continuously and each subject exercised at 60% of predicted maximal heart rate, calculated as follows (Tanaka et al 2001): 60% of maximal heart rate (bpm) = (208 − 0.7 × age) × 0.6 Before (t = 0), during (t = 60), immediately after (t = 120) and 1h after exercise (t = 180),…”
MethodInfluentialSiedlik, J. A., Deckert, J. A., Benedict, S. H., et al. (2017) · Journal of Immunological Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jim.2017.03.017 · Cited by 18
Medeiros, W. M., de Luca, F. A., Júnior, A. R. D. F., Mendes, F. A. R., & Gun, C. (2017) · Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging · doi:10.1111/cpf.12420 · Cited by 18
“The predicted HRmax was calculated using the following formula (Tanaka et al., 2001): HRmax(pred) 1⁄4 208 ð0 7 ageÞ:”
MethodPoeta, L. S., Duarte, M. D. F. D. S., Caramelli, B., Mota, J. A. P. S., & Giuliano, I. D. C. B. (2013) · Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/s2255-4823(13)70430-2 · Cited by 18
Cardiac Biomarkers Release in Preadolescent Athletes After an High Intensity Exercise
Peretti, A., Mauri, L., Masarin, A., Annoni, G. A., Corato, A., Maloberti, A., Giannattasio, C., & Vignati, G. (2017) · High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention · doi:10.1007/s40292-017-0243-y · Cited by 20
Guzmán, G., Torres-Ruiz, M. J., Tambonero, V., Lytras, M. D., Ramírez, B. C. L., Quintero, R., Moreno-Ibarra, M., & Alhalabi, W. (2018) · Journal of Medical and Biological Engineering · doi:10.1007/s40846-018-0421-y · Cited by 18
Cytokine responses to repeated, prolonged walking in lean versus overweight/obese individuals
Verheggen, R. J. H. M., Eijsvogels, T. M. H., Catoire, M., Terink, R., Ramakers, R. E. F. S., Bongers, C. C. W. G., Mensink, M., Hermus, A. R., Thijssen, D. H. J., & Hopman, M. T. E. (2018) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2018.07.019 · Cited by 18
“7*age).(12) By 131 calculating the mean of these percentages of maximal heart rate, the mean intensity for the exercise 132 bout was recorded for each participant.”
BackgroundLewinski, W. J., Dysterheft, J. L., Priem, M. M., & Pettitt, R. W. (2014) · Police Practice and Research · doi:10.1080/15614263.2014.959950 · Cited by 22
Bagnato, C. B., Bianco, A., Bonfiglio, C., Franco, I., Verrelli, N., Carella, N., Shahini, E., Zappimbulso, M., Giannuzzi, V., Pesole, P. L., et al. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16234225 · Cited by 22
Madsen, C. M., Mogensen, P. R., Thomas, N., Christensen, D. L., Bygbjerg, I. C., Mohan, V. R., Inbakumari, M., Nadig, S., Alex, R., Geetanjali, F. S., et al. (2014) · Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease · doi:10.1017/s2040174414000609 · Cited by 17
Heart Health Risk Assessment System: A Nonintrusive Proposal Using Ontologies and Expert Rules
García-Valverde, T., Muñoz, A., Arcas-Túnez, F., Bueno-Crespo, A., & Caballero, A. (2014) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2014/959645 · Cited by 17
“For example, the simple Haskell’s formula [22], (4), Tanaka’s formula [23], (5), or the more recent Gellish’s formula [24], (6), for people from 30 to 75 years with a standard deviation of 6 to 15 bpm according to the equation.”
BackgroundJohansson, H., Norlander, K., Janson, C., et al. (2016) · BMC Pulmonary Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12890-016-0226-0 · Cited by 17
“9)) [18] within the first 1.”
Effect of between-set recovery durations on repeated sprint ability in young soccer players
Selmi, M. A., Sassi, R. H., Yahmed, M. H., Moalla, W., & Elloumi, M. (2016) · Biology of Sport · doi:10.5604/20831862.1198636 · Cited by 17
Hung, R. K., Al-Mallah, M. H., Whelton, S. P., Michos, E. D., Blumenthal, R. S., Ehrman, J. K., Brawner, C. A., Keteyian, S. J., & Blaha, M. J. (2016) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2016.08.060 · Cited by 18
Brush, C. J., Burani, K., Schmidt, K. M., Santopetro, N. J., & Hajcak, G. (2021) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2021.103914 · Cited by 18
Real-time realizable mobile imaging photoplethysmography
Lee, H., Ko, H., Chung, H., Nam, Y., Hong, S., & Lee, J. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-11265-x · Cited by 17
Bao, S., Liu, J., & Liu, Y. (2022) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci12070852 · Cited by 22
“Heart rate monitoring was implemented in the classroom through the Firstbeat wearable monitoring system [45], and during exercise, the average intensity was controlled in the moderate-intensity heart rate range (120–140 beats per minute) [46].”
MethodStavrou, V. T., Astara, K., Vavougios, G. D., Fatouros, I. G., Metsios, G. S., Kalabakas, K., Karagiannis, D., Daniil, Z. D., Gourgoulianis, K. I., & Βasdekis, G. (2022) · Sports Medicine and Health Science · doi:10.1016/j.smhs.2022.10.004 · Cited by 18
A Hierarchical Attention-Based Method for Sleep Staging Using Movement and Cardiopulmonary Signals
Luo, Y., Li, J., He, K., & Cheuk, W. (2022) · IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics · doi:10.1109/jbhi.2022.3228341 · Cited by 17
“We remove the R peak intervals outside 300 to 2000 milliseconds [35] TABLE II DATA INFORMATION OF THE DATASETS USED IN THIS STUDY”
BackgroundMethodMakiel, K., Suder, A., Targosz, A., Maciejczyk, M., & Haim, A. (2023) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom13050852 · Cited by 23
Papadimitriou, K., Kabasakalis, A., Papadopoulos, A., Mavridis, G., & Tsalis, G. A. (2023) · Sports · doi:10.3390/sports11090186 · Cited by 21
“…exercise intensity, there are cases where HR values are similar between males and females (the lack of difference in the HIIT protocol), regardless of age and the level of athletes [32–35] and others that males show higher HR values than females (the difference in the USRPT protocol) [36,37].”
Bianco, A., Russo, F., Franco, I., Riezzo, G., Donghia, R., Curci, R., Bonfiglio, C., Prospero, L., D’Attoma, B., Ignazzi, A., et al. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12216786 · Cited by 18
“The aerobic exercise intensity was moderate (60/75% of HR max); it was monitored through the heart rate monitor and was personalized through Tanaka’s formula [38].”
MethodEffect of Obesity Status on Heart Rate Peak in Female Youth
Loftin, M., SOTHERN, M. S., Tompkins, C. L., et al. (2003) · Clinical Pediatrics · doi:10.1177/000992280304200604 · Cited by 17
Postexercise Hypotension after Heart Transplant
Castro, R. E., Guimarães, G. V., da Silva, J. M. R., Bocchi, E. A., & Ciolac, E. G. (2015) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000000846 · Cited by 18
The Accuracy of Wrist-worn Heart Rate Monitors across a Range of Exercise Intensities
Hough, P., Glaister, M., & Pledger, A. (2017) · Journal of Physical Activity Research · doi:10.12691/jpar-2-2-8 · Cited by 16
“A validated prediction equation [11] was used to calculate predicted HRmax and 85% HRR for use in the comparative trials.”
MethodImproved algorithm for heart rate measurement using mobile phone camera
Laure, D., & Paramonov, I. V. (2013) · Conference of Open Innovations Association (FRUCT) · doi:10.23919/fruct.2013.8124232 · Cited by 17
“correspond to heart rates of more than 200 bpm, which are normally unreachable for human [6].”
BackgroundMcBain, T., Weston, M., Crawshaw, P., Haighton, C., & Spears, I. R. (2018) · JMIR Serious Games · doi:10.2196/games.7758 · Cited by 18
“Individual HRmax was estimated [34] and plotted against VO2 data for the determination of predicted VO2 max.”
Harmsen, W. J., Ribbers, G. M., Heijenbrok‐Kal, M. H., et al. (2018) · American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/phm.0000000000000976 · Cited by 17
“7 age)].(14) The peak torque (PT) of the knee extensors (PText) and flexors (PTflex) was determined by isokinetic dynamometry using the Biodex Dynamometer (Biodex, New York).”
MethodGuariglia, D. A., Pedro, R. E., Deminice, R., Rosa, F. T., Peres, S. B., & de Moraes, S. M. F. (2018) · Cytokine · doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2018.05.028 · Cited by 18
“Maximal heart rate (HRmax) was predicted at baseline according to the equation proposed by Tanaka, Monahan, and Seals [17].”
Chen, C., Ryuh, Y., Fang, Q., et al. (2019) · Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities · doi:10.1007/s10882-018-09655-z · Cited by 17
Cano, M., Lopes, S., Teixeira, M., et al. (2019) · Hypertension Research · doi:10.1038/s41440-019-0316-5 · Cited by 17
Exercise capacity and body mass index - important predictors of change in resting heart rate
Ehrenwald, M., Wasserman, A., Shenhar‐Tsarfaty, S., Zeltser, D., Friedensohn, L., Shapira, I., Berliner, S. A., & Rogowski, O. (2019) · BMC Cardiovascular Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12872-019-01286-2 · Cited by 16
Stevens, M. L., Crowley, P., Holtermann, A., et al. (2020) · International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health · doi:10.1007/s00420-020-01596-5 · Cited by 17
The Cost of Gathering Among the Baka Forager-Horticulturalists From Southeastern Cameroon
Gallois, S., & Henry, A. G. (2021) · Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.3389/fevo.2021.768003 · Cited by 16
Ventilatory requirements of quadriceps resistance training in people with COPD and healthy controls
Houchen‐Wolloff, L., Sandland, C. J., Menon, M., Morgan, M., STEINER, M. C., Singh, S. J., & Harrison, S. L. (2014) · International Journal of COPD · doi:10.2147/copd.s59164 · Cited by 16
“A HR of 65%–85% of maximum relates to the target training zone for cardiorespiratory fitness.(21) It may be interesting to speculate that this type of training could therefore be expected to bring about central adaptations.”
BackgroundLack of carotid stiffening associated with MTHFR 677TT genotype in cardiorespiratory fit adults
Iemitsu, M., Murakami, H., Sanada, K., et al. (2010) · Physiological Genomics · doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00039.2010 · Cited by 17
Impact of Several Matches in a Day on Physical Performance in Rugby Sevens Referees
Suarez-Arrones, L. J., Núñez, J., Munguía‐Izquierdo, D., et al. (2013) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.8.5.496 · Cited by 17
Chan, W., Jones, D. A., Bosch, J. A., McPhee, J. S., Crabtree, N. J., McTernan, P. G., Kaur, O., Inston, N. G., Moore, S., McClean, A., et al. (2015) · Transplant International · doi:10.1111/tri.12727 · Cited by 17
“Firstly, estimation of maximum HR in relation to age can be unreliable [25,41].”
BackgroundHow Reliable Are the Equations for Predicting Maximal Heart Rate Values in Military Personnel?
Sporiš, G., Vučetić, V., Jukić, I., Omrčen, D., Bok, D., & Čustonja, Z. (2011) · Military Medicine · doi:10.7205/milmed-d-10-00189 · Cited by 16
de Santana, D. A., POORTMANS, J. R., Dórea, E. L., Machado, J. B. D. A., Fernandes, A. L., de Sá‐Pinto, A. L., Gualano, B., & Roschel, H. (2017) · American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00131.2017 · Cited by 17
“, 150 ml/min increase between two consecutive stages), HR within 10 beats of age-predicted maximal value (32), and respiratory exchange ratio value above 1.”
BackgroundExergaming for Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury: A Pilot Study
Rosly, M. M., Halaki, M., Rosly, H. M., Cuesta, V., Hasnan, N., Davis, G. M., & Husain, R. (2017) · Games for Health Journal · doi:10.1089/g4h.2017.0028 · Cited by 18
Yoshiga, C. C., Dawson, E. A., Volianitis, S., et al. (2019) · Experimental Physiology · doi:10.1113/ep087522 · Cited by 17
Kuyumcu, M. S., Özeke, Ö., Çay, S., Özcan, F., Bayraktar, M. F., Kara, M., Vicdan, M., Açar, B., Aydoğdu, S., Topaloğlu, S., et al. (2017) · Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/pace.13179 · Cited by 17
Yo-Yo intermittent tests are a valid tool for aerobic fitness assessment in recreational football
Castagna, C., Krustrup, P., & Póvoas, S. C. A. (2019) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-019-04258-8 · Cited by 17
Tasaki, H., Serita, T., Ueyama, C., Kitano, K., Seto, S., & Yano, K. (2006) · Circulation Journal · doi:10.1253/circj.70.889 · Cited by 19
Sabaka, P., Kruzliak, P., Balaz, D., Komornikova, A., Celovska, D., Cammarota, G., Kusendova, K., Bendzala, M., Rodrigo, L., Dukat, A., et al. (2015) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-015-0148-5 · Cited by 16
“Small HDL as well as small dense LDL correlate with concentration of VLDL [28–35].”
BackgroundHolbrook, A. K., Peterson, H. D., Bianchi, S. A., Macdonald, B. W., Bredahl, E. C., Belshan, M., & Siedlik, J. A. (2019) · Physiological Reports · doi:10.14814/phy2.14234 · Cited by 15
“HRmax was estimated using the methods of Tanaka et al. (2001).”
MethodKonstantinidis, E. I., Bamidis, P. D., Billis, A. S., Kartsidis, P. E., Petsani, D., & Papageorgiou, S. G. (2021) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s21175756 · Cited by 16
“In general, the participants considered physical exercise through exergames as light exercise (Borg Scale rating), while the average heart rate (~70 bpm) was close to the target heart rate zone (50–85% of maximum heart rate, 75–127 bpm) [38].”
BackgroundNational vs. Non-National Soccer Referee: Physiological, Physical, and Psychological Characteristics
Castillo-Rodríguez, A., Muñoz-Arjona, C., & Onetti-Onetti, W. (2021) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.2021.1923626 · Cited by 16
“MaxHR was determined using the predetermined formula presented by Tanaka et al. (2001).”
MethodHornby, T. G., Plawecki, A., Lotter, J. K., Scofield, M., Lucas, E., & Henderson, C. E. (2022) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/pzac073 · Cited by 19
Veitch, J., Timperio, A. F., Salmon, J., Hall, S. J., Abbott, G., Flowers, E. P., & Turner, A. I. (2022) · Urban forestry & urban greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2022.127660 · Cited by 19
Zwilling, M., Romano, A., Hoffman, H., Lotan, M., & Tesler, R. (2022) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2022.948184 · Cited by 20
Metadata
- Authors
- Tanaka, H., Monahan, K. D., & Seals, D. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tanaka, Hirofumi
- Venue
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2001-01
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 153-156
- ISSN
- 0735-1097 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2090296913
- Semantic Scholar
- 857d95626adc70db6e64da8c5fa9060489db0262
- Cited by
- 3,775
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 249 · 2025: 277 · 2024: 304 · 2023: 240 · 2022: 295 · 2021: 262 · 2020: 273 · 2019: 259 · 2018: 246 · 2017: 189 · 2016: 182 · 2015: 174 · 2014: 178 · 2013: 149 · 2012: 107
- FWCI
- 38.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (AG-13038, AG 00847, AG-06537, R01AG006537)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
- Keywords
- maximal heart rate, heart rate prediction equations, older adults, exercise prescription, exercise testing, physical stress, physical activity behavior, sex differences
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Reference Values
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-11, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-11 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Cited sources are checked with a language model’s help (gpt-6-sol).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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