CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 108Schizophrenia research and treatmentVisual perception and processing mechanismsHallucinations in medical conditions

Reduced binocular depth inversion in schizophrenic patients

Schneider, U., Borsutzky, M., Seifert, J., Leweke, F.M., Huber, T.J., Rollnik, J.D., Emrich, H.M.·2002·Schizophrenia Research
DOI 10.1016/s0920-9964(00)00172-9
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Binocular depth inversion represents an illusion of visual perception, serving to invert the perception of implausible hollow objects, e.g. a hollow face into a normal face. Such inversion occurs frequently, especially when objects with a high degree of familiarity (e.g. photographs of faces) are displayed. Under normal conditions, cognitive factors apparently override the binocular disparity cues of stereopsis. This internal mechanism--a kind of "censorship" of perception balancing "top-down" and "bottom-up" processes of perception--appears to be disturbed in psychotic states. The clinical and neuropsychological performance of schizophrenic patients was assessed using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), the Positive And Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS), the Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI), the Mehrfach-Wahlwortschatz Intelligence Test (MWT-B) and the binocular depth inversion test (BDIT) using pictures with a high degree of familiarity. In schizophrenic patients, the performance in the BDIT differed significantly from healthy controls and from patients with major depression. The schizophrenic patients were more veridical in their judgements in the BDIT. During antipsychotic treatment, BPRS and PANSS scores improved and the inversed faces were seen as more illusionary, driven by an increase in top-down processing. At the end of treatment, there was no significant difference between the patient group and the healthy controls in the score of binocular depth inversion. These findings suggest that testing of binocular depth inversion can detect specific dysfunctions in visual perception and might be useful as a state-marker for psychotic states.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s0920-9964(00)00172-9

Cites

32 of 32 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • The findings are not at odds with the decreased susceptibility to some visual illusions observed in schizophrenic patients.

    “Our findings are therefore not at odds with decreased susceptibility to some visual illusions in schizophrenic patients (37,38,40,41).”

    From Shift toward prior knowledge confers a perceptual advantage in early psychosis and psychosis-prone healthy individuals (2015) · cites this paper as [40]

  • Some authors argue that certain visual illusions rely on some form of top-down processing, a claim that has been contested.

    “some authors argue that certain illusions rely on some form of top-down processing (40,41), a claim that has been contested (42,43).”

    From Shift toward prior knowledge confers a perceptual advantage in early psychosis and psychosis-prone healthy individuals (2015) · cites this paper as [40]

  • Patients with schizophrenia failed to correct for the inverted Hollow Mask to a more plausible interpretation, which can be explained by an underweighting of prior knowledge during perceptual inferences.

    “The fact that patients with schizophrenia failed to correct for the inverted Hollow Mask to a more plausible (or predictable) interpretation can also be explained by an underweighting of prior knowledge during perceptual inferences (Schmeider et al., 1996; Schneider et al., 2002; Koethe et al., 2009).”

    From What visual illusions teach us about schizophrenia (2014) · cites this paper as Schneider et al., 2002

  • Studies comparing schizophrenia with bipolar or major depressive disorder found that the latter two groups were normally sensitive to Binocular depth inversion and Contrast modulation, significantly different from schizophrenia patients.

    “studies that directly compared patients who suffered from schizophrenia with patients who suffered from bipolar or major depressive disorders found that the latter two groups were normally sensitive to Binocular depth inversion (Schneider et al., 2002; Koethe et al., 2009; Wang et al., 2013) and Contrast modulation (Dakin et al., 2005; Yang et al., 2013), which was significantly different from the”

    From What visual illusions teach us about schizophrenia (2014) · cites this paper as Schneider et al., 2002

  • In two prospective experiments, sensitivity to illusions normalized in schizophrenia groups receiving inpatient treatment, becoming comparable to controls.

    “In two experiments that prospectively assessed how clinical evolution impacts VI perception, a normalization of sensitivity to illusions was observed in the schizophrenia groups that received inpatient treatment, which became comparable to controls (Schneider et al., 2002; Silverstein et al., 2013).”

    From What visual illusions teach us about schizophrenia (2014) · cites this paper as Schneider et al., 2002

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Schneider, U., Borsutzky, M., Seifert, J., Leweke, F. M., Huber, T. J., Rollnik, J. D., & Emrich, H. M.
Affiliations
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (DE)
Corresponding author
Schneider, U.
ORCID
Venue
Schizophrenia Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2002-01
Volume
53
Issue
1-2
Pages
101-108
ISSN
0920-9964 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0920-9964(00)00172-9
OpenAlex
W2051195017
Cited by
108
References
32
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 9
FWCI
1.71
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Schizophrenia Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Hallucinations in medical conditions
Keywords
schizophrenia
MeSH terms
Adult, Depth Perception, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Optical Illusions, Orientation, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Vision Disparity

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review