Cited by 422Cannabis and Cannabinoid ResearchMedicinal Plant Extracts EffectsNigella sativa pharmacological applications

Cannabidiol: from an inactive cannabinoid to a drug with wide spectrum of action

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Zuardi, Antonio Waldo·2008·Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this review is to describe the historical development of research on cannabidiol. METHOD: This review was carried out on reports drawn from Medline, Web of Science and SciELO. DISCUSSION: After the elucidation of the chemical structure of cannabidiol in 1963, the initial studies showed that cannabidiol was unable to mimic the effects of Cannabis. In the 1970's the number of publications on cannabidiol reached a first peak, having the research focused mainly on the interaction with delta9-THC and its antiepileptic and sedative effects. The following two decades showed lower degree of interest, and the potential therapeutic properties of cannabidiol investigated were mainly the anxiolytic, antipsychotic and on motor diseases effects. The last five years have shown a remarkable increase in publications on cannabidiol mainly stimulated by the discovery of its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and neuroprotective effects. These studies have suggested a wide range of possible therapeutic effects of cannabidiol on several conditions, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, other inflammatory diseases, nausea and cancer. CONCLUSION: In the last 45 years it has been possible to demonstrate that CBD has a wide range of pharmacological effects, many of which being of great therapeutic interest, but still waiting to be confirmed by clinical trials.

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Research works printed but not linked: 9

  1. Mechoulam R, Shvo Y. Hashish. 1. Structure of Cannabidiol. Tetrahedron. 1963;19(12):2073-8.
  2. Zuardi AW, Karniol IG. Interação farmacológica entre delta -9 -THC e CBD, dos constituintes activos da cannabis sativa. Ciência e Cultura. 1984;36(3):386-94.
  3. Musty RE, Conti LH, Mechoulam R. Anxiolytic properties of cannabidiol. In: Harvey DJ, editor. Marihuana '84. Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Cannabis. Oxford, UK: IRL Press Limited; 1984. p. 713-9.
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  5. Zuardi AW, Guimarães FS, Guimarães VM. Cannabidiol: possible therapeutic application. In: Grotenhermen F, Russo E, Varo RN, editors. Cannabis and Cannabinoids: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Potential. New York: The Haword Interactive Healing Press; 2002. p. 359-69.
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Authors
Zuardi, A. W.
Affiliations
Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
Venue
Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria
Published
2008-09
Volume
30
Issue
3
Pages
271-280
ISSN
1516-4446 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2038532706
Cited by
421
References
116
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 26
FWCI
13.31
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc
Locations
  • Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) (publishedVersion)
  • Americanae (AECID Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Medicinal Plant Extracts Effects
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Nigella sativa pharmacological applications
Keywords
cannabidiol, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, antiepileptic effect, anxiolytic effects, antipsychotic effects, neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory activity, antioxidant activity, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, nausea, therapeutic potential
MeSH terms
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Antiemetics, Antineoplastic Agents, Antioxidants, Mental Disorders, Cannabidiol, Cannabis, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Parkinson Disease, Schizophrenia, Antipsychotic Agents, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Neuroprotective Agents, Biomedical Research

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