The multifactorial interplay of diet, the microbiome and appetite control: current knowledge and future challenges
Open accessAbstract
The recent availability of high-throughput nucleic acid sequencing technologies has rapidly advanced approaches to analysing the role of the gut microbiome in governance of human health, including gut health, and also metabolic, cardiovascular and mental health,inter alia. Recent scientific studies suggest that energy intake (EI) perturbations at the population level cannot account for the current obesity epidemic, and significant work is investigating the potential role of the microbiome, and in particular its metabolic products, notably SCFA, predominantly acetate, propionate and butyrate, the last of which is an energy source for the epithelium of the large intestine. The energy yield from dietary residues may be a significant factor influencing energy balance. This review posits that the contribution towards EI is governed by EI diet composition (not just fibre), the composition of the microbiome and by the levels of physical activity. Furthermore, we hypothesise that these factors do not exist in a steady state, but rather are dynamic, with both short- and medium-term effects on appetite regulation. We suggest that the existing modelling strategies for bacterial dynamics, specifically for growth in chemostat culture, are of utility in understanding the dynamic interplay of diet, activity and microbiomic organisation. Such approaches may be informative in optimising the application of dietary and microbial therapy to promote health.
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Several other lifestyle factors, including TV watching, sleep duration, circadian alignment, and possibly maternal-fetal influences, interact with diet to influence adiposity.
“Several other lifestyle factors appear to interact with diet to influence adiposity. These include TV watching, sleep duration, circadian alignment, and possibly maternal-fetal (e.g., placental) influences.28, 41, 67-70”
From Dietary and Policy Priorities for Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, and Obesity: A Comprehensive Review (2016) · cites this paper as [69]
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- Authors
- Corfe, B. M., Harden, C. J., Bull, M., & Garaiova, I.
- Affiliations
- University of Sheffield (GB)
- Cardiff University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Corfe, Bernard M.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the Nutrition Society
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2015-01-23
- Volume
- 74
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 235-244
- ISSN
- 0029-6651 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-2719
- OpenAlex
- W2153406439
- Cited by
- 18
- References
- 85
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4
- FWCI
- 0.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of The Nutrition Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (acceptedVersion)
- ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, appetite regulation, short-chain fatty acids, butyrate, energy balance, obesity, diet composition, physical activity, chemostat culture, dietary therapy, microbial treatment, gut health
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Appetite Regulation, Energy Intake, Diet, Energy Metabolism, Fatty Acids, Volatile, Humans, Obesity
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