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Cited by 642Mental Health Treatment and AccessHealth disparities and outcomesRacial and Ethnic Identity Research

Lifetime risk and persistence of psychiatric disorders across ethnic groups in the United States

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BRESLAU, JOSHUA, KENDLER, KENNETH S., SU, MAXWELL, GAXIOLA-AGUILAR, SERGIO, KESSLER, RONALD C.·2005·Psychological Medicine
DOI 10.1017/s0033291704003514PMC PMC2748985
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Abstract

Background. Recent research in the United States has demonstrated striking health disparities across ethnic groups. Despite a longstanding interest in ethnic disadvantage in psychiatric epidemiology, patterns of psychiatric morbidity across ethnic groups have never been examined in a nationally representative sample. Method. Ethnic differences in psychiatric morbidity are analyzed using data from the National Comorbidity Survey (NCS). The three largest ethnic groups in the United States – Hispanics, Non-Hispanic Blacks and Non-Hispanic Whites – were compared with respect to lifetime risk and persistence of three categories of psychiatric disorder: mood disorder, anxiety disorder, and substance use disorder. Results. Where differences across ethnic groups were found in lifetime risk, socially disadvantaged groups had lower risk. Relative to Non-Hispanic Whites, Hispanics had lower lifetime risk of substance use disorder and Non-Hispanic Blacks had lower lifetime risk of mood, anxiety and substance use disorders. Where differences were found in persistence of disorders, disadvantaged groups had higher risk. Hispanics with mood disorders were more likely to be persistently ill as were Non-Hispanic Blacks with respect to both mood disorders and anxiety disorders. Closer examination found these differences to be generally consistent across population subgroups. Conclusions. Members of disadvantaged ethnic groups in the United States do not have an increased risk for psychiatric disorders. Members of these groups, however, do tend to have more persistent disorders. Future research should focus on explanations for these findings, including the possibility that these comparisons are biased, and on potential means of reducing the disparity in persistence of disorders across ethnic groups.

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  • Disproportionate exposure to race-related stressors may partly explain the higher prevalence and persistence rates of mood and anxiety disorders among Black, Asian, and Latinx groups compared with non-Latinx White groups.

    “This disproportionate exposure to race-related stressors may partly explain the higher prevalence and persistence rates of mood and anxiety disorders among Black, Asian, and Latinx groups compared with non-Latinx White groups [12,13].”

    From App-Based Mindfulness Meditation for People of Color Who Experience Race-Related Stress: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (2022) · cites this paper as [12]

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Authors
BRESLAU, J., KENDLER, K. S., SU, M., GAXIOLA-AGUILAR, S., & KESSLER, R. C.
Affiliations
  • Harvard University (US)
  • Virginia Commonwealth University (US)
ORCID
Venue
Psychological Medicine
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published
2004-09-29
Volume
35
Issue
3
Pages
317-327
ISSN
  • 0033-2917 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-8978
DOI
10.1017/s0033291704003514
PMC
PMC2748985
OpenAlex
W2119176293
Cited by
642
References
55
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 38 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 42 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 34
FWCI
22.66
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified)
Locations
  • Psychological Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of Mental Health (5 KO1 MH66057-02, K01MH066057)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
  • Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
Keywords
ethnic disparities, psychiatric morbidity, lifetime risk, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, Hispanic Americans, African Americans, social deprivation, National Comorbidity Survey
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Mental Disorders, Ethnicity, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Morbidity, Risk Factors, Social Class, United States

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