Unintended compositional changes in genetically modified (GM) crops: 20 years of research

Herman, Rod A.; Price, William D.

doi:10.1021/jf400135r

Cited by 156Genetically Modified Organisms ResearchAgricultural safety and regulationsCarcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment

Unintended compositional changes in genetically modified (GM) crops: 20 years of research

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Herman, Rod A., Price, William D.·2013·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

DOI 10.1021/jf400135r

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Abstract

The compositional equivalency between genetically modified (GM) crops and nontransgenic comparators has been a fundamental component of human health safety assessment for 20 years. During this time, a large amount of information has been amassed on the compositional changes that accompany both the transgenesis process and traditional breeding methods; additionally, the genetic mechanisms behind these changes have been elucidated. After two decades, scientists are encouraged to objectively assess this body of literature and determine if sufficient scientific uncertainty still exists to continue the general requirement for these studies to support the safety assessment of transgenic crops. It is concluded that suspect unintended compositional effects that could be caused by genetic modification have not materialized on the basis of this substantial literature. Hence, compositional equivalence studies uniquely required for GM crops may no longer be justified on the basis of scientific uncertainty.

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The composition of GE maize grain did not differ from that of the isolines for protein, lipid, ADF, NDF and TDF content.
“Apart from mycotoxin levels, our results indicated that the composition of GE maize grain did not differ from that of the isolines for protein, lipid, ADF, NDF and TDF content, and confirm what was found on compositional equivalence between GE crops and non-GE comparators over the last two decades36.”
From Impact of genetically engineered maize on agronomic, environmental and toxicological traits: a meta-analysis of 21 years of field data (2018) · cites this paper as [36]
The process of genetic engineering generally has fewer effects on crop composition compared with traditional breeding methods.
“There is increasing evidence that the process of genetic engineering generally has fewer effects on crop composition compared with traditional breeding methods (Herman and Price, 2013).”
From Genetically engineered crops help support conservation biological control (2019) · cites this paper as Herman and Price, 2013
Japanese regulators found 189 submissions to be substantially equivalent to their conventional counterparts.
“as have Japanese regulators for 189 submissions (Herman and Price, 2013).”
From Prevalence and impacts of genetically engineered feedstuffs on livestock populations1 (2014) · cites this paper as Herman and Price, 2013
Independent studies have shown the compositional equivalence of the current generation of GE crops.
“Independent studies have shown the compositional equivalence of the current generation of GE crops (Cheng et al., 2008; Garcia-Villalba et al., 2008; Herman and Price, 2013; Hollingworth et al., 2003)”
From Prevalence and impacts of genetically engineered feedstuffs on livestock populations1 (2014) · cites this paper as Herman and Price, 2013
Over the past 20 years, the United States Food and Drug Administration found all 148 GE transformation events it evaluated to be substantially equivalent to their conventional counterparts.
“Over the past 20 yr, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration found all of the 148 GE transformation events that they evaluated to be substantially equivalent to their conventional counterparts”
From Prevalence and impacts of genetically engineered feedstuffs on livestock populations1 (2014) · cites this paper as Herman and Price, 2013

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Nelson, K. A., & Renner, K. A. (2001) · Agronomy Journal · doi:10.2134/agronj2001.932428x · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Study on the compositional differences between transgenic and non-transgenic papaya (Carica papaya L.)
Jiao, Z., Deng, J., Li, G., Zhang, Z., & Cai, Z. (2010) · Journal of Food Composition and Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2010.03.004 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Investigations on Genetically Modified Maize (Bt-Maize) in Pig Nutrition: Chemical Composition and Nutritional Evaluation
Reuter, T., Aulrich, K., Berk, A., & Flachowsky, G. (2002) · Archiv für Tierernaehrung · doi:10.1080/00039420214179 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Genetically modified feeds in animal nutrition 2nd communication: Glufosinate tolerant sugar beets (roots and silage) and maize grains for ruminants and pigs
Böhme, H., Aulrich, K., Daenicke, R., & Flachowsky, G. (2001) · Archiv für Tierernaehrung · doi:10.1080/17450390109381978 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Compositions of Forage and Seed from Second-Generation Glyphosate-Tolerant Soybean MON 89788 and Insect-Protected Soybean MON 87701 from Brazil Are Equivalent to Those of Conventional Soybean (Glycine max)
Berman, K. H., Harrigan, G. G., Riordan, S. G., Nemeth, M. A., Hanson, C., Smith, M., Sorbet, R., Zhu, E., & Ridley, W. P. (2010) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf1003978 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Assessing the natural variability in crop composition
Harrigan, G. G., Glenn, K. C., & Ridley, W. P. (2010) · Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2010.08.023 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Compositions of Seed, Forage, and Processed Fractions from Insect-Protected Soybean MON 87701 Are Equivalent to Those of Conventional Soybean
Berman, K. H., Harrigan, G. G., Riordan, S. G., Nemeth, M. A., Hanson, C., Smith, M., Sorbet, R., Zhu, E., & Ridley, W. P. (2009) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf902955r · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Comparison of Nutritional Quality between Chinese Indica Rice with sck and cry1Ac Genes and Its Nontransgenic Counterpart
Li, X., Huang, K., He, X., Zhu, B., Liang, Z., Li, H., & Luo, Y. (2007) · Journal of Food Science · doi:10.1111/j.1750-3841.2007.00416.x · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Genetically modified myths and realities
Parrott, W. A. (2010) · New Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.nbt.2010.05.016 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Compositional Equivalence of Insect-Protected Glyphosate-Tolerant Soybean MON 87701 × MON 89788 to Conventional Soybean Extends across Different World Regions and Multiple Growing Seasons
Berman, K. H., Harrigan, G. G., Nemeth, M. A., de Oliveira, W. S., Berger, G. U., & Tagliaferro, F. S. (2011) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf202782z · Cited by 34 · see citing works
The Forage and Grain of MON 87460, a Drought-Tolerant Corn Hybrid, Are Compositionally Equivalent to That of Conventional Corn
Harrigan, G. G., Ridley, W. P., Miller, K. D., Sorbet, R., Riordan, S. G., Nemeth, M. A., Reeves, W., & Pester, T. A. (2009) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf9021515 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Compositional Variability in Conventional and Glyphosate-Tolerant Soybean (Glycine max L.) Varieties Grown in Different Regions in Brazil
Zhou, J., Berman, K. H., Breeze, M. L., Nemeth, M. A., de Oliveira, W. S., Braga, D. P. V., Berger, G. U., & Harrigan, G. G. (2011) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf202781v · Cited by 32 · see citing works
SIGLa: an adaptable LIMS for multiple laboratories
Melo, A., Faria-Campos, A., DeLaat, D. M., Keller, R., de Abreu, V. A. C., & Campos, S. (2010) · BMC Genomics · doi:10.1186/1471-2164-11-s5-s8 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Assessment of the Nutritional Values of Genetically Modified Wheat, Corn, and Tomato Crops
Venneria, E., Fanasca, S., Monastra, G., Finotti, E., Ambra, R., Azzini, E., Durazzo, A., Foddai, M. S., & Maiani, G. (2008) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf8010992 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Glycoalkaloids in potatoes
Osman, S. F. (1983) · Food Chemistry · doi:10.1016/0308-8146(83)90073-0 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Glyphosate-Tolerant Alfalfa Is Compositionally Equivalent to Conventional Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
McCann, M. C., Rogan, G. J., Fitzpatrick, S., Trujillo, W. A., Sorbet, R., Hartnell, G. F., Riodan, S. G., & Nemeth, M. A. (2006) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf061482m · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Stability in the Composition Equivalence of Grain from Insect-Protected Maize and Seed from Glyphosate-Tolerant Soybean to Conventional Counterparts over Multiple Seasons, Locations, and Breeding Germplasms
Zhou, J., Harrigan, G. G., Berman, K. H., Webb, E. G., Klusmeyer, T. H., & Nemeth, M. A. (2011) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf2019038 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Compositional comparative analysis between insect-resistant rice (Oryza sativa L.) with a synthetic cry1Ac gene and its non-transgenic counterpart
Park, S.-Y., Lee, S.-M., Lee, J.-H., Ko, H.-S., Kweon, S.-J., Suh, S., Shin, K.-S., & Kim, J. K. (2011) · Plant Biotechnology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11816-011-0192-1 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Comparative nutritional analysis for genetically modified rice, Iksan483 and Milyang204, and nontransgenic counterparts
Choi, H., Moon, J., Park, B., Park, H., Park, S., Kim, T., Kim, D.-H., Ryu, T., Kweon, S.-J., & Kim, J. (2012) · Journal of the Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s13765-012-0004-5 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Evaluation of Compositional Equivalence for Multitrait Biotechnology Crops
Ridley, W. P., Harrigan, G. G., Breeze, M. L., Nemeth, M. A., Sidhu, R. S., & Glenn, K. C. (2011) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf103874t · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Efficacy of Various Corn Herbicides Applied Preplant Incorporated and Preemergence
Johnson, W. G., Chahal, G. S., & Regehr, D. L. (2012) · Weed Technology · doi:10.1614/wt-d-11-00149.1 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Glufosinate herbicide-tolerant (LibertyLink) rice vs. conventional rice in diets for growing-finishing swine1,2
Cromwell, G. L., Henry, B. J., Scott, A. L., Gerngross, M. F., Dusek, D. L., & Fletcher, D. W. (2005) · Journal of Animal Science · doi:10.2527/2005.8351068x · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Assessment of compositional changes during ripening of transgenic papaya modified for protection against papaya ringspot virus
Roberts, M., Minott, D. A., Tennant, P., & Jackson, J. C. (2008) · Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture · doi:10.1002/jsfa.3295 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Comparative analysis of nutritional composition between herbicide-tolerant rice with bar gene and its non-transgenic counterpart
Xin, X., Li, Xiaoyun, He, Yunbo, Luo, Guoying, Xiao, X., Xianbin, Jiang, et al. (2008) · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Endogenous allergen upregulation: Transgenic vs. traditionally bred crops
Herman, R. A., & Ladics, G. S. (2011) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2011.07.018 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citation
Compositional and toxicological analysis of a GM potato line with reduced α-solanine content – A 90-day feeding study in the Syrian Golden hamster
Langkilde, S., Schrøder, M., Frank, T., Shepherd, L. V. T., Conner, S. D., Davies, H. V., Meyer, O., Danier, J., Rychlik, M., Belknap, W. R., et al. (2012) · Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.06.018 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Improvements to the International Life Sciences Institute Crop Composition Database
Alba, R., Phillips, A., Mackie, S., Gillikin, N., Maxwell, C., Brune, P., Ridley, W., Fitzpatrick, J., Levine, M., & Harris, S. (2010) · Journal of Food Composition and Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2010.03.007 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Availability and Utility of Crop Composition Data
Kitta, K. (2013) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf400777v · Cited by 19 · see citing works
The nutrient composition of the herbicide-tolerant green pepper is equivalent to that of the conventional green pepper
Park, H., Lee, S. H., Jeong, H.-J., Cho, S., Chun, H., Back, O., Kim, D., & Lillehoj, H. S. (2006) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2006.09.001 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Comparisons of nutritional and phytochemical property of genetically modified CMV-resistant red pepper and its parental cultivar
Bhandari, S. R., Basnet, S., Chung, K. H., Ryu, K.-H., & Lee, Y. (2012) · Horticulture Environment and Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s13580-012-0076-5 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Analytical composition and rumen degradability of isogenic and transgenic corn varieties
Rossi, F., Moschini, M., Fiorentini, L., Masoero, F., & Piva, G. (2003) · Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture · doi:10.1002/jsfa.1545 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Safety Evaluations of the Cry1Ia1 Protein Found in the Transgenic Potato ‘SpuntaG2’
Quemada, H. D., Zarka, K. A., Pett, W. L., Bothma, G., Felcher, K. J., Mirendil, H., Koch, M., Brink, J., & Douches, D. S. (2010) · Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science · doi:10.21273/jashs.135.4.325 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Composition of Transgenic Soybean Seeds with Higher γ-Linolenic Acid Content Is Equivalent to That of Conventional Control
Qin, F., Kang, L., Guo, L., Lin, J., Song, J., & Zhao, Y. (2012) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf204336a · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Fatty Acid Patterns of Genetically Modified Cry3Bb1 Expressing Bt-Maize MON88017 and Its Near-Isogenic Line
Poerschmann, J., Rauschen, S., Langer, U., Augustin, J., & Górecki, T. (2008) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf803009u · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Safe composition levels of transgenic crops assessed via a clinical medicine model
Herman, R. A., Scherer, P. N., Phillips, A. M., Storer, N. P., & Krieger, M. (2010) · Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1002/biot.200900217 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citation
Composition of Transgenic Volvariella volvacea Tolerant to Cold Stress Is Equivalent to That of Conventional Control
Wang, J., Guo, L., & Lin, J. (2009) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf803363g · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Compositional safety of event DAS-40278-9 (AAD-1) herbicide-tolerant maize
Herman, R. A., Phillips, A. M., Lepping, M. D., Fast, B. J., & Sabbatini, J. (2010) · GM Crops · doi:10.4161/gmcr.1.5.14285 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citation
Assessment of genetically modified potato lines resistant to potato virus Y using compositional analysis and molecular markers.
El-Khishin, D. A., Hamid, A. A., El-Moghazy, G., & Metry, E. A. (2009) · Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Metabolic Fingerprinting Study on the Substantial Equivalence of Genetically Modified (GM) Chinese Cabbage to Non-GM Cabbage
Kim, J. K. (2009) · Journal of the Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistry · doi:10.3839/jksabc.2009.034 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Registration of GEMS‐0001 Maize Germplasm Resistant to Leaf Blade, Leaf Sheath, and Collar Feeding by European Corn Borer
Abel, C. A., Pollak, L. M., Salhuana, W., Widrlechner, M. P., & Wilson, R. L. (2001) · Crop Science · doi:10.2135/cropsci2001.4151651x · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Absence of Effect after Introducing Bacillus thuringiensis Gene on Nutritional Composition in Cottonseed
Tang, M., Huang, K., Zhou, X., He, X., & Luo, Y. (2006) · Journal of Food Science · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.2006.tb12403.x · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Safety risks of cryptic reading frames and gene disruption due to crop transgenesis: What are the odds?
Herman, R. A., Song, P., & Zhuang, M. (2011) · GM Crops · doi:10.4161/gmcr.2.1.15622 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citation
Safety Assessment and Detection Method of Genetically Modified Chinese Kale (Brassica oleracea cv. alboglabra)
Lin, C., Lu, C.-T., Lin, H.-T., & Pan, T. (2009) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf8034644 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Starch Characteristics of Transgenic Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) Overexpressing the Dx5 High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunit are Substantially Equivalent to Those in Nonmodified Wheat
Beckles, D. M., Tananuwong, K., & Shoemaker, C. F. (2012) · Journal of Food Science · doi:10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02648.x · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Compositional assessment of carotenoid-biofortified rice using substantial equivalence
Kim, J. K. (2012) · AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY · doi:10.5897/ajb11.1816 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

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Genetically engineered crops help support conservation biological control
Romeis, J., Naranjo, S. E., Meissle, M., & Shelton, A. M. (2019) · Biological Control · doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2018.10.001 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Impact of genetically engineered maize on agronomic, environmental and toxicological traits: a meta-analysis of 21 years of field data
Pellegrino, E., Bedini, S., Nuti, M., & Ercoli, L. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-21284-2 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Prevalence and impacts of genetically engineered feedstuffs on livestock populations1
Van Eenennaam, A. L., & Young, A. E. (2014) · Journal of Animal Science · doi:10.2527/jas.2014-8124 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Genetic basis and detection of unintended effects in genetically modified crop plants
Ladics, G. S., Bartholomaeus, A., Bregitzer, P., Doerrer, N. G., Gray, A. J., Holzhauser, T., Jordan, M. C., Keese, P. K., Kok, E. J., Macdonald, P., et al. (2015) · Transgenic Research · doi:10.1007/s11248-015-9867-7 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
The Omics Revolution in Agricultural Research
Emon, J. M. V. (2015) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04515 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
EFSA’s scientific activities and achievements on the risk assessment of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) during its first decade of existence: looking back and ahead
Devos, Y., Aguilera, J., Diveki, Z., Gomes, A., Liu, Y., Paoletti, C., du Jardin, P., Herman, L., Perry, J. N., & Waigmann, E. (2014) · Transgenic Research · doi:10.1007/s11248-013-9741-4 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
How safe does transgenic food need to be?
DeFrancesco, L. (2013) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.2686 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Bringing New Plant Varieties to Market: Plant Breeding and Selection Practices Advance Beneficial Characteristics while Minimizing Unintended Changes
Glenn, K. C., Alsop, B., Bell, E., Goley, M. E., Jenkinson, J. E., Liu, B., Martin, C. E., Parrott, W. A., Souder, C., Sparks, O. C., et al. (2017) · Crop Science · doi:10.2135/cropsci2017.03.0199 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Review of GMO safety assessment studies: glyphosate residues in Roundup Ready crops is an ignored issue
Cuhra, M. (2015) · Environmental Sciences Europe · doi:10.1186/s12302-015-0052-7 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Genetic Variation and Unintended Risk in the Context of Old and New Breeding Techniques
Singer, S. D., Laurie, J. D., Bilichak, A., Kumar, S., & Singh, J. (2021) · Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences · doi:10.1080/07352689.2021.1883826 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Contribution of Untargeted Metabolomics for Future Assessment of Biotech Crops
Christ, B., Pluskal, T., Aubry, S., & Weng, J. (2018) · Trends in Plant Science · doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2018.09.011 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Risk Assessment and Regulation of Plants Modified by Modern Biotechniques: Current Status and Future Challenges
Schiemann, J., Dietz‐Pfeilstetter, A., Hartung, F., Kohl, C., Romeis, J., & Sprink, T. (2019) · Annual Review of Plant Biology · doi:10.1146/annurev-arplant-050718-100025 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Genetically engineered crops that fly under the US regulatory radar
Camacho, A. B., Deynze, A. V., Chi‐Ham, C. L., & Bennett, A. B. (2014) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.3057 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Glyphosate-based herbicide formulations and reproductive toxicity in animals
Jarrell, Z. R., Ahammad, M. U., & Benson, A. P. (2020) · Veterinary and Animal Science · doi:10.1016/j.vas.2020.100126 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Compositional Analysis of Genetically Engineered GR2E “Golden Rice” in Comparison to That of Conventional Rice
Swamy, B. P. M., Samia, M., Boncodin, R., Marundan, S., Rebong, D. B., Ordonio, R. L., Miranda, R. T., Rebong, A. T., Alibuyog, A. Y., Adeva, C. C., et al. (2019) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01524 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Translational research: from pot to plot
Nelissen, H., Moloney, M. M., & Inzé, D. (2014) · Plant Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1111/pbi.12176 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Intended and unintended consequences of genetically modified crops – myth, fact and/or manageable outcomes?
Caradus, J. R. (2022) · New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research · doi:10.1080/00288233.2022.2141273 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Transgenic cereals: Current status and future prospects
Dunwell, J. M. (2013) · Journal of Cereal Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcs.2013.08.008 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Development and characterization of GR2E Golden rice introgression lines
Swamy, B. P. M., Marundan, S., Samia, M., Ordonio, R. L., Rebong, D. B., Miranda, R. T., Alibuyog, A. Y., Rebong, A. T., Tabil, M. A., Suralta, R. R., et al. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82001-0 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Global Adoption of Genetically Modified (GM) Crops: Challenges for the Public Sector
Huesing, J. E., Andres, D., Braverman, M. P., Burns, A., Felsot, A. S., Harrigan, G. G., Hellmich, R. L., Reynolds, A., Shelton, A. M., van Rijssen, W. J., et al. (2016) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05116 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Glyphosate in livestock: feed residues and animal health1
Vicini, J. L., Reeves, W., Swarthout, J. T., & Karberg, K. A. (2019) · Journal of Animal Science · doi:10.1093/jas/skz295 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Evaluation of the use of untargeted metabolomics in the safety assessment of genetically modified crops
Bedair, M., & Glenn, K. C. (2020) · Metabolomics · doi:10.1007/s11306-020-01733-8 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Genetic Engineering and Sustainable Crop Disease Management: Opportunities for Case-by-Case Decision-Making
Vincelli, P. C. (2016) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su8050495 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Effect of Genetics, Environment, and Phenotype on the Metabolome of Maize Hybrids Using GC/MS and LC/MS
Tang, W., Hazebroek, J. P., Zhong, C. X., Harp, T., Vlahakis, C., Baumhover, B., & Asiago, V. M. (2017) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00456 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
The Role of Biofuels Coproducts in Feeding the World Sustainably
Shurson, G. C. (2016) · Annual Review of Animal Biosciences · doi:10.1146/annurev-animal-022516-022907 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Modifying glycoalkaloid content in transgenic potato – Metabolome impacts
Shepherd, L. V. T., Hackett, C. A., Alexander, C. J., McNicol, J. W., Sungurtas, J. A., Stewart, D., McCue, K. F., Belknap, W. R., & Davies, H. V. (2015) · Food Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.111 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
New EU legislation for risk assessment of GM food: No scientific justification for mandatory animal feeding trials
Kuiper, H. A., Kok, E. J., & Davies, H. V. (2013) · Plant Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1111/pbi.12091 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Ending event-based regulation of GMO crops
Strauss, S. H., & Sax, J. K. (2016) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.3541 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
The end of a myth—Bt (Cry1Ab) maize does not harm green lacewings
Romeis, J., Meissle, M., Naranjo, S. E., Li, Y., & Bigler, F. (2014) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2014.00391 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Assessment of the potential allergenicity of genetically-engineered food crops
Ladics, G. (2018) · Journal of Immunotoxicology · doi:10.1080/1547691x.2018.1533904 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Plant breeding involving genetic engineering does not result in unacceptable unintended effects in rice relative to conventional cross‐breeding
Liu, Q., Yang, X., Tzin, V., Peng, Y., Romeis, J., & Li, Y. (2020) · The Plant Journal · doi:10.1111/tpj.14895 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Compositional Equivalence of DAS-444Ø6-6 (AAD-12 + 2mEPSPS + PAT) Herbicide-Tolerant Soybean and Nontransgenic Soybean
Lepping, M. D., Herman, R. A., & Potts, B. L. (2013) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf403775d · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citation
Measurement of endogenous allergens in genetically modified soybeans – Short communication
Ladics, G. S., Budziszewski, G. J., Herman, R. A., Hérouet-Guicheney, C., Joshi, S. S., Lipscomb, E. A., McClain, S., & Ward, J. (2014) · Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.06.006 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citation
Effect of Environment and Genotype on Commercial Maize Hybrids Using LC/MS-Based Metabolomics
Baniasadi, H. R., Vlahakis, C., Hazebroek, J. P., Zhong, C. X., & Asiago, V. M. (2014) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf404702g · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Stacking transgenic event DAS‐Ø15Ø7‐1 alters maize composition less than traditional breeding
Herman, R. A., Fast, B. J., Scherer, P. N., Brune, A. M., de Cerqueira, D. T. R., Schafer, B. W., Ekmay, R. D., Harrigan, G. G., & Bradfisch, G. A. (2017) · Plant Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1111/pbi.12713 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citation
Policy-Led Comparative Environmental Risk Assessment of Genetically Modified Crops: Testing for Increased Risk Rather Than Profiling Phenotypes Leads to Predictable and Transparent Decision-Making
Raybould, A. F., & Macdonald, P. (2018) · Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology · doi:10.3389/fbioe.2018.00043 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
GMOs in animal agriculture: time to consider both costs and benefits in regulatory evaluations
Eenennaam, A. L. V. (2013) · Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology/Journal of animal science and biotechnology · doi:10.1186/2049-1891-4-37 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Environmental Implications of Herbicide Resistance: Soil Biology and Ecology
Kremer, R. J. (2014) · Weed Science · doi:10.1614/ws-d-13-00114.1 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Compositional differences between near‐isogenic GM and conventional maize hybrids are associated with backcrossing practices in conventional breeding
Venkatesh, T. V., Cook, K. A., Liu, B., Perez, T. M., Willse, A., Tichich, R., Feng, P., & Harrigan, G. G. (2014) · Plant Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1111/pbi.12248 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Demystification of GM crop costs: releasing late blight resistant potato varieties as public goods in developing countries
Schiek, B., Hareau, G., Baguma, Y., Medakker, A., Douches, D., Shotkoski, F., & Ghislain, M. (2016) · International Journal of Biotechnology · doi:10.1504/ijbt.2016.077942 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Substantial Equivalence of a Transgenic Lemon Fruit Showing Postharvest Fungal Pathogens Resistance
Muccilli, V., Vitale, A., Sheng, L., Gentile, A., Cardullo, N., Tringali, C., Oliveri, C., Rosa, R. L., Guardo, M. D., Malfa, S. G. L., et al. (2020) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07925 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Risk-Only Assessment of Genetically Engineered Crops Is Risky
Herman, R. A., Zhuang, M., Storer, N. P., Cnudde, F., & Delaney, B. (2018) · Trends in Plant Science · doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2018.10.001 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
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Assessment of unanticipated unintended effects of genetically modified plants on non-target organisms: a controversy worthy of pursuit?
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Authors: Herman, R. A., & Price, W. D.
Affiliations: Dow AgroSciences LLC, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
United States Food and Drug Administration (US)
ORCID: Herman, Rod A.
Venue: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Published: 2013-02-25
Volume: 61
Issue: 48
Pages: 11695-11701
ISSN: 0021-8561 (ISSN-L)
1520-5118
DOI: 10.1021/jf400135r
OpenAlex: W2329516744
Cited by: 156
References: 117
Citations by year: 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 11
FWCI: 25.72
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: other-oa
pubs.acs.org/page/policy/authorchoice_termsofuse.html (vor)
Locations: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry (publishedVersion, other-oa)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Genetically Modified Organisms Research
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Agricultural safety and regulations
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
Keywords: genetically modified crops, transgenesis, conventional breeding, food safety assessment, scientific uncertainty, genetic modification
MeSH terms: Consumer Product Safety, Humans, Crops, Agricultural, Plants, Genetically Modified, Food, Genetically Modified, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century

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Unintended compositional changes in genetically modified (GM) crops: 20 years of research

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