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Social Anxiety Disorder in Childhood and Adolescence: Current Status and Future Directions
Abstract
This paper reviews the current status of research on the phenomenology, etiology, maintenance, assessment, and treatment of childhood and adolescent social anxiety disorder (SAD). Despite being one of the most prevalent disorders of childhood and adolescence, SAD paradoxically stands as one of the least recognized, researched, and treated pediatric disorders. The small treatment outcome literature provides preliminary support to the effectiveness of various forms of cognitive behavior therapy. The majority of studies to date, however, are limited by inadequate control conditions. Other findings include some support for the utility of parental involvement in treatment, significant advancements in outcome measures (e.g., normative comparisons, indices of naturalistic social functioning), and impressive durability of gains for the majority of treatments. Future directions are suggested, including experimental and naturalistic studies of developmental pathways and maintenance factors, the incorporation of "positive psychology" constructs (e.g., positive emotions, hope, self-control) in treatment and prevention, and the continued delineation of differences between child, adolescent, and adult manifestations of SAD.
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SAD presents one of the lowest rates of treatment seeking.
“Specifically, SAD presents one of the lowest rates of treatment seeking [16,17].”
From The Prevalence of Adolescent Social Fears and Social Anxiety Disorder in School Contexts (2022) · cites this paper as [17]
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“Specifically, SAD presents one of the lowest rates of treatment seeking [16,17].”
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“…as individual or group cognitive behaviour therapy, educational/supportive psychotherapy, psychosocial and pharmacological interventions, and parental involvement in treatment (Herbert et al., 2009; Hitchcock, Chavira, & Stein, 2009; Kashdan & Herbert, 2001; Rodebaugh, Holaway, & Heimberg, 2004).”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Kashdan, T. B., & Herbert, J. D.
- Affiliations
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kashdan, Todd B.
- ORCID
- Kashdan, Todd B.
- Venue
- Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review
- Published
- 2001-03
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 37-61
- ISSN
- 1096-4037 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2827
- OpenAlex
- W1802607147
- Cited by
- 205
- References
- 212
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 9.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH052232)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Therapy and Development
- Keywords
- social anxiety disorder, childhood anxiety, adolescent anxiety, cognitive behavioral therapy, treatment outcomes, parental involvement, etiology, hygiene factors, positive psychology, prevention, developmental pathways, normative comparison
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Anxiety Disorders, Child, Child Behavior, Child Health Services, Environment, Forecasting, Humans, Mental Health Services, Phobic Disorders, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Genetic Predisposition to Disease
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