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Functional projection: How fundamental social motives can bias interpersonal perception.
Abstract
Results from 2 experimental studies suggest that self-protection and mate-search goals lead to the perception of functionally relevant emotional expressions in goal-relevant social targets. Activating a self-protection goal led participants to perceive greater anger in Black male faces (Study 1) and Arab faces (Study 2), both out-groups heuristically associated with physical threat. In Study 2, participants' level of implicit Arab-threat associations moderated this bias. Activating a mate-search goal led male, but not female, participants to perceive more sexual arousal in attractive opposite-sex targets (Study 1). Activating these goals did not influence perceptions of goal-irrelevant targets. Additionally, participants with chronic self-protective and mate-search goals exhibited similar biases. Findings are consistent with a functionalist, motivation-based account of interpersonal perception.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Maner, J. K., Kenrick, D. T., Becker, D. V., Robertson, T. E., Hofer, B., Neuberg, S. L., Delton, A. W., Butner, J., & Schaller, M.
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 2005-01
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 63-78
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- OpenAlex
- W2171307318
- Cited by
- 480
- References
- 10
- FWCI
- 19.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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