The DOI matches its Crossref record; 195 of the 195 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Exposure and affect: Overview and meta-analysis of research, 1968–1987.
Abstract
L'auteur analyse les effets de variables methodologiques (type et complexite du stimulus, intervalle de presentation, temps d'exposition) et de variables subjectives (âge d'exposition, personnalite) sur la sensibilite du sujet aux stimulus de toutes sortes. Il conclut sur l'interet methodologique de sa recherche, ainsi que sur ses apports pratiques (publicite, traitement de la phobie)
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“In general, individuals prefer the familiar to the unknown because more risks are involved about the unknown [49,50].”
From Consumer Responses to Generative AI Chatbots Versus Search Engines for Product Evaluation (2025) · cites this paper as [50]
In the citing paper
“Research in psychology has shown that repeated exposure to a stimulus increases preference for it even when listeners are unaware of the repetition (Zajonc 1968;Bornstein 1989)”
From The Algorithmic Flattening of Sound: Computational Evidence and Justice Implications of AI Music Homogenization (2026) · cites this paper as Bornstein 1989
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Exposure effects on music preference and recognition
Peretz, I., Gaudreau, D., & Bonnel, A.-M. (1998) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/bf03201171 · Cited by 330
Exploring children's choice: The reminder effect of product placement
Auty, S., & Lewis, C. N. (2004) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.20025 · Cited by 313
“However, the priming effect is generally accepted to last up to 2 weeks ( Bornstein, 1989 ), so if priming is an essential element in the effect of mere exposure on choice, then one would expect to find a difference (in children with previous exposure) between those who saw the branded clip on the day and those who di…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialTrustworthy but not lust-worthy: context-specific effects of facial resemblance
DeBruine, L. M. (2005) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2004.3003 · Cited by 321
“Faces, as well as other objects, are judged as more attractive if they have been previously seen (Zajonc 1968; Bornstein 1989).”
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Gilovich, T. D., & Griffin, D. (2002) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511808098.002 · Cited by 312
Putting Reward in Art: A Tentative Prediction Error Account of Visual Art
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“At least in case of simple stimuli and subliminal exposures, the mere exposure effect has ample empirical support (Bornstein 1989).”
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Cox, D. S., & Cox, A. D. (2002) · Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science · doi:10.1177/03079459994371 · Cited by 306
“Bornstein (1989) found that naturalistic studies (which tend to employ longer intervals between exposures) tend to produce stronger exposure effects than laboratory studies.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialFamiliarity does indeed promote attraction in live interaction.
Reis, H. T., Maniaci, M. R., Caprariello, P. A., Eastwick, P. W., & Finkel, E. J. (2011) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0022885 · Cited by 313
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“It is also possible that an increase in the duration of the experiment would have increased boredom and that this increase in boredom might have attenuated the mere exposure effect, as Bornstein, Kale, and Cornell (1990) found that individuals high in boredom-proneness evidenced a reduced mere exposure effect.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialCelebrity fan involvement and destination perceptions
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Dynamics of calling: A longitudinal study of musicians
Riza, S. D. (2012) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.1808 · Cited by 281
Unconscious influences revealed: Attention, awareness, and control.
Jacoby, L. L., Lindsay, D. S., & Toth, J. P. (1992) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.47.6.802 · Cited by 268
“To list a few: Kunst-Wilson and Zajonc (1980; see Bornstein, 1989) showed that aesthetic preferences increase for briefly presented items, even though people are unaware that the items were previously presented.”
BackgroundCommitments to Save: A Field Experiment in Rural Malawi
Brune, L., Xavier Giné, A., Goldberg, J., & Yang, D. (2011) · doi:10.1596/1813-9450-5748 · Cited by 263
Sports sponsorship, spectator recall and false consensus
Bennett, R. (1999) · European Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1108/03090569910253071 · Cited by 266
Social Metacognition: An Expansionist Review
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“In another program of research, repeated exposure to affectively neutral stimuli was shown to result in increased liking for those stimuli (Bornstein, 1989; Kruglanski et al., 1996; Zajonc, 1980).”
BackgroundLievens, F., Hoye, G. V., & Schreurs, B. H. J. (2005) · Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1348/09631790x26688 · Cited by 278
“Theoretical evidence for the importance of familiarity also comes from the social psychological literature on ‘mere exposure’ indicating that increased familiarity with previously neutral objects leads to an increase in liking (Bornstein, 1989; Zajonc, 1968).”
Baeyens, F., Eelen, P., Crombez, G., & den Bergh, O. V. (1992) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(92)90136-5 · Cited by 251
Transportation Across Media: Repeated Exposure to Print and Film
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“…(but see Brewer, 1996, and Tannenbaum, 1985, for exceptions; see Claypool, Mackie, Garcia-Marques, McIntosh, & Udall, 2004, for a discussion of repetition of nonnarrative persuasive messages; and see Bornstein, 1989, for an overview of mere exposure or ‘‘familiarity breeds liking’’ effects).”
BackgroundHow Do I Love Thee? Let Me Count the Js: Implicit Egotism and Interpersonal Attraction.
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“mere exposure effect (Bornstein, 1989; Monahan, Murphy, & Zajonc, 2000; Zajonc, 1968) would seem to account well for many examples of implicit egotism.”
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“…DOI: 10.1080/02699930601000672 Exposure to neutral, relatively meaningless stimuli The first and most widely documented line of exposure research has examined effects on initially neutral, relatively meaningless stimuli (e.g., Chinese ideographs, nonsense syllables, octagons; see Bornstein, 1989).”
BackgroundInfluentialThe Mere Exposure Effect: An Uncertainty Reduction Explanation Revisited
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“Based on these investigations, two different explanations of the mere exposure effect have emerged: the misattribution model (Jacoby, Kelley, & Dywan, 1989) and the modified two-factor model (Berlyne, 1970; Bornstein, 1989a).”
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“Additionally, familiarity, which could emerge from repeated exposure, may increase attraction and likeability even when there is no actual social interaction (Bornstein, 1989; Moreland & Zajonc, 1982).”
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Do infants show social preferences for people differing in race?
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“Indeed, human preferences for the familiar are observed for non-social stimuli such as line drawings, polygons or words, as well as for social stimuli such as faces (Bornstein, 1989; Harrison, 1969; Rhodes, Halberstadt, & Brajkovich, 2001; Zajonc, 1968, 2001).”
BackgroundAdditivity of nonconscious affect: Combined effects of priming and exposure.
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“This " mere exposure " effect was initially found for stimuli fully accessible to awareness and has been demonstrated in a variety of contexts using a wide assortment of stimuli , pop - ulations , and procedures ( Bornstein , 1989 ; Harrison , 1977 ) .”
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Boredom as a seeking state: Boredom prompts the pursuit of novel (even negative) experiences.
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Liking and Memory for Musical Stimuli as a Function of Exposure.
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The Warm Glow Heuristic: When Liking Leads to Familiarity.
Monin, B. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.85.6.1035 · Cited by 245
“…of prior experience with mere exposure— one must keep in mind a crucial difference: Whereas explicit recognition or subjective familiarity are not necessary for, and in fact seem to be impediments to, the mere exposure effect (see Bornstein, 1989), they are the output of the warm glow heuristic.”
BackgroundInfluentialBack to the inverted-U for music preference: A review of the literature
Chmiel, A., & Schubert, E. (2017) · Psychology of Music · doi:10.1177/0305735617697507 · Cited by 237
The Aesthetic Aha: On the pleasure of having insights into Gestalt
Muth, C., & Carbon, C. (2013) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2013.05.001 · Cited by 247
“This limiting factor of boredom on the “ mere exposure effect ” is re fl ected by the discovery that complex objects increase the positive effect of exposure to a greater extent than simple ones (for the visual domain Bornstein, 1989; for the tactile domain; Jakesch & Carbon, 2012).”
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Self-citationJudgment and Decision Making: The Dance of Affect and Reason
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Perception and Motivation in Face Recognition
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“To elaborate, making stimuli (including faces) easier to process via repeated exposure reliably results in previously exposed stimuli being evaluated more positively than novel stimuli (e.g., Bornstein, 1989).”
BackgroundBeauty and the beholder: Highly individual taste for abstract, but not real-world images
Vessel, E. A. (2010) · Journal of Vision · doi:10.1167/10.2.18 · Cited by 221
“effect on agreement, although it may change the mean level of preference (either increasing or decreasing it; Berlyne, 1970; Bornstein, 1989; Zajonc, 1968).”
BackgroundPsychology-Based Models of Asset Prices and Trading Volume
Barberis, N. (2018) · Handbook of behavioral economics · doi:10.1016/bs.hesbe.2018.07.001 · Cited by 231
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Behavioral supply management: a taxonomy of judgment and decision‐making biases
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Liking for happy- and sad-sounding music: Effects of exposure
Schellenberg, E. G., Peretz, I., & Vieillard, S. (2008) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699930701350753 · Cited by 233
“The perceptual fluency/attributional model ( Bornstein, 1989, 1992; Bornstein & D’Agostino, 1994) does not account for the robust satiation effects we observed for listeners in the focused condition.”
BackgroundInfluentialWhen Predictions Fail: The Dilemma of Unrealistic Optimism
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Gut Liking for the Ordinary: Incorporating Design Fluency Improves Automobile Sales Forecasts
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“…that prototypical and complex designs (as opposed to simple and prototypical, or complex and unusual designs) will do best in the marketplace (Bornstein 1989, Bornstein and D’Agostino 1994), and that a preference for such 1 For instance, in 2006, Audi introduced a relatively functionless…”
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“the association between repetitive exposure to stimuli and their subsequent deemed likeability (i.e., the mere-exposure effect; Bornstein, 1989; Zajonc, 1968).”
BackgroundPeter, J., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2009) · Journal of Communication · doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2009.01422.x · Cited by 223
“The mere exposure effect suggests that as adolescents become more familiar with SEIM, their liking of SEIM will increase (for a review, see Bornstein, 1989).”
BackgroundA Bayes factor meta-analysis of Bem’s ESP claim
Rouder, J. N., & Morey, R. D. (2011) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-011-0088-7 · Cited by 194
“In the vast majority of conventional mereexposure effect studies, participants prefer previously viewed stimuli (Bornstein, 1989).”
BackgroundNorms of valence and arousal for 14,031 Spanish words
Stadthagen-González, H., Imbault, C., Sánchez, M. Á. P., & Brysbaert, M. (2016) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/s13428-015-0700-2 · Cited by 237
Ease of Retrieval Effects in Persuasion: A Self-Validation Analysis
Tormala, Z. L., Petty, R. E., & Briñol, P. (2002) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/014616702237651 · Cited by 201
“Perceptual fluency suggests that the easier it is to process stimuli, the more favorably those stimuli tend to be evaluated (Bornstein, 1989).”
BackgroundMessage fatigue: Conceptual definition, operationalization, and correlates
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“Relatedly, drawing from two decades of mere exposure research, Bornstein (1989) identified boredom generated by excessive exposure as the primary mechanism for the decline of evaluation that occurs after the apex in the exposure-evaluation relationship has been reached.”
BackgroundInfluentialTam, T., Hewstone, M., Harwood, J., Voci, A., & Kenworthy, J. (2006) · Group Processes & Intergroup Relations · doi:10.1177/1368430206064642 · Cited by 198
“Supporting the environmental association model (Karpinski & Hilton, 2001) and mere exposure effect (Bornstein, 1989)—which state that more positive implicit associations stem from repeated positive exposure to a stimulus object—we found quantity of contact with older people (but not quality) was associated with more p…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialName Letter Preferences Are Not Merely Mere Exposure: Implicit Egotism as Self-Regulation
Jones, J. T., Pelham, B. W., Mirenberg, M. C., & Hetts, J. J. (2002) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1006/jesp.2001.1497 · Cited by 199
Davidson, L., Shahar, G., Stayner, D. A., Chinman, M., Rakfeldt, J., & Tebes, J. K. (2004) · Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1002/jcop.20013 · Cited by 210
Affiliation, Acceptance, and Belonging: The Pursuit of Interpersonal Connection
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Exposure effects in the classroom: The development of affinity among students
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Food choice and intake: the human factor
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“The effects of ‘mere exposure’ have been the subject of considerable research and debate (Zajonc, 1968; Bornstein, 1989; Ye & van Raaij, 1997), including demonstrations with foods and flavours in experimental studies (Birch & Marlin, 1982; Pliner, 1982; Birch et al .”
Jones, C. R., & Eiser, J. R. (2009) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2009.06.015 · Cited by 202
“…become an increasingly common fixture on the horizon, that a familiarity with the technology could result in a greater acceptance of development amongst those who currently find them visually unattractive (consistent with the mere exposure effect, see Zajonc, 1968; see also Bornstein, 1989).”
BackgroundSelective Attention Determines Emotional Responses to Novel Visual Stimuli
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“Although many studies have reported that emotional evaluation of stimuli can be manipulated by repetition (Bornstein, 1989; Zajonc, 2001), nonfigural stimulus properties such as brightness (Reber, Winkielman, & Schwarz, 2000), and prior presentation of other emotionally salient stimuli (Murphy &…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSympathetic Magical Thinking: The Contagion and Similarity “Heuristics”
Rozin, P. N., & Nemeroff, C. J. (2002) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511808098.013 · Cited by 195
Tinio, P. P. L., & Leder, H. (2009) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2009.01.001 · Cited by 201
The “Instrumentality” Heuristic
Labroo, A. A., & Kim, S. (2008) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02264.x · Cited by 193
“Similarly, previously encountered faces, music, words, and advertisements are more likeable than those not previously encountered, presumably because they are easier to process (Bornstein, 1989; Lee & Labroo, 2004; Mandler, Nakamura, & Van Zandt, 1987; Winkielman & Cacioppo, 2001).”
BackgroundLuka, B. J., & Barsalou, L. W. (2005) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1016/j.jml.2005.01.013 · Cited by 197
“Numerous studies show that familiarity due to recent exposure can be misattributed to other sources (Bornstein , 1989).”
BackgroundHow alike is it versus how likely is it: A disjunction fallacy in probability judgments.
Bar‐Hillel, M., & Neter, E. (1993) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.65.6.1119 · Cited by 192
Sahni, N. S. (2014) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1509/jmr.14.0274 · Cited by 194
The Malleable Meaning of Subjective Ease
Briñol, P., Petty, R. E., & Tormala, Z. L. (2006) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01686.x · Cited by 197
“The dominant explanation for this effect is that repeated exposuremakes the stimulus easier to process, and this feeling of ease is either positive itself or confused with a favorable evaluation (Bornstein, 1989; Jacoby, Kelley, Brown, & Jasechko, 1989).”
BackgroundInfluentialSchwarz, N., Jalbert, M. C., Noah, T., & Zhang, L. (2020) · Consumer Psychology Review · doi:10.1002/arcp.1067 · Cited by 209
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“Moreover, the choices made for familiar tastes/flavors were very similar to the choices for pleasant tastes, as would be expected as a result of the well-known association between familiarity and liking (Bornstein, 1989; Maslow, 1937; Monahan, Murphy, & Zajonc, 2000; Suzuki & Gyoba, 2008).”
Dimensions in appreciation of car interior design
Leder, H., & Carbon, C. (2005) · Applied Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1002/acp.1088 · Cited by 194
“An example is the lack of mere-exposure (familiarity-) effects with real artworks (Bornstein, 1989).”
BackgroundBaird, A., & Samson, S. (2015) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2014.11.028 · Cited by 180
Kensinger, E. A., Schacter, D. L., Lewis, M. C., Jones, J., & Barrett, L. F. (2008) · Cited by 179
Zebrowitz, L. A., White, B. M., & Wieneke, K. M. (2008) · Social Cognition · doi:10.1521/soco.2008.26.3.259 · Cited by 194
“These include an uncertainty reduction mechanism (Bornstein, 1989; Lee, 1991), increased perceptual fluency (Reber, Winkielman, & Schwarz, 1998), and reduced negative affect, such as apprehension (Zajonc, 2001), all of which, like FFO, need not be explicit.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluential“Think” Versus “Feel” Framing Effects in Persuasion
Mayer, N. D., & Tormala, Z. L. (2010) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167210362981 · Cited by 179
“…the effect is not unqualified (Briñol, Petty, & Tormala, 2006; Unkelbach, 2006), a number of prior studies have linked processing fluency to favorable judgments or feelings (e.g., Bornstein, 1989; Lee & Labroo, 2004; Reber, Schwarz, & Winkielman, 2004; Schwarz, 2004; Winkielman & Cacioppo, 2001).”
BackgroundZitek, E. M., & Tiedens, L. Z. (2011) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0025345 · Cited by 188
When Can Affective Conditioning and Mere Exposure Directly Influence Brand Choice?
Baker, W. E. (1999) · Journal of Advertising · doi:10.1080/00913367.1999.10673594 · Cited by 183
Persuasion and Attitude Change
Petty, R. E., Wheeler, S. C., & Tormala, Z. L. (2003) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/0471264385.wei0515 · Cited by 178
Halberstadt, J. B., & Rhodes, G. (2000) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00257 · Cited by 180
“Perceivers do indeed judge (previously unseen) category prototypes as familiar (e.g., Franks & Bransford, 1971; Solso & McCarthy, 1981; Solso & Raynis, 1979), and it is well established that people respond positively to the familiar (the mere-exposure effect; Bornstein, 1989; Zajonc, 1968).”
BackgroundResultBack, M. D., Schmukle, S. C., & Egloff, B. (2010) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1002/per.790 · Cited by 185
“People that are dressed in a way that corresponds with one’s own preferences may seem more familiar and predictable, appear to belong to one’s own in-group, and bear resemblance to one’s positive self (e.g. Bornstein, 1989; Diehl, 1990; Pelham, Carvallo, & Jones, 2005).”
BackgroundA review of the déjà vu experience.
Brown, A. S. (2003) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.3.394 · Cited by 181
Reactions of young adult smokers to warning labels on cigarette packages.
O’Hegarty, M., Pederson, L., Nelson, D., Mowery, P., Gable, J., & Wortley, P. (2006) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2006.01.018 · Cited by 197
Watch Out! That Could Be Dangerous: Valence-Arousal Interactions in Evaluative Processing
Robinson, M. D., Storbeck, J., Meier, B. P., & Kirkeby, B. S. (2004) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167204266647 · Cited by 169
“Specifically, there is plenty of evidence, from the mere exposure literature, that people regard novel stimuli, which induce uncertainty and orienting, as negative in connotation (e.g., Bornstein, 1989).”
BackgroundLow-Effort Thought Promotes Political Conservatism
Eidelman, S., Crandall, C. S., Goodman, J. A., & Blanchar, J. C. (2012) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167212439213 · Cited by 190
“Primacy effects are enhanced under time pressure (Kruglanski & Freund, 1983), and the effect of exposure on evaluation is strongest when stimuli are processed outside of awareness (Bornstein, 1989; Bornstein & D’Agostino, 1992).”
BackgroundCognitive fluency: High-level processing dynamics in art appreciation.
Belke, B., Leder, H., Strobach, T., & Carbon, C. (2010) · Psychology of Aesthetics Creativity and the Arts · doi:10.1037/a0019648 · Cited by 170
“This idea is grounded on well-established findings that recognition speed as well as evaluations are influenced by variables such as exposure duration, exposure frequency, and perceptual priming (e.g., Bornstein, 1989; Winkielman et al., 2003).”
BackgroundThe relationships among asymmetry in task dependence, perceived helping behavior, and trust.
de Jong, S. B., van der Vegt, G. S., & Molleman, E. (2007) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.92.6.1625 · Cited by 169
“Greater task interdependence may also lead to a more intense ‘liking’ of other team members simply as a result of the ‘exposure effect’ (e.g., Bornstein, 1989), and tends to increase feelings of responsibility for one another’s job performance (Kiggundu, 1983; Pearce & Gregersen, 1991).”
BackgroundWhen we like what we know – A parametric fMRI analysis of beauty and familiarity
Bohrn, I. C., Altmann, U., Lubrich, O., Menninghaus, W., & Jacobs, A. M. (2012) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2012.10.003 · Cited by 170
“In many cases familiarity and beauty judgments will converge: people tend to like what they know (Bornstein, 1989; Zajonc, 1968) and a feeling of familiarity might be falsely attributed to preferred items (Monin, 2003).”
BackgroundConsumer cynicism: antecedents and consequences
Chylinski, M., & Chu, A. (2010) · European Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1108/03090561011032720 · Cited by 170
Individual Differences in Reasoning: Implications for the Rationality Debate?
Stanovich, K. E., & West, R. F. (2002) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511808098.026 · Cited by 178
Inside the Planning Fallacy: The Causes and Consequences of Optimistic Time Predictions
Buehler, R., Griffin, D., & Ross, M. (2002) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511808098.016 · Cited by 169
Facial asymmetry and attractiveness judgement in developmental perspective.
Kowner, R. (1996) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance · doi:10.1037//0096-1523.22.3.662 · Cited by 172
Resistance of personal risk perceptions to debiasing interventions.
Weinstein, N. D., & Klein, W. M. P. (1995) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037//0278-6133.14.2.132 · Cited by 614
Helpful or Harmful? How Frequent Repetition Affects Perceived Statement Credibility
Koch, T., & Zerback, T. (2013) · Journal of Communication · doi:10.1111/jcom.12063 · Cited by 186
Building and maintaining rapport in investigative interviews
Abbe, A., & Brandon, S. E. (2013) · Police Practice and Research · doi:10.1080/15614263.2013.827835 · Cited by 164
“The more exposure someone has to a person or object, the more positive their evaluation becomes over time, assuming that their initial reaction was either neutral or positive (Bornstein, 1989; Moreland & Zajonc, 1982).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Bornstein, R. F.
- Affiliations
- Gettysburg College (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bornstein, Robert F.
- ORCID
- Bornstein, Robert F.
- Venue
- Psychological Bulletin
- Published
- 1989-09
- Volume
- 106
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 265-289
- ISSN
- 0033-2909 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1455
- OpenAlex
- W2051913671
- Cited by
- 1,970
- References
- 195
- Citations by year
- 2026: 49 · 2025: 50 · 2024: 62 · 2023: 67 · 2022: 73 · 2021: 85 · 2020: 85 · 2019: 95 · 2018: 69 · 2017: 62 · 2016: 95 · 2015: 95 · 2014: 80 · 2013: 100 · 2012: 95
- FWCI
- 2.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Keywords
- exposure, affect, stimulus sensitivity, stimulus complexity, stimulus type, exposure duration, age of exposure, personality, advertising, phobia treatment
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