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Nonsuicidal self-injury as a time-invariant predictor of adolescent suicide ideation and attempts in a diverse community sample

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Guan, Karen, Fox, Kathryn R., Prinstein, Mitchell J.·2012·Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Longitudinal data on adolescent self-injury are rare. Little is known regarding the associations between various forms of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors over time, particularly within community samples that are most relevant for prevention efforts. This study examined nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) as a time-invariant, prospective predictor of adolescent suicide ideation, threats or gestures, and attempts over a 2.5-year interval. METHOD: A diverse (55% female; 51% non-White) adolescent community sample (n = 399) reported depressive symptoms, frequency of NSSI, suicide ideation, threats or gestures, and attempts in 9th grade (i.e., baseline) and at 4 subsequent time points. Generalized estimating equations and logistic regressions were conducted to reveal the associations between baseline NSSI and the likelihood of each suicidal self-injury outcome postbaseline while controlling for depressive symptoms and related indices of suicidal self-injury as competing predictors. RESULTS: Baseline NSSI was significantly, prospectively associated with elevated levels of suicide ideation and suicide attempts, but not threats or gestures. Neither gender nor ethnicity moderated results. CONCLUSIONS: Above and beyond established risk factors such as depressive symptoms and previous suicidality, adolescent NSSI may be an especially important factor to assess when determining risk for later suicidality.

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Authors: Guan, K., Fox, K. R., & Prinstein, M. J.
Affiliations: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
ORCID: Guan, Karen
Fox, Kathryn R.
Prinstein, Mitchell J.
Venue: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2012-10
Volume: 80
Issue: 5
Pages: 842-849
ISSN: 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
1939-2117
DOI: 10.1037/a0029429
PMC: PMC3458144
OpenAlex: W2165290633
Cited by: 362
References: 38
Citations by year: 2026: 20 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 26.43
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (R01-MH85505; R01-HD055342)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health via Writing
Keywords: non-suicidal self-injury, suicide attempts, depressive symptoms, community adolescents, gender differences, ethnic differences, suicide prevention
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Predictive Value of Tests, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Suicide, Attempted, Self-Injurious Behavior, Suicidal Ideation

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Nonsuicidal self-injury as a time-invariant predictor of adolescent suicide ideation and attempts in a diverse community sample

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