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Cited by 390Suicide and Self-Harm StudiesHomicide, Infanticide, and Child AbusePersonality Disorders and Psychopathology

Correlates of suicide attempts among self-injurers: a meta-analysis

Victor, Sarah E., Klonsky, E. David·2014·Clinical Psychology Review
DOI 10.1016/j.cpr.2014.03.005
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Abstract

Suicide attempts (SAs) are common among those who engage in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). It is therefore important to determine which suicide risk factors are most predictive of SA among those who self-injure. Toward this aim, we conducted a systematic review of studies examining predictors of SA history among self-injurers. A total of 52 empirical articles provided data comparing self-injurers with and without SA. From these studies we focused our meta-analysis on the 20 variables that were evaluated with respect to SA history in five or more different samples. The strongest correlate of SA history was suicidal ideation. After suicidal ideation, the strongest predictors of SA history were NSSI frequency, number of NSSI methods, and hopelessness. Additional, moderate predictors of SA history included Borderline Personality Disorder, impulsivity, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, the NSSI method of cutting, and depression. Demographic characteristics, such as gender, ethnicity, and age, were weakly associated with SA history. Notably, some oft-cited risk factors for SA displayed small or negligible associations with SA among self-injurers, including histories of sexual and physical abuse, anxiety, substance use, and eating disorders. Findings have implications for conceptual models of the NSSI-SA relationship and the evaluation of suicide risk among self-injuring populations.

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  • Among adolescents who engaged in non-suicidal self-harm, the strongest correlates of suicide attempts were suicidal ideation, hopelessness, and non-suicidal self-harm characteristics (frequency and number of methods).

    “A meta-analysis of 52 studies (all using retrospective self-report) found that the strongest correlates of suicide attempts among adolescents who engaged in non-suicidal self-harm were suicidal ideation, hopelessness, and non-suicidal self-harm characteristics (frequency and number of methods).20”

    From Predictors of future suicide attempt among adolescents with suicidal thoughts or non-suicidal self-harm: a population-based birth cohort study (2019) · cites this paper as [20]

  • These factors appear to be associated with suicide attempts because they are associated with the development of suicidal thoughts or non-suicidal self-harm, but are not involved in the transition.

    “However, our results are consistent with previous research5, 20 that has suggested that these factors appear to be associated with suicide attempts because they are associated with the development of suicidal thoughts or non-suicidal self-harm, but are not involved in the transition.”

    From Predictors of future suicide attempt among adolescents with suicidal thoughts or non-suicidal self-harm: a population-based birth cohort study (2019) · cites this paper as [20]

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Authors
Victor, S. E., & Klonsky, E. D.
Affiliations
University of British Columbia (CA)
Corresponding author
Victor, Sarah E.
ORCID
Venue
Clinical Psychology Review
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014-06
Volume
34
Issue
4
Pages
282-297
ISSN
0272-7358 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.cpr.2014.03.005
OpenAlex
W2018420818
Semantic Scholar
6c712388fdee278dfbbdadd874cb6b1aa4eeaad8
Cited by
390
References
108
Citations by year
2026: 19 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 5
FWCI
4.51
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Clinical Psychology Review (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
Keywords
suicide attempts, non-suicidal self-injury, suicidal ideation, hopelessness, borderline personality disorder, impulsivity, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, suicide risk factors, cuttings, suicide risk assessment
MeSH terms
Borderline Personality Disorder, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Risk Factors, Suicide, Attempted, Self-Injurious Behavior

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