Cell-cycle checkpoints and cancer

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The Causes of Cancer: Quantitative Estimates of Avoidable Risks of Cancer in the United States Today

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DNA damage activates ATM through intermolecular autophosphorylation and dimer dissociation

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Checkpoints: Controls That Ensure the Order of Cell Cycle Events

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Sensing DNA Damage Through ATRIP Recognition of RPA-ssDNA Complexes

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ATM and related protein kinases: safeguarding genome integrity

Shiloh, Y. (2003) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc1011 · Cited by 2,577

Megabase Chromatin Domains Involved in DNA Double-Strand Breaks in Vivo

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Breast and Ovarian Cancer Risks Due to Inherited Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2

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Cell cycle checkpoint signaling through the ATM and ATR kinases

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Cancer Susceptibility and the Functions of BRCA1 and BRCA2

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The RB and p53 pathways in cancer

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Chk1 is an essential kinase that is regulated by Atr and required for the G 2 /M DNA damage checkpoint

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Regulation of the G2/M transition by p53

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Chk1 and Chk2 kinases in checkpoint control and cancer

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The hMre11/hRad50 Protein Complex and Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome: Linkage of Double-Strand Break Repair to the Cellular DNA Damage Response

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Biallelic Inactivation of BRCA2 in Fanconi Anemia

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Nibrin, a Novel DNA Double-Strand Break Repair Protein, Is Mutated in Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome

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Requirement of the MRN complex for ATM activation by DNA damage

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The DNA Double-Strand Break Repair Gene hMRE11 Is Mutated in Individuals with an Ataxia-Telangiectasia-like Disorder

Stewart, G. S., Maser, R. S., Stankovic, T., Bressan, D. A., Kaplan, M. I., Jaspers, N. G. J., Raams, A., Byrd, P. J., Petrini, J. H. J., & Taylor, A. M. R. (1999) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81547-0 · Cited by 1,060

Histone H2AX phosphorylation is dispensable for the initial recognition of DNA breaks

Celeste, A., Fernandez-Capetillo, O., Kruhlak, M. J., Pilch, D. R., Staudt, D. W., Lee, A., Bonner, R. F., Bonner, W. M., & Nussenzweig, A. (2003) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb1004 · Cited by 989

ATR and ATRIP: Partners in Checkpoint Signaling

Cortez, D., Guntuku, S., Qin, J., & Elledge, S. J. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1065521 · Cited by 985

Heterozygous Germ Line hCHK2 Mutations in Li-Fraumeni Syndrome

Bell, D. W., Varley, J. M., Szydlo, T. E., Kang, D. H., Wahrer, D. C. R., Shannon, K. E., Lubratovich, M. L., Verselis, S. J., Isselbacher, K. J., Fraumeni, J. F., et al. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.286.5449.2528 · Cited by 899

Methylated lysine 79 of histone H3 targets 53BP1 to DNA double-strand breaks

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MDC1 is a mediator of the mammalian DNA damage checkpoint

Stewart, G. S., Wang, B., Bignell, C. R., Taylor, A. M. R., & Elledge, S. J. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01446 · Cited by 874

The MRE11 complex: at the crossroads of DNA repair and checkpoint signalling

D'Amours, D., & Jackson, S. P. (2002) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm805 · Cited by 874

The BRCT Domain Is a Phospho-Protein Binding Domain

Yu, X., Chini, C. C. S., He, M., Mer, G., & Chen, J. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1088753 · Cited by 862

A splicing mutation affecting expression of ataxia–telangiectasia and Rad3–related protein (ATR) results in Seckel syndrome

O'Driscoll, M., Ruiz-Perez, V. L., Woods, C. G., Jeggo, P. A., & Goodship, J. A. (2003) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng1129 · Cited by 794

Toward Maintaining the Genome: DNA Damage and Replication Checkpoints

Nyberg, K. A., Michelson, R. J., Putnam, C. W., & Weinert, T. A. (2002) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev.genet.36.060402.113540 · Cited by 793

The many substrates and functions of ATM.

Kastan, M. B., & Lim, D.-S. (2000) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/35043058 · Cited by 779

Conditional mutation of Brca1 in mammary epithelial cells results in blunted ductal morphogenesis and tumour formation

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Direct Activation of the ATM Protein Kinase by the Mre11/Rad50/Nbs1 Complex

Lee, J.-H., & Paull, T. T. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1091496 · Cited by 762

Checking on DNA damage in S phase

Bartek, J., Lukas, C., & Lukas, J. (2004) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm1493 · Cited by 758

ATM-dependent phosphorylation of Mdm2 on serine 395: role in p53 activation by DNA damage

Maya, R., Balass, M., Kim, S.-T., Shkedy, D., Leal, J.-F. M., Shifman, O., Moas, M., Buschmann, T., Ronai, Z., Shiloh, Y., et al. (2001) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.886901 · Cited by 731

BRCT Repeats As Phosphopeptide-Binding Modules Involved in Protein Targeting

Manke, I. A., Lowery, D. M., Nguyen, A., & Yaffe, M. B. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1088877 · Cited by 651

Essential role of BETA2/NeuroD1 in development of the vestibular and auditory systemsPreprint

Liu, M., Pereira, F. A., Price, S. D., Chu, M.-J., Shope, C. D., Himes, D., Eatock, R. A., Brownell, W. E., Lysakowski, A., & Tsai, M. (2000) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.840500 · Cited by 625

Involvement of the cohesin protein, Smc1, in Atm-dependent and independent responses to DNA damagePreprint

Kim, S., Xu, B., & Kastan, M. B. (2002) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.970602 · Cited by 593

53BP1, a Mediator of the DNA Damage Checkpoint

Wang, B., Matsuoka, S., Carpenter, P. B., & Elledge, S. J. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1076182 · Cited by 578

H2AX Haploinsufficiency Modifies Genomic Stability and Tumor Susceptibility

Celeste, A., Difilippantonio, S., Difilippantonio, M. J., Fernández-Capetillo, Ó., Pilch, D. R., Sedelnikova, O. A., Eckhaus, M., Ried, T., Bonner, W. M., & Nussenzweig, A. (2003) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(03)00567-1 · Cited by 558

Involvement of Brca1 in S-Phase and G 2 -Phase Checkpoints after Ionizing Irradiation

Xu, B., Kim, S., & Kastan, M. B. (2001) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.21.10.3445-3450.2001 · Cited by 550

Phosphorylation of SMC1 is a critical downstream event in the ATM–NBS1–BRCA1 pathwayPreprint

Kitagawa, R., Bakkenist, C. J., McKinnon, P. J., & Kastan, M. B. (2004) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.1200304 · Cited by 535

Initiation of a G2/M checkpoint after ultraviolet radiation requires p38 kinase

Bulavin, D. V., Higashimoto, Y., Popoff, I., Gaarde, W. A., Basrur, V., Potapova, O., Appella, E., & Fornace, A. J. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35075107 · Cited by 531

SMC1 is a downstream effector in the ATM/NBS1 branch of the human S-phase checkpointPreprint

Yazdi, P. T., Wang, Y., Zhao, S., Patel, N., Lee, E. Y.-H. P., & Qin, J. (2002) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.970702 · Cited by 519

Essential and dispensable roles of ATR in cell cycle arrest and genome maintenance

Brown, E. J., & Baltimore, D. (2003) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.1067403 · Cited by 511

MDC1 is required for the intra-S-phase DNA damage checkpoint

Goldberg, M., Stucki, M., Falck, J., D'Amours, D., Rahman, D., Pappin, D., Bartek, J., & Jackson, S. P. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01445 · Cited by 506

Topoisomerase Poisons: Harnessing the Dark Side of Enzyme Mechanism

Froelich-Ammon, S. J., & Osheroff, N. (1995) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.270.37.21429 · Cited by 504

The Mre11 complex is required for ATM activation and the G2/M checkpoint

Carson, C. T., Schwartz, R. A., Stracker, T. H., Lilley, C. E., Lee, D. V., & Weitzman, M. D. (2003) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/cdg630 · Cited by 502

Regulation of ATR substrate selection by Rad17-dependent loading of Rad9 complexes onto chromatinPreprint

Zou, L., Cortez, D., & Elledge, S. J. (2002) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.950302 · Cited by 498

Histone H2AX

Bassing, C. H., Suh, H., Ferguson, D. O., Chua, K. F., Manis, J. P., Eckersdorff, M., Gleason, M., Bronson, R. T., Lee, C., & Alt, F. W. (2003) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(03)00566-x · Cited by 497

Distinct spatiotemporal dynamics of mammalian checkpoint regulators induced by DNA damage.

Lukas, C., Falck, J., Bartkova, J., Bartek, J., & Lukas, J. (2003) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb945 · Cited by 474

Two Molecularly Distinct G2/M Checkpoints Are Induced by Ionizing Irradiation

Xu, B., Kim, S., Lim, D., & Kastan, M. B. (2002) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.22.4.1049-1059.2002 · Cited by 470

Convergence of the Fanconi Anemia and Ataxia Telangiectasia Signaling Pathways

Taniguchi, T., García-Higuera, I., Xu, B., Andreassen, P. R., Gregory, R. C., Kim, S., Lane, W. S., Kastan, M. B., & D’Andrea, A. D. (2002) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(02)00747-x · Cited by 452

Regulating mammalian checkpoints through Cdc25 inactivation

Donzelli, M., & Draetta, G. F. (2003) · EMBO Reports · doi:10.1038/sj.embor.embor887 · Cited by 451

53BP1 functions in an ATM-dependent checkpoint pathway that is constitutively activated in human cancer

DiTullio, R. A., Mochan, T. A., Venere, M., Bártková, J., Sehested, M., Bártek, J., & Halazonetis, T. D. (2002) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb892 · Cited by 412

p53 Binding Protein 53BP1 Is Required for DNA Damage Responses and Tumor Suppression in Mice

Ward, I. M., Minn, K. T., van Deursen, J., & Chen, J. (2003) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.23.7.2556-2563.2003 · Cited by 412

Chk2 Is a Tumor Suppressor That Regulates Apoptosis in both an Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM)-Dependent and an ATM-Independent Manner

Hirao, A., Cheung, A., Duncan, G. S., Girard, P.-M., Elia, A., Wakeham, A. C., Okada, H., Sarkissian, T., Wong, J. A., Sakai, T., et al. (2002) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.22.18.6521-6532.2002 · Cited by 410

Targeting the checkpoint kinases: chemosensitization versus chemoprotection

Zhou, B. S., & Bártek, J. (2004) · Nature reviews. Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc1296 · Cited by 401

Mdc1 couples DNA double‐strand break recognition by Nbs1 with its H2AX‐dependent chromatin retention

Lukas, C., Melander, F., Stucki, M., Falck, J., Bekker‐Jensen, S., Goldberg, M., Lerenthal, Y., Jackson, S. P., Bártek, J., & Lukas, J. (2004) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600269 · Cited by 399

The DNA damage-dependent intra–S phase checkpoint is regulated by parallel pathways

Falck, J., Petrini, J. H. J., Williams, B. R., Lukas, J., & Bartek, J. (2002) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng845 · Cited by 392

ATR and ATM regulate the timing of DNA replication origin firing

Shechter, D., Costanzo, V., & Gautier, J. (2004) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb1145 · Cited by 383

Genetic interactions between tumor suppressors Brca1 and p53 in apoptosis, cell cycle and tumorigenesis

Xu, X., Qiao, W., Linke, S. P., Cao, L., Li, W., Furth, P. A., Harris, C. C., & Deng, C. (2001) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/90108 · Cited by 376

The evolution of diverse biological responses to DNA damage: insights from yeast and p53

Wahl, G. M., & Carr, A. M. (2001) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb1201-e277 · Cited by 376

An ATR- and Cdc7-Dependent DNA Damage Checkpoint that Inhibits Initiation of DNA Replication

Costanzo, V., Shechter, D., Lupardus, P. J., Cimprich, K. A., Gottesman, M. E., & Gautier, J. (2003) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(02)00799-2 · Cited by 355

Centrosome-associated Chk1 prevents premature activation of cyclin-B–Cdk1 kinase

Krämer, A., Mailand, N., Lukas, C., Syljuåsen, R. G., Wilkinson, C. J., Nigg, E. A., Bártek, J., & Lukas, J. (2004) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb1165 · Cited by 347

Checking on the fork: the DNA-replication stress-response pathway

Osborn, A. J., Elledge, S. J., & Zou, L. (2002) · Trends in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/s0962-8924(02)02380-2 · Cited by 347

The cellular response to DNA double-strand breaks: defining the sensors and mediators

Petrini, J. (2003) · Trends in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/s0962-8924(03)00170-3 · Cited by 339

Hypoxia Links ATR and p53 through Replication Arrest

Hammond, E. M., Denko, N. C., Dorie, M. J., Abraham, R. T., & Giaccia, A. J. (2002) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.22.6.1834-1843.2002 · Cited by 330

MDC1 is coupled to activated CHK2 in mammalian DNA damage response pathways

Lou, Z., Minter‐Dykhouse, K., Wu, X., & Chen, J. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01447 · Cited by 328

Chromosome stability, in the absence of apoptosis, is critical for suppression of tumorigenesis in Trp53 mutant mice

Liu, G., Parant, J. M., Lang, G., Chau, P., Chavez-Reyes, A., El-Naggar, A. K., Multani, A., Chang, S., & Lozano, G. (2004) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng1282 · Cited by 325

Regulation of G2/M events by Cdc25A through phosphorylation‐dependent modulation of its stability

Mailand, N., Podtelejnikov, A. V., Groth, A., Mann, M., Bartek, J., & Lukas, J. (2002) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/cdf567 · Cited by 315

ATM: Genome stability, neuronal development, and cancer cross paths

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Interaction of FANCD2 and NBS1 in the DNA damage response

Nakanishi, K., Taniguchi, T., Ranganathan, V., New, H. V., Moreau, L. A., Stotsky, M., Mathew, C. G., Kastan, M. B., Weaver, D. T., & D’Andrea, A. D. (2002) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb879 · Cited by 275

Brca2 (XRCC11) Deficiency Results in Radioresistant DNA Synthesis and a Higher Frequency of Spontaneous Deletions

der Zwet, M. K.-V., Overkamp, W. J., van Lange, R. E. E., Essers, J., van Duijn-Goedhart, A., Wiggers, I., Swaminathan, S., van Buul, P. V., Errami, A., Tan, R., et al. (2002) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.22.2.669-679.2002 · Cited by 267

The Retinoblastoma Protein Pathway in Cell Cycle Control and Cancer

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Chk1 is haploinsufficient for multiple functions critical to tumor suppression

Lam, M. H., Liu, Q., Elledge, S. J., & Rosen, J. M. (2004) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2004.06.015 · Cited by 246

Mitotic Checkpoint Inactivation Fosters Transformation in Cells Lacking the Breast Cancer Susceptibility Gene, Brca2

Lee, H., Trainer, A. H., Friedman, L. S., Thistlethwaite, F. C., Evans, M. J., Ponder, B. A. J., & Venkitaraman, A. R. (1999) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(00)80182-3 · Cited by 234

The DNA crosslink‐induced S‐phase checkpoint depends on ATR–CHK1 and ATR–NBS1–FANCD2 pathways

Pichierri, P., & Rosselli, F. (2004) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600113 · Cited by 228

Claspin, a Chk1-Regulatory Protein, Monitors DNA Replication on Chromatin Independently of RPA, ATR, and Rad17

Lee, J., Kumagai, A., & Dunphy, W. G. (2003) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(03)00045-5 · Cited by 199

Xenopus ATR is a replication-dependent chromatin-binding protein required for the DNA replication checkpoint

Hekmat-Nejad, M., You, Z., Yee, M., Newport, J. W., & Cimprich, K. A. (2000) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/s0960-9822(00)00855-1 · Cited by 193

Checkpoint Failure and Chromosomal Instability without Lymphomagenesis in Mre11ATLD1/ATLD1 Mice

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53BP1, an activator of ATM in response to DNA damage

Mochan, T. A., Venere, M., DiTullio, R. A., & Halazonetis, T. D. (2004) · DNA repair · doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2004.03.017 · Cited by 162

Human Claspin works with BRCA1 to both positively and negatively regulate cell proliferation

Lin, S.-Y., Li, K., Stewart, G. S., & Elledge, S. J. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0401847101 · Cited by 156

Chk1, but not Chk2, inhibits Cdc25 phosphatases by a novel common mechanism.

Uto, K., Inoue, D., Shimuta, K., Nakajo, N., & Sagata, N. (2004) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600328 · Cited by 134

Distinct functional domains of Nbs1 modulate the timing and magnitude of ATM activation after low doses of ionizing radiation

Hořejší, Z., Falck, J., Bakkenist, C. J., Kastan, M. B., Lukas, J., & Bártek, J. (2004) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1207447 · Cited by 127

ATR, Claspin and the Rad9-Rad1-Hus1 Complex Regulate Chk1 and Cdc25A in the Absence of DNA Damage

Sørensen, C. S., Syljuåsen, R. G., Lukas, J., & Bártek, J. (2004) · Cell Cycle · doi:10.4161/cc.3.7.972 · Cited by 117

NFBD1/KIAA0170 Is a Chromatin-associated Protein Involved in DNA Damage Signaling Pathways

Xu, X., & Stern, D. F. (2003) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m211392200 · Cited by 116

ATR functions as a gene dosage‐dependent tumor suppressor on a mismatch repair‐deficient background

Fang, Y., Tsao, C., Goodman, B. K., Furumai, R., Tirado, C. A., Abraham, R. T., & Wang, X.-F. (2004) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600315 · Cited by 115

MDC1/NFBD1: a key regulator of the DNA damage response in higher eukaryotes

Stucki, M., & Jackson, S. P. (2004) · DNA repair · doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2004.03.007 · Cited by 113

Quaternary Structure of ATR and Effects of ATRIP and Replication Protein A on Its DNA Binding and Kinase Activities

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The Fanconi road to cancer: Figure 1.Preprint

D’Andrea, A. D. (2003) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.1128303 · Cited by 99

Chromosome instability induced in vitro with mitomycin C in five Seckel syndrome patients

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Claspin, a regulator of Chk1 in DNA replication stress pathway

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Opening of the Clamp

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NFBD1, a Novel Nuclear Protein with Signature Motifs of FHA and BRCT, and an Internal 41-Amino Acid Repeat Sequence, Is an Early Participant in DNA Damage Response

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Allosteric effects mediate CHK2 phosphorylation of the p53 transactivation domain

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Collaboration of Brca1 and Chk2 in tumorigenesisPreprint

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Large Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleic Acid Has Three Times as Many 5′ Caps as Polyadenylic Acid Segments, and Most Caps Do Not Enter Polyribosomes

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Checkpoint Mediators: Relaying Signals from DNA Strand Breaks

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