The DOI matches its Crossref record; 102 of the 102 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Hypothalamic regulation of sleep and circadian rhythms
Abstract
A series of findings over the past decade has begun to identify the brain circuitry and neurotransmitters that regulate our daily cycles of sleep and wakefulness. The latter depends on a network of cell groups that activate the thalamus and the cerebral cortex. A key switch in the hypothalamus shuts off this arousal system during sleep. Other hypothalamic neurons stabilize the switch, and their absence results in inappropriate switching of behavioural states, such as occurs in narcolepsy. These findings explain how various drugs affect sleep and wakefulness, and provide the basis for a wide range of environmental influences to shape wake-sleep cycles into the optimal pattern for survival.
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“Several neurotransmitters are involved with the sleep-wake cycle including 5–hydroxytryptophan (5-HT), GABA, orexin, melanin concentrating hormone, cholinergic, galanin, noradrenaline and histamine [7].”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [7]
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Rattenborg, N. C., Lesku, J. A., Martı́nez-González, D., & Lima, S. L. (2007) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2007.04.003 · Cited by 34
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Ullah, R., Shen, Y., Zhou, Y.-D., Huang, K., Fu, J.-F., Wahab, F., & Shahab, M. (2016) · Neuropeptides · doi:10.1016/j.npep.2016.05.004 · Cited by 30
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Fifel, K., Piggins, H., & Deboer, T. (2016) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2015.02.005 · Cited by 30
Chee, M. W. (2015) · Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2014.10.003 · Cited by 27
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Sleep Disorders in dogs: A Pathophysiological and Clinical Review
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Schwarz, J., & Bringmann, H. (2017) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.24846 · Cited by 10
“onset and actively induce sleep through inhibitory transmitters (Saper et al., 2005).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Saper, C. B., Scammell, T. E., & Lu, J.
- Affiliations
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Saper, Clifford B.
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2005-10-26
- Volume
- 437
- Issue
- 7063
- Pages
- 1257-1263
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2002293846
- Cited by
- 2,804
- References
- 102
- Citations by year
- 2026: 101 · 2025: 121 · 2024: 162 · 2023: 136 · 2022: 134 · 2021: 161 · 2020: 119 · 2019: 166 · 2018: 145 · 2017: 132 · 2016: 151 · 2015: 122 · 2014: 122 · 2013: 151 · 2012: 144
- FWCI
- 8.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Public Health Service
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Keywords
- hypothalamus, sleep regulation, circadian rhythm, wakefulness, sleep-wake cycle, arousal system, thalamus, cerebral cortex, narcolepsy, neurotransmitters, sleep-promoting neurons, sleep medication
- MeSH terms
- Orexins, Animals, Arousal, Circadian Rhythm, Humans, Hypothalamus, Neuropeptides, Sleep, Wakefulness, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
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