Cell type–specific genetic and optogenetic tools reveal hippocampal CA2 circuits
Open accessAbstract
The formation and recall of episodic memory requires precise information processing by the entorhinal-hippocampal network. For several decades, the trisynaptic circuit entorhinal cortex layer II (ECII)→dentate gyrus→CA3→CA1 and the monosynaptic circuit ECIII→CA1 have been considered the primary substrates of the network responsible for learning and memory. Circuits linked to another hippocampal region, CA2, have only recently come to light. Using highly cell type-specific transgenic mouse lines, optogenetics and patch-clamp recordings, we found that dentate gyrus cells, long believed to not project to CA2, send functional monosynaptic inputs to CA2 pyramidal cells through abundant longitudinal projections. CA2 innervated CA1 to complete an alternate trisynaptic circuit, but, unlike CA3, projected preferentially to the deep, rather than to the superficial, sublayer of CA1. Furthermore, contrary to existing knowledge, ECIII did not project to CA2. Our results allow a deeper understanding of the biology of learning and memory.
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The large EPSPs previously evoked in CA2 pyramidal neurons by focal stimulation in CA1 stratum lacunosum may result from activation of entorhinal cortex layer II fibers that course through or near stratum lacunosum, rather than layer III axons.
“Our present results, combined with recent results13,14 suggest that these synaptic responses recorded in CA2 PNs may result from activation of LII fibers that course through or near SLM in CA1.”
From The hippocampal CA2 region is essential for social memory (2014) · cites this paper as [14]
The anatomical results generally support previous findings on CA2 connectivity.
“These anatomical results generally support previous13,14 findings.”
From The hippocampal CA2 region is essential for social memory (2014) · cites this paper as [14]
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- Authors
- Kohara, K., Pignatelli, M., Rivest, A. J., Jung, H.-Y., Kitamura, T., Suh, J., Frank, D., Kajikawa, K., Mise, N., Obata, Y., Wickersham, I. R., & Tonegawa, S.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Jichi Medical University (JP)
- RIKEN BioResource Research Center (JP)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kohara, Keigo
- Tonegawa, Susumu
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Neuroscience
- Published
- 2013-12-15
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 269-279
- ISSN
- 1097-6256 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-1726
- PMC
- PMC4004172
- OpenAlex
- W2098371930
- Cited by
- 528
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 33 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 55 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 41 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 60 · 2017: 55 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 20
- FWCI
- 15.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- National Institute of Mental Health (P50-MH58880, P50MH058880, R01MH078821)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Keywords
- hippocampal CA2, dentate gyrus, trisynaptic circuit, episodic memory, hippocampal circuitry
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Luminescent Proteins, Membrane Potentials, Membrane Proteins, Mice, Transgenic, Nerve Fibers, Nerve Net, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Neural Pathways, Neurons, Photic Stimulation, Patch-Clamp Techniques, Entorhinal Cortex, RGS Proteins, Mice, CA2 Region, Hippocampal, Optogenetics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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