CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 385Axon Guidance and Neuronal SignalingProtein Kinase Regulation and GTPase SignalingNeurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms

The sequential activity of the GTPases Rap1B and Cdc42 determines neuronal polarity.

Schwamborn, Jens C, Püschel, Andreas W·2004·Nature Neuroscience
DOI 10.1038/nn1295
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The establishment of a polarized morphology is an essential step in the differentiation of neurons with a single axon and multiple dendrites. In cultured rat hippocampal neurons, one of several initially indistinguishable neurites is selected to become the axon. Both phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate and the evolutionarily conserved Par complex (comprising Par3, Par6 and an atypical PKC (aPKC) such as PKClambda or PKCzeta) are involved in axon specification. However, the initial signals that establish cellular asymmetry and the pathways that subsequently translate it into structural changes remain to be elucidated. Here we show that localization of the GTPase Rap1B to the tip of a single neurite is a decisive step in determining which neurite becomes the axon. Using GTPase mutants and RNA interference, we found that Rap1B is necessary and sufficient to initiate the development of axons upstream of Cdc42 and the Par complex.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/nn1295

Cites

38 of 38 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • The function of Par3 depends on its specific subcellular localization; it is present in all neurites at stage 2 but becomes restricted to the axon at stage 3.

    “The function of Par3 depends on its specific subcellular localization; it is present in all neurites at stage 2 but becomes restricted to the axon at stage 3 (Schwamborn and Püschel, 2004; Shi et al., 2003).”

    From Rassf5 and Ndr kinases act in a novel pathway regulating neuronal polarity through Par3 phosphorylation (2014) · cites this paper as Schwamborn and Püschel, 2004

  • One key pathway depends on the sequential activity of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and the GTPases Rap1 and Cdc42 that act through the Par polarity complex.

    “One key pathway depends on the sequential activity of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and the GTPases Rap1 and Cdc42 that act through the Par polarity complex (Garvalov et al., 2007; Schwamborn and Püschel, 2004).”

    From Rassf5 and Ndr kinases act in a novel pathway regulating neuronal polarity through Par3 phosphorylation (2014) · cites this paper as Schwamborn and Püschel, 2004

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 39 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Schwamborn, J. C., & Püschel, A. W.
Affiliations
University of Münster (DE)
Corresponding author
Püschel, Andreas W
ORCID
Venue
Nature Neuroscience
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2004-08-01
Volume
7
Issue
9
Pages
923-929
ISSN
  • 1097-6256 (ISSN-L)
  • 1546-1726
DOI
10.1038/nn1295
OpenAlex
W2059346427
Cited by
385
References
39
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 28
FWCI
11.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations
  • Nature Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
Keywords
Rap1b, Cdc42, neuronal polarity, axon specification, GTPase, Par complex, phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, atypical PKC, hippocampal neurons, neuronal differentiation
MeSH terms
Animals, Animals, Newborn, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Axons, Carrier Proteins, Cells, Cultured, Dendrites, Embryo, Mammalian, Hippocampus, Immunohistochemistry, Luminescent Proteins, Microtubule-Associated Proteins, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Neurons, Phalloidine, Protein Kinase C, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, RNA, Messenger, Time Factors, Transfection, Cytochalasin D, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Gene Transfer Techniques, Body Patterning, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, GTP Phosphohydrolases, rap GTP-Binding Proteins, rhoA GTP-Binding Protein, cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein, RNA Interference, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, Mice, Rats

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review