Ventral Striatal Dopamine Release in Response to Smoking a Regular vs a Denicotinized Cigarette
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Prior studies have demonstrated that both nicotine administration and cigarette smoking lead to dopamine (DA) release in the ventral striatum/nucleus accumbens. In tobacco-dependent individuals, smoking denicotinized cigarettes leads to reduced craving, but less pleasure, than smoking regular cigarettes. Using denicotinized cigarettes and (11)C-raclopride positron emission tomography (PET) scanning, we sought to determine if nicotine is necessary for smoking-induced DA release. Sixty-two tobacco-dependent smokers underwent (11)C-raclopride PET scanning, during which they smoked either a regular or denicotinized cigarette (double-blind). Change in (11)C-raclopride binding potential (BP) in the ventral striatum from before to after smoking was determined as an indirect measure of DA release. Cigarette craving, anxiety, and mood were monitored during scanning. Smoking a regular cigarette resulted in a significantly greater mean reduction in ventral striatal (11)C-raclopride BP than smoking a denicotinized cigarette. Although both groups had reductions in craving and anxiety with smoking, the regular cigarette group had a greater improvement in mood. For the total group, change in BP correlated inversely with change in mood, indicating that greater smoking-induced DA release was associated with more smoking-related mood improvement. Thus, nicotine delivered through cigarette smoking appears to be important for ventral striatal DA release. Study findings also suggest that mood improvement from smoking is specifically related to ventral striatal DA release.
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In humans, PET studies have shown that several drugs, including stimulants, nicotine, alcohol, and marijuana, increase DA in dorsal and ventral striatum.
“In humans, PET studies have shown that several drugs [stimulants (Drevets et al 2001;Volkow et al 1999b), nicotine (Brody et al 2009), alcohol (Boileau et al 2003), and marijuana (Bossong et al 2009)] increase DA in dorsal and ventral striatum (where the NAc is located).”
From Food and Drug Reward: Overlapping Circuits in Human Obesity and Addiction (2011) · cites this paper as Brody et al 2009
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Wills, L., & Kenny, P. J. (2021) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.15356 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
- Authors
- Brody, A. L., Mandelkern, M. A., Olmstead, R. E., Allen-Martinez, Z., Scheibal, D., Abrams, A. L., Costello, M. R., Farahi, J., Saxena, S., Monterosso, J., & London, E. D.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- VA West Los Angeles Medical Center (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- Brody, Arthur L
- Venue
- Neuropsychopharmacology
- Published
- 2008-06-18
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 282-289
- ISSN
- 0893-133X (ISSN-L)
- 1740-634X
- PMC
- PMC2777990
- OpenAlex
- W1964300194
- Cited by
- 183
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 49 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 8.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program
- National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression
- Office of National Drug Control Policy
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH069433)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA020872, R01DA015059)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Keywords
- nicotine, dopamine release, ventral striatum, nucleus accumbens, smoking, tobacco dependence, craving, mood, anxiety, dopamine receptor binding
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Affect, Aged, Anxiety, Basal Ganglia, Brain Mapping, Dopamine, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nicotine, Smoking, Smoking Cessation, Dopamine Antagonists, Nicotinic Agonists, Raclopride, Positron-Emission Tomography, Young Adult
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