Baseline-dependent effects of cocaine pre-exposure on impulsivity and D2/3 receptor availability in the rat striatum: possible relevance to the attention-deficit hyperactivity syndrome
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We have previously shown that impulsivity in rats predicts the emergence of compulsive cocaine seeking and taking, and is coupled to decreased D2/3 receptor availability in the ventral striatum. As withdrawal from cocaine normalises high impulsivity in rats, we investigated, using positron emission tomography (PET), the effects of response-contingent cocaine administration on D2/3 receptor availability in the striatum. Rats were screened for impulsive behavior on the five-choice serial reaction time task. After a baseline PET scan with the D2/3 ligand [(18)F]fallypride, rats were trained to self-administer cocaine for 15 days under a long-access schedule. As a follow-up, rats were assessed for impulsivity and underwent a second [(18)F]fallypride PET scan. At baseline, we found that D2/3 receptor availability was significantly lower in the left, but not right, ventral striatum of high-impulsive rats compared with low-impulsive rats. While the number of self-administered cocaine infusions was not different between the two impulsivity groups, impulsivity selectively decreased in high-impulsive rats withdrawn from cocaine. This effect was accompanied by a significant increase in D2/3 receptor availability in the left, but not right, ventral striatum. We further report that D2/3 receptor availability was inversely related to baseline D2/3 receptor availability in the ventral striatum of high-impulsive rats, as well as to the left and right dorsal striatum of both low-impulsive and high-impulsive rats. These findings indicate that the reduction in impulsivity in high-impulsive rats by prior cocaine exposure may be mediated by a selective correction of deficient D2/3 receptor availability in the ventral striatum. A similar baseline-dependent mechanism may account for the therapeutic effects of stimulant drugs in clinical disorders such as ADHD.
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Although drug exposure could reduce some forms of impulsivity, animal studies aimed at identifying vulnerability factors consistently reveal that impulsivity itself may influence the development of drug dependence.
“Although there are evidence that drug exposure could reduce some forms of impulsivity (Caprioli et al., 2013), animal studies aimed at identifying vulnerability factors for the development of addiction consistently reveal that impulsivity itself may influence the development of drug dependence.”
From Imaging addiction: D2 receptors and dopamine signaling in the striatum as biomarkers for impulsivity (2014) · cites this paper as Caprioli et al., 2013
D2 receptor availability is reduced in the nucleus accumbens of impulsive rats.
“Using PET and autoradiography, previous studies have shown that D2 receptor availability is reduced in the nucleus accumbens of impulsive rats (Dalley et al., 2007; Jupp et al., 2013; Caprioli et al., 2013).”
From Imaging addiction: D2 receptors and dopamine signaling in the striatum as biomarkers for impulsivity (2014) · cites this paper as Caprioli et al., 2013
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- Authors
- Caprioli, D., Hong, Y. T., Sawiak, S. J., Ferrari, V., Williamson, D. J., Jupp, B., Adrian Carpenter, T., Aigbirhio, F. I., Everitt, B. J., Robbins, T. W., Fryer, T. D., & Dalley, J. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Dalley, Jeffrey W
- ORCID
- Venue
- Neuropsychopharmacology
- Published
- 2013-02-11
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1460-1471
- ISSN
- 0893-133X (ISSN-L)
- 1740-634X
- PMC
- PMC3682140
- OpenAlex
- W2088088838
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 7
- FWCI
- 3.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- www.springer.com/tdm (unspecified)
- Locations
- Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- University of Cambridge
- Medical Research Council (G1000018, G0701500, G9536855)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Keywords
- cocaine self-administration, impulsivity, ventral striatum, dorsal striatum, cocaine withdrawal, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, stimulant medication, 5-choice serial reaction time task
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Basal Ganglia, Cocaine, Impulsive Behavior, Male, Protein Binding, Reaction Time, Self Administration, Receptors, Dopamine D2, Receptors, Dopamine D3, Rats
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