Cited by 1,786PARP inhibition in cancer therapyDNA Repair MechanismsGenetic factors in colorectal cancer

The multifaceted roles of PARP1 in DNA repair and chromatin remodelling

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Ray Chaudhuri, Arnab, Nussenzweig, André·2017·Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology

Abstract

Cells are exposed to various endogenous and exogenous insults that induce DNA damage, which, if unrepaired, impairs genome integrity and leads to the development of various diseases, including cancer. Recent evidence has implicated poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) in various DNA repair pathways and in the maintenance of genomic stability. The inhibition of PARP1 is therefore being exploited clinically for the treatment of various cancers, which include DNA repair-deficient ovarian, breast and prostate cancers. Understanding the role of PARP1 in maintaining genome integrity is not only important for the design of novel chemotherapeutic agents, but is also crucial for gaining insights into the mechanisms of chemoresistance in cancer cells. In this Review, we discuss the roles of PARP1 in mediating various aspects of DNA metabolism, such as single-strand break repair, nucleotide excision repair, double-strand break repair and the stabilization of replication forks, and in modulating chromatin structure.

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Crossref · 10.1038/nrm.2017.53

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  • Upon PARP inhibition, DNA damage accumulates in cells, initiating cell cycle arrest and ultimately apoptosis if the damage remains unrepaired.

    “Upon PARP inhibition, DNA damage accumulates in cells initiating a cell cycle arrest and, ultimately apoptosis, if the damage remains unrepaired (Ray Chaudhuri and Nussenzweig, 2017).”

    From Network integration of thermal proteome profiling with multi-omics data decodes PARP inhibition (2024) · cites this paper as Ray Chaudhuri and Nussenzweig, 2017

    The section on PARP1 in homologous recombination (page unavailable) says PARP inhibition can increase DNA breaks that are particularly cytotoxic in BRCA1- or BRCA2-deficient cells. The review does not describe the claimed sequence of cell-cycle arrest followed by apoptosis if damage remains unrepaired, and it qualifies the cytotoxic effect by DNA-repair deficiency. (LLM, conf=0.87)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • DNA damage checkpoint and cell cycle arrest are well-known to happen in response to PARP inhibition.

    “These processes are well-known to happen in response to PARP inhibition and depict the biggest part of the network (Ray Chaudhuri and Nussenzweig, 2017; Masutani et al, 1995).”

    From Network integration of thermal proteome profiling with multi-omics data decodes PARP inhibition (2024) · cites this paper as Ray Chaudhuri and Nussenzweig, 2017

    In “PARP1 as a sensor of DNA double-strand breaks” (page unavailable), the review says PARP1 inhibition delays activation of DNA-damage-response proteins; “Replication fork processing” also describes DNA damage that can follow inhibition. These passages support a connection to the DNA damage response, but they do not establish that PARP inhibition causes cell-cycle arrest or specifically activates a DNA-damage checkpoint. (LLM, conf=0.83)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • PARP1 is critical for stabilizing DNA repair forks, and its catalytic activity is necessary for multiple DNA repair pathways including repair of single-strand breaks, bulky lesions, and double-strand breaks.

    “PARP1 is critical in the stabilization of DNA repair forks, with its catalytic activity necessary for multiple DNA repair pathways, such as the repair of single-strand breaks, bulky lesions, and double-strand breaks (DSBs) (Ray Chaudhuri and Nussenzweig, 2017).”

    From NAD+ in Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders (2019) · cites this paper as Ray Chaudhuri and Nussenzweig, 2017

  • On activation, PARP1 PARylates itself along with histones and other proteins that act as a scaffold to recruit and activate other DNA repair enzymes and proteins to the lesion site.

    “On activation, PARP1 PARylates itself along with histones and other proteins that act as a scaffold to recruit and activate other DNA repair enzymes and proteins to the lesion site to initiate DNA repair30.”
  • Repairing nuclear DNA requires substantial energy, and unrepaired DNA damage can cause mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic deficits.

    “Nuclear DNA repair is energy-demanding80, and persistent DNA damage can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic deficits76.”

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Authors
Ray Chaudhuri, A., & Nussenzweig, A.
Affiliations
National Institutes of Health (US)
Corresponding author
Nussenzweig, André
Venue
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology
Published
2017-07-05
Volume
18
Issue
10
Pages
610-621
ISSN
  • 1471-0072 (ISSN-L)
  • 1471-0080
OpenAlex
W2732346161
Cited by
1,786
References
172
Citations by year
2026: 208 · 2025: 281 · 2024: 245 · 2023: 213 · 2022: 265 · 2021: 240 · 2020: 169 · 2019: 95 · 2018: 57 · 2017: 13
FWCI
9.62
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Cancer Institute (ZIABC010283, ZIABC010959)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › PARP inhibition in cancer therapy
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
Keywords
PARP1, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, DNA repair, chromatin remodeling, genome stability, single-strand break repair, nucleotide excision repair, DNA double-strand break repair, replication fork stabilization, PARP inhibitors, PARP inhibitor resistance, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer
MeSH terms
Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1, Animals, DNA Damage, DNA Repair, DNA Replication, Humans, Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly

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