Cited by 2,397DNA Repair MechanismsCancer Genomics and DiagnosticsCancer-related Molecular Pathways

Genomic instability — an evolving hallmark of cancer

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Negrini, Simona, Gorgoulis, Vassilis G., Halazonetis, Thanos D.·2010·Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology

Abstract

Genomic instability is a characteristic of most cancers. In hereditary cancers, genomic instability results from mutations in DNA repair genes and drives cancer development, as predicted by the mutator hypothesis. In sporadic (non-hereditary) cancers the molecular basis of genomic instability remains unclear, but recent high-throughput sequencing studies suggest that mutations in DNA repair genes are infrequent before therapy, arguing against the mutator hypothesis for these cancers. Instead, the mutation patterns of the tumour suppressor TP53 (which encodes p53), ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A; which encodes p16INK4A and p14ARF) support the oncogene-induced DNA replication stress model, which attributes genomic instability and TP53 and ATM mutations to oncogene-induced DNA damage.

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Crossref · 10.1038/nrm2858

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  • Genome instability is a hallmark of cancer and a known contributor to tumorigenesis.

    “Genome instability is a hallmark of cancer and is a known contributor to tumorigenesis.14,15”
  • A reduction in ATM and p53 function results in decreased DNA repair, reduced apoptosis, and an increase in CIN and tumorigenesis.

    “A reduction in ATM and p53 function results in decreased DNA repair, reduced apoptosis, and an increase in CIN and tumorigenesis (Negrini et al., 2010).”
  • Due to the instability of the genome of cancer cells, they have evolved many mechanisms to escape CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing, such as mutation of the PAM sequence and the recognition site.

    “Additionally, due to the instability of the genome of cancer cells, they have evolved many mechanisms to escape CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing, such as mutation of the PAM sequence and the recognition site etc. [120–122].”

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Authors
Negrini, S., Gorgoulis, V. G., & Halazonetis, T. D.
Affiliations
University of Geneva (CH)
Corresponding author
Halazonetis, Thanos D.
Venue
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology
Published
2010-03
Volume
11
Issue
3
Pages
220-228
ISSN
  • 1471-0072 (ISSN-L)
  • 1471-0080
OpenAlex
W1538419182
Cited by
2,397
References
63
Citations by year
2026: 120 · 2025: 161 · 2024: 161 · 2023: 199 · 2022: 190 · 2021: 214 · 2020: 148 · 2019: 131 · 2018: 127 · 2017: 140 · 2016: 129 · 2015: 145 · 2014: 127 · 2013: 122 · 2012: 120
FWCI
11.26
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • Foundation for the National Institutes of Health
  • Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
  • H2020 European Research Council
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
Keywords
genomic instability, DNA repair genes, hereditary cancer, sporadic cancer, TP53, ATM, CDKN2A, p16INK4a, p14ARF
MeSH terms
Animals, DNA Damage, DNA-Binding Proteins, Humans, Models, Biological, Mutation, Neoplasms, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Cell Cycle Proteins, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Genomic Instability, Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins

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