DSM-5 and RDoC: progress in psychiatry research?
Open accessAbstract
Neuroscience studies into psychiatric disorders generally rely on disease definitions that are based on the influential Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), the fifth edition of which (DSM-5) was released earlier this year. Designed as a purely diagnostic tool, the DSM considers different disorders as distinct entities. However, boundaries between disorders are often not as strict as the DSM suggests. To provide an alternative framework for research into psychiatric disorders, the US National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) has recently introduced its Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) project. In the RDoC, five 'domains' each reflect a brain system in which functioning is impaired, to different degrees, in different psychiatric conditions. Nature Reviews Neuroscience asked six leading investigators for their thoughts on how DSM-5 and the RDoC will influence neuroscience research into psychiatric disorders.
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Most phenotypes in neurobiological studies are based on clinical and behavioural symptomatology rather than biological mechanism or aetiology.
“most phenotypes are based on clinical and behavioural symptomatology rather than on biological mechanism or aetiology22–24.”
From Systems biology and gene networks in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders (2015) · cites this paper as [22]
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Kiiski, H. S. M., Rueda‐Delgado, L. M., Bennett, M., Knight, R., Rai, L. A., Roddy, D. W., Grogan, K., Bramham, J., Kelly, C. A. M., & Whelan, R. (2019) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2019.08.010 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
LUPIEN, S. J., Sasseville, M., François, N., Giguère, C., Boissonneault, J., Plusquellec, P., Godbout, R., Xiong, L., Potvin, S., Kouassi, É., et al. (2017) · Stress · doi:10.1080/10253890.2017.1286324 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
“the diagnostic criteria as determined by DSM categories, is not the best phenotype to use in order to determine the biological signature of mental illness (Casey et al., 2013; Cuthbert & Insel, 2010; Insel et al., 2010).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialKalueff, A. V., Stewart, A., Song, C., & Gottesman, I. I. (2015) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.03.007 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Mandell, D. S., & Lecavalier, L. (2014) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361314538131 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
“Social impairments and repetitive behaviors are present in many other childhood psychiatric disorders and developmental disabilities (Casey et al., 2013).”
BackgroundMancke, F., Herpertz, S. C., Kleindienst, N., & Bertsch, K. (2016) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi_2016_30_247 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
“Following recent conceptualizations of psychopathology, according to which mental disorders may be classified on the basis of behavioral dimensions and neurobiological measures (Casey et al., 2013), the findings of the present study underline the question of whether emotion dysregulation and trait anger share some und…”
BackgroundHauser, T. U., Moutoussis, M., Dayan, P., & Dolan, R. J. (2017) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-017-0040-3 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Magaraggia, I., Kuiperes, Z., & Schreiber, R. (2021) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2021.107467 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
“Each domain reflects a dysfunctional brain system and they together should be able to better explain the vast and complex symptomatologies and comorbidities of DSM-5 conditions, including MDD (Casey et al., 2013).”
BackgroundReed, D. D., Naudé, G. P., Gelino, B. W., & Amlung, M. T. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.011 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Hinton, D. E., Barlow, D. H., Reis, R., & de Jong, J. T. V. M. (2016) · Culture Medicine and Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s11013-016-9489-4 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
“Second, as in the Research Domain Criteria, or RDoC (Casey et al. 2013), the model allows the presence of multiple simultaneously occurring, and interacting, processes of psychopathology (e.g., worry, panic attack, depression, fear, trauma recall).5 Third, as in network theories of psychopathology, episodes of distres…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialThe Prevention and Treatment of Gambling Disorders: Some Art, Some Science
Derevensky, J. L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.024 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Can neuroimaging disentangle bipolar disorder?
Hozer, F., & Houenou, J. (2016) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.01.039 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
“This phenomenon leads to the formation of heterogeneous groups of patients (Casey et al., 2013).”
BackgroundTranslational Models of Gambling-Related Decision-Making
Winstanley, C. A., & Clark, L. (2015) · Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2015_5014 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Dudek, E. M., & Dodell‐Feder, D. (2020) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.12.020 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Wallace, M. L., Buysse, D. J., Germain, A., Hall, M. H., & Iyengar, S. (2017) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.2017.1330202 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
“This finding lends credence to the NIMH’s call for clarifying the boundaries of existing diagnoses by integrating data from multiple data sources (Insel et al. 2010; Casey et al. 2013; Cuthbert and Insel 2013).”
BackgroundResultConsidering the Overlap and Nonoverlap of Compulsivity, Impulsivity, and Addiction
Blum, A. W., & Grant, J. E. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.038 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Neurobiological Foundations of Behavioral Addictions
Vaccaro, A. G., & Potenza, M. N. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.016 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Neurobiology of Substance Addictions
Christie, N. C., & Bechara, A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.015 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Sensitization of Incentive Salience and the Transition to Addiction
Warlow, S. M., Baumgartner, H. M., Freeland, C. M., Naffziger, E. E., Olney, J. J., Berridge, K. C., & Robinson, M. J. F. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.006 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Animal models of recurrent or bipolar depression
Kato, T., Kasahara, T., Kubota‐Sakashita, M., Kato, T., & Nakajima, K. (2015) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.08.016 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
“Recently, the National Institute of Mental Health of the United States has started to use Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) instead of DSM-5 criteria for research purposes (Casey et al., 2013).”
Metabolomics in patients with psychosis: A systematic review
Li, C., Wang, A., Wang, C., Ramamurthy, J., Zhang, E. R., Guadagno, E., & Trakadis, Y. J. (2018) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.32662 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Mindfulness-Based Interventions Applied to Addiction Treatments
Kechter, A., & Black, D. S. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.040 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Multiple Memory Systems, Addiction, and Health Habits: New Routes for Translational Science
Stacy, A. W., Pike, J. R., & Lee, A. Y. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.017 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Tanning as an Addiction: The State of the Research and Implications for Intervention
Miller, K. A., & Mays, D. M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.037 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Schulte, E. M., Schiestl, E. T., & Gearhardt, A. N. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.035 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Lin, A., Vajdi, A., Kushan, L., Hellemann, G., Pacheco-Hansen, L., Jonas, R. K., Jalbrzikowski, M., Kingsbury, L., Raznahan, A., & Bearden, C. E. (2020) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.12.028 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
“Further, variation in specific symptoms and dimensional traits may more precisely represent underlying biological variation than does diagnostic category (1, 2).”
BackgroundBehavioral Economics and Addictive Disorders
Jarmolowicz, D. P., & Schneider, T. D. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.005 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Prevention and Treatment of Compulsive Buying Disorder
Galimov, A., & Black, D. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.027 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Blum, K., Roy, A. K., Podesta, A., Modestino, E. J., Steinberg, B., Gondré-Lewis, M. C., Baron, D. A., Thanos, P. K., Lott, L., Badgaiyan, S., et al. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.031 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
- Authors
- Casey, B. J., Craddock, N., Cuthbert, B. N., Hyman, S. E., Lee, F. S., & Ressler, K. J.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- Cardiff University (GB)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Broad Institute (US)
- Weill Cornell Medicine (US)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Casey, B. J.
- Craddock, Nick
- Cuthbert, Bruce N.
- Hyman, Steven E.
- Lee, Francis S.
- Ressler, Kerry J.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Neuroscience
- Published
- 2013-10-18
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 810-814
- ISSN
- 1471-003X (ISSN-L)
- 1471-0048
- PMC
- PMC4372467
- OpenAlex
- W1997159235
- Cited by
- 434
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 75 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 41 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 236.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature reviews. Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (P50MH079513)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS052819)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Keywords
- DSM-5, Research Domain Criteria, psychiatric classification, dimensional psychiatry, diagnostic criteria, psychiatric neuroscience, mental illness, National Institute of Mental Health
- MeSH terms
- Mental Disorders, Brain, Humans, National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.), Neuropsychological Tests, Psychiatry, United States, Biomedical Research, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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