Colorectal liver metastasis: molecular mechanism and interventional therapy

Zhou, Hui; Liu, Zhongtao; Wang, Yongxiang; Wen, Xiaoyong; Amador, Eric H.; Yuan, Liqin; Ran, Xin; Xiong, Li; Ran, Yuping; Chen, Wei; Wen, Yu

doi:10.1038/s41392-022-00922-2

Cited by 299Colorectal Cancer Treatments and StudiesCancer Cells and MetastasisHepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis

Colorectal liver metastasis: molecular mechanism and interventional therapy

Open access

Zhou, Hui, Liu, Zhongtao, Wang, Yongxiang, Wen, Xiaoyong, Amador, Eric H., Yuan, Liqin, Ran, Xin, Xiong, Li +3 more·2022·Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy

DOI 10.1038/s41392-022-00922-2PMC PMC8897452

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Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequently occurring malignancy tumors with a high morbidity additionally, CRC patients may develop liver metastasis, which is the major cause of death. Despite significant advances in diagnostic and therapeutic techniques, the survival rate of colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) patients remains very low. CRLM, as a complex cascade reaction process involving multiple factors and procedures, has complex and diverse molecular mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms/pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment of CRLM. We also focus on an overview of the recent advances in understanding the molecular basis of CRLM with a special emphasis on tumor microenvironment and promise of newer targeted therapies for CRLM, further improving the prognosis of CRLM patients.

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Only 45% of colorectal cancer liver metastases can be resected with current methodology.
“only 45% can be resected with current methodology.”
From First-in-class MKK4 inhibitors enhance liver regeneration and prevent liver failure (2024) · cites this paper as [43]
The Introduction states that surgery is applicable in only 10–20% of colorectal liver metastasis cases, rather than 45%. The Surgery section discusses when resection is appropriate but gives no 45% figure. (LLM, conf=0.90)
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Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Approximately 1 million patients are diagnosed worldwide with colorectal cancer liver metastases each year.
“Of the approximately 1 million patients diagnosed worldwide with colorectal cancer liver metastases each year,43”
From First-in-class MKK4 inhibitors enhance liver regeneration and prevent liver failure (2024) · cites this paper as [43]
The Introduction reports 1.9 million new colorectal cancer diagnoses worldwide in 2020, and the Epidemiology section says nearly 50% of patients develop liver metastases during the course of their disease (page numbers unavailable). Those figures suggest a number near one million, but the paper does not say that approximately one million patients are diagnosed with colorectal cancer liver metastases each year; lifetime development is not the same as annual diagnosis. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Pathogenetic development, diagnosis and clinical therapeutic approaches for liver metastasis from colorectal cancer (Review)
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Molecular pathways and targeted therapies in colorectal liver metastasis: from bench to bedside
Liu, F., Zhao, Y., & Jiao, Y. (2025) · Clinical & Translational Oncology · doi:10.1007/s12094-025-04038-1 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Liver metastasis of colorectal cancer: Mechanism and clinical therapy (Review)
Yang, C., Zhao, L., Wang, C., Ye, Y., & Shen, Z. (2025) · Oncology Reports · doi:10.3892/or.2025.8963 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Liver Metastases from Colorectal Cancer: From Pathogenesis to Current Treatment
Fan, J.-L., Zhang, H.-R., Kong, D.-Y., Sun, Y., Lu, S.-B., Yang, W.-J., Xiang, R.-S., Zhang, Q., Pei, W., Zhang, H.-Z., et al. (2026) · MedComm · doi:10.1002/mco2.71044

Authors: Zhou, H., Liu, Z., Wang, Y., Wen, X., Amador, E. H., Yuan, L., Ran, X., Xiong, L., Ran, Y., Chen, W., & Wen, Y.
Affiliations: Central South University (CN)
The University of Texas at Arlington (US)
Sichuan University (CN)
Corresponding author: Xiong, Li
Chen, Wei
Wen, Yu
ORCID: Zhou, Hui
Liu, Zhongtao
Amador, Eric H.
Yuan, Liqin
Ran, Xin
Xiong, Li
Ran, Yuping
Chen, Wei
Wen, Yu
Venue: Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2022-03-04
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Pages: 70-70
ISSN: 2059-3635 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00922-2
PMC: PMC8897452
OpenAlex: W4214924743
Cited by: 298
References: 435
Citations by year: 2026: 55 · 2025: 99 · 2024: 68 · 2023: 60 · 2022: 16
FWCI: 7.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (vor)
Locations: Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Anglia Ruskin Research Online (Anglia Ruskin University) (submittedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders: University of Texas at Arlington
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82000756, 81873640, 81970569, 81773293)
Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department (2017WK2063, 2015GK3117)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Colorectal Cancer Treatments and Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Cells and Metastasis
Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis
Keywords: colorectal liver metastases, colorectal cancer, molecular mechanisms, tumor microenvironment, targeted therapy, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis
MeSH terms: Humans, Liver Neoplasms, Colorectal Neoplasms, Tumor Microenvironment

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