Massive mining of publicly available RNA-seq data from human and mouse
Open accessPublished version of a preprint
Abstract
RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) is the leading technology for genome-wide transcript quantification. However, publicly available RNA-seq data is currently provided mostly in raw form, a significant barrier for global and integrative retrospective analyses. ARCHS4 is a web resource that makes the majority of published RNA-seq data from human and mouse available at the gene and transcript levels. For developing ARCHS4, available FASTQ files from RNA-seq experiments from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were aligned using a cloud-based infrastructure. In total 187,946 samples are accessible through ARCHS4 with 103,083 mouse and 84,863 human. Additionally, the ARCHS4 web interface provides intuitive exploration of the processed data through querying tools, interactive visualization, and gene pages that provide average expression across cell lines and tissues, top co-expressed genes for each gene, and predicted biological functions and protein–protein interactions for each gene based on prior knowledge combined with co-expression.
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RNA sequencing is an effective method for serial analysis of gene expression, which aids in understanding regulation mechanisms.
“RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) is an effective method for serial analysis of gene expression, which aids in understanding regulation mechanisms (Lachmann et al., 2018).”
From Multimodal MRI combined with RNA sequencing reveals pathological signatures in the 9-month-old 3×Tg-AD mouse brain (2026) · cites this paper as Lachmann et al., 2018
The Introduction (page unavailable) describes RNA-seq as a common, sensitive method for quantifying gene expression. The Results section on predicting biological functions and protein interactions (page unavailable) uses expression data to predict upstream regulatory transcription factors, supporting a link to studying regulation. The paper does not describe serial or longitudinal analysis of gene expression. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPrior research has demonstrated that gene expression distribution can be mapped onto functional MRI.
“Prior research has demonstrated that gene expression distribution can be mapped onto functional MRI (Lachmann et al., 2018).”
From Multimodal MRI combined with RNA sequencing reveals pathological signatures in the 9-month-old 3×Tg-AD mouse brain (2026) · cites this paper as Lachmann et al., 2018
The Discussion (page unavailable) says the resource calculates gene-expression distributions across tissues and cell lines. Our copy does not say those distributions were mapped onto functional MRI; searches for fMRI and functional magnetic resonance imaging found no passage addressing that link. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAge-similar, non-diseased, normal lung tissues were procured from lungs not used by the Northern California Transplant Donor Network.
“Age-similar, non-diseased, normal lung tissues were procured from lungs not used by the Northern California Transplant Donor Network54.”
From Reference-based analysis of lung single-cell sequencing reveals a transitional profibrotic macrophage (2019) · cites this paper as [54]
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- Authors
- Lachmann, A., Torre, D., Keenan, A. B., Jagodnik, K. M., Lee, H. J., Wang, L., Silverstein, M. C., & Ma’ayan, A.
- Affiliations
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ma’ayan, Avi
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2018-04-10
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1366-1366
- ISSN
- 2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5893633
- OpenAlex
- W2953067954
- Cited by
- 701
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 57 · 2025: 84 · 2024: 102 · 2023: 103 · 2022: 93 · 2021: 97 · 2020: 70 · 2019: 59 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 23.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR001433, OT3OD025467)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U54HL127624, T32HL007824)
- National Cancer Institute (U24CA224260, U54CA189201)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM062754)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gene expression and cancer classification
- Keywords
- Gene Expression Omnibus, human transcriptome, mouse transcriptome, gene co-expression, protein-protein interaction, gene function prediction, online resources
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Software, Genome, Internet, Protein Interaction Mapping, Databases, Genetic, Mice, Gene Regulatory Networks, Data Mining, Molecular Sequence Annotation, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Transcriptome, Gene Ontology
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